Phytotoxicity of fungicide coated sugar beet seed depends on growth condition.

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Ehsanul Haque ◽  
Most Shanaj Parvin
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Growth Condition ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Soilborne Diseases ◽  
Coated Seed ◽  
Plastic Trays

Abstract Fungicide-coated seed protects sugar beet plants from soilborne diseases, but seedlings coming from coated seeds often encounter phytotoxicity under field conditions. To understand the phytotoxic impact, fungicide-coated seed and the uncoated seed of two cultivars were sown with holes or no holes in plastic trays in greenhouse conditions. Our study demonstrated without fungicide coat on sugar beet seed and holes in plastic trays resulted in just above 90% germination. While fungicide-coated seed and no hole's underneath trays- showed the lowest germination (>20%). Fungicide-coated seed, having holes in plastic trays showed 90% germination. No fungicide coat on seed, having no hole's underneath trays showed 70% germination. We further estimated the percentage of stunted seedlings in both cultivars. Fungicide-coated seed with holes underneath plastic trays showed above 5% stunted seedlings while fungicide-coated seed, having no hole's underneath trays- showed the highest percentage of stunted seedlings (>10%) in both cultivars. In summary, our data demonstrated that the phytotoxicity of fungicide-coated sugar beet seed depends on growth conditions.

scholarly journals Design of Constructive Controller of Nonlinear System Based on Polynomial Function Growth Condition and Its Application in Deep Subsea Energy Mining and Production Control System

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Longchuan Guo ◽  
Chuanping Zhou ◽  
Xiaoqing Tian ◽  
Huawei Ji ◽  
Yudong Peng
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Nonlinear System ◽  
Control Problem ◽  
Growth Condition ◽  
Output Feedback ◽  
Controller Design ◽  
Polynomial Function ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Tracking Controller

This paper mainly studies the output feedback control problem of the stochastic nonlinear system based on loose growth conditions and applies the research results to the valve control system of underwater oil and gas pipelines, which can improve the speed and stability of the equipment system. First, the concept of randomness is introduced to study the actual tracking control problem of output feedback of stochastic nonlinear systems, remove the original harsher growth conditions, make it meet the more general polynomial function growth conditions, and propose a combination of static and dynamic output feedback practices. The design of the tracking controller makes all the states of the system meet boundedness and ensures that the tracking error of the system converges to a small neighborhood of zero. Second, the system is extended to the parameter-uncertain system, and the output feedback tracking controller with complete dynamic gain is constructed by proving the boundedness of the system state and gain. Further, the time-delay factor is introduced, and the nonlinear term of the system satisfies the more relaxed power growth condition, combined with the inverse method to cleverly construct a set of Lyapunov functions and obtain the output controller to ensure that the system is asymptotically probabilistic in the global scope. Stability. Finally, through the ocean library in the Simulation X simulation software, the controller design results are imported into the underwater electro-hydraulic actuator model to verify the effectiveness of the controller design.

scholarly journals Yield analysis of Physalis ixocarpa Brot. ex Hornem varieties under greenhouse and field conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernabé Ignacio Ramos-López ◽  
Yolanda Donaji Ortiz-Hernández ◽  
Isidro Morales
Keyword(s):  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Matric Potential ◽  
Average Temperature ◽  
Large Plot ◽  
Small Plot ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Average Relative Humidity ◽  
Husk Tomato ◽  
Soil Water Consumption

ABSTRACT: Physalis ixocarpa (husk tomato) is traditionally cultivated in Mexico, and nowadays the yield is low. In this study, four cultivars of husk tomato were evaluated, under greenhouse and field conditions. It was carried out a split-plot experimental design in a 4x2 factorial arrangement. The large plot was the growth conditions and the small plot was the variety. The microclimate, soil and yield variables were recorded. In the field, the Integrated Photosynthetic Active Radiation (IPAR) was higher 12mol m-2 d-1 than in the greenhouse. The average temperature was slightly higher 1.18°C in the greenhouse and the average relative humidity was slightly higher 0.89% in the field. Plants grown in the greenhouse had lower negative values for the matric potential of the soil. Water consumption and water use efficiency were 10.31 and 53.43% higher in the greenhouse that in the field, respectively. The number of fruits and yield increased significantly in all varieties grown under greenhouse conditions.

scholarly journals On Solutions of a Parabolic Equation with Nonstandard Growth Condition

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Huashui Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Parabolic Equation ◽  
Growth Condition ◽  
Boundary Value ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Boundary Value Condition ◽  
Nonstandard Growth ◽  
Partial Boundary Value Condition ◽  
Nonstandard Growth Condition ◽  
Nonstandard Growth Conditions ◽  
The Stability

A parabolic equation with nonstandard growth condition is considered. A kind of weak solution and a kind of strong solution are introduced, respectively; the existence of solutions is proved by a parabolically regularized method. The stability of weak solutions is based on a natural partial boundary value condition. Two novelty elements of the paper are both the dependence of diffusion coefficient bx,t on the time variable t, and the partial boundary value condition based on a submanifold of ∂Ω×0,T. How to overcome the difficulties arising from the nonstandard growth conditions is another technological novelty of this paper.

scholarly journals Disease-Reducing Effect of Chromolaena odorata Extract on Sheath Blight and Other Rice Diseases

2011 ◽  
Vol 101 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyễn Đắc Khoa ◽  
Phan Thị Hồng Thúy ◽  
Trần Thị Thu Thủy ◽  
David B. Collinge ◽  
Hans Jørgen Lyngs Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Rice Cultivar ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Sheath Blight ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Brown Spot ◽  
Chromolaena Odorata ◽  
Bipolaris Oryzae ◽  
Herbal Plants

Sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani (teleomorph: Thanatephorus cucumeris) is a major cause of crop loss in intensive rice production systems. No economically viable control methods have been developed. We screened aqueous extracts of common herbal plants that could reduce sheath blight lesions and found that foliar spraying and seed soaking application of extracts of either fresh or dried leaves of Chromolaena odorata gave up to 68% reduction in sheath blight lesion lengths under controlled and semi-field conditions. The observed reductions were not dependent on growth conditions of C. odorata and rice cultivar. The effect was observed until 21 days after inoculation and was not dependent on microbial activity. Under semi-field conditions, extracts also reduced severity of other important rice diseases, i.e., blast (Pyricularia oryzae) using foliar spray (up to 45%), brown spot (Bipolaris oryzae) using seed treatment (up to 57%), and bacterial blight (Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae) using both application methods (up to 50%).

scholarly journals Effects of irrigation and nitrogen on chlorophyll content, dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wang Ning ◽  
Fu Fengzhen ◽  
Ji Jinfeng ◽  
Wang Peng ◽  
He Shuping ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Northeast Of China

Abstract A two-year field experiment was conducted to analyze the growth conditions, physical features, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of sugar-beet under limited irrigation conditions in northeast of China. A cultivar H003 was used as plant materials; six treatments (C1-C6) were included: C1, no nitrogen applied, rain-fed; C2, 120.00 kg nitrogen hm− 2, rain-fed; C3, no nitrogen applied, hole irrigation for seeding; C4, 120.00 kg nitrogen hm− 2, hole irrigation for seeding; C5, no nitrogen applied, hole irrigation for seeding; and C6, 120.00 kg nitrogen hm− 2, hole irrigation for seeding, and irrigation at foliage rapid growth stage. The irrigation supply was only 500 mL/plant once. Results showed C6 showed the highest chlorophyll content, dry matter accumulation, yield, etc. and had the best NUE among all the treatments. In conclusion, under the routine fertilization conditions of northeast of China, the cultivation measure of hole irrigation 500 mL/plant for seeding combined with irrigation 500 mL/plant at foliage rapid growth stage greatly improved sugar-beet yield and NUE.

scholarly journals Residue Kinetics of Ethofumesate in Texturally Diverse Soils of Sugar Beet Crop under Field Conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Shishir Tandon ◽  
Suman Lata Pal
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Sandy Loam ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
First Order Kinetics ◽  
Quantitation Limit ◽  
Long Duration ◽  
Loam Soil ◽  
Sugar Beet Crop

Indiscriminate use of pesticides and growing awareness of environmental and health problems had led to monitoring their residues in soil and crops. Ethofumesate is one of the widely used herbicides for controlling weeds in sugar beet. Dissipation kinetics and terminal residues of ethofumesate were investigated in two diverse soils under subtropical field conditions. Ethofumesate dissipated slowly after application and follows biphasic first-order kinetics in soils. The average half-life for initial and later phases in sandy loam soil, respectively, was 14.54 and 20.42 and 51.83 and 65.21 days, while for silty clay loam, it was 10.09 and 13.00 and 71.42 and 73.10 days, respectively. Recoveries in soil, leaves, and beetroot ranged from 78.15 to 88.05, 77.01 to 88.58, and 76.25 to 84.50%, respectively. The quantitation limit for soil, roots, and leaves was 0.002 μg g−1. At harvest, no residues were detected in soils, leaves, and sugar beetroots. Residues were below the maximum residue limits in sugar beetroots and leaves as set by EU (0.2 ppm). Ethofumesate is safe from weed control and environmental aspects as it does not persist for a long duration in soils and does not appear to pose any adverse effect on human/animal health under subtropical field conditions.

Assessment of breeding progress in sugar beet by testing old and new varieties under greenhouse and field conditions

2014 ◽  
Vol 52 ◽  
pp. 146-156 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Loel ◽  
Christine Kenter ◽  
Bernward Märländer ◽  
Christa M. Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
New Varieties

Certain acid soils and growth of sugar beet

1928 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 704-712
Author(s):  
George Newlands
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Field Conditions ◽  
North East

1. Variations in growth of sugar beet on certain soils from north-east Scotland were investigated by examination of the soils with regard to field conditions, mechanical composition, pH value, lime requirement, readily extractable calcium and humified organic matter.2. Field conditions and mechanical composition did not account for the variations in growth of the beet.3. A certain degree of correlation was found between pH value, readily extractable calcium and growth of beet. In general when the pH was below 5·3 and extractable calcium below 0·12 per cent., growth was poor or failed. Above these figures it was good, but only relatively so, since all the soils were below 6·2 in pH value.

scholarly journals Effects of irrigation and nitrogen on chlorophyll content, dry matter and nitrogen accumulation in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Wang ◽  
Fengzhen Fu ◽  
Hongrong Wang ◽  
Peng Wang ◽  
Shuping He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Rapid Growth ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth Stage ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Accumulation ◽  
Dry Matter Accumulation ◽  
Plant Materials ◽  
Northeast Of China

AbstractA 2-year field experiment was conducted to analyze the growth conditions, physical features, yield, and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of sugar-beet under limited irrigation conditions in northeast of China. A cultivar H003 was used as plant materials; six treatments (C1–C6) were included: C1, no nitrogen applied, rain-fed; C2, nitrogen (120.00 kg ha−1), rain-fed; C3, no nitrogen applied, hole irrigation for seeding; C4, nitrogen (120.00 kg ha−1), hole irrigation for seeding; C5, no nitrogen applied, hole irrigation for seeding; and C6, nitrogen (120.00 kg ha−1), hole irrigation for seeding, and irrigation at foliage rapid growth stage. The irrigation supply was only 500 mL/plant once. Results showed C6 showed the highest chlorophyll content, dry matter accumulation, yield, etc. and had the best NUE among all the treatments. In conclusion, under the routine fertilization conditions of northeast of China, the cultivation measure of hole irrigation 500 mL/plant for seeding combined with irrigation 500 mL/plant at foliage rapid growth stage greatly improved sugar-beet yield and NUE.

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