scholarly journals THE STRUCTURAL COMPUTATION OF SARS-COV- 2 : A LIMITATION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAYDIP DATTA
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Physical Property ◽  
Radius Of Gyration ◽  
Data Modelling ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Data ◽  
Statistical Computation ◽  
Best Fit

In this paper we will try to compute a most important bio-physical property of Covid19 as an analogy of other biopolymers ( 1,2 ) like proteins – viruses . Since Covid19 is also considered as one of the most fatal viral biopolymer under this pandemic phase an attempt has been made through statistical computation of best fit regression.( 3 ) An input -output data modelling of bi-variant study of Molecular Weight ( M ) – Radius of Gyration ( Rg )( 4 ) with standard coding ( 5 ) will be referred . Finally a limitation of statistical computation is discussed with reproducibility ( 6 ) of SARS – COV-2 mutants

scholarly journals A STUDY ON SOME STRUCTURAL FEATURES RESPONSIBLE FOR SARS-COV-2 INFECTION FATALITY

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
JAYDIP DATTA
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Globular Proteins ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Spike Protein ◽  
Radius Of Gyration ◽  
Fatality Rate ◽  
Hydrodynamic Properties ◽  
Standard Curve ◽  
Best Fit

In this article Covid19 is structurally analysed to establish the pathogenic attack through its spike protein ( 1 ) The most of the bio -macromolecules starting from globular proteins to viruses with a high molecular weight average showing polymeric nature as to induce their biological activities. The tremendous infectivity mainly depends on one most important hydrodynamic properties like Zigzag nature of viral walk ( 2 ) for a specific molecular weight ( M ). Hydrodynamic s nature of mRNA –viruses like SARS-COV-2 is analysed to compute the random– zigzag motion ( 2,3) of the virus known as Radius of Gyration( Rg ) value of virus . For computation of Rg a standard curve( 4 )of Rg – M is statistically analysed with best fit regression analysis like Morgan – Morgan – Finney ( MMF ) ( 5 ) model . This zigzag – random walk ( 2 ) of SARS-COV-2 molecule computed from Rg value may be considered as fatality rate of infection ( 6 ).

The Reactive Formation of Diblock Copolymer at a Polymer/Polymer Interface and its Effect on Interfacial Structure

2000 ◽  
Vol 629 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan S. Schulze ◽  
Timothy P. Lodge ◽  
Christopher W. Macosko
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Interfacial Structure ◽  
Root Mean Square Roughness ◽  
Radius Of Gyration ◽  
Interfacial Region ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Amino Terminal ◽  
Polymer Interface ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Time Required

ABSTRACTThe reaction of perdeuterated amino-terminal polystyrene (dPS-NH2) with anhydrideterminal poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA-anh) at a PS/PMMA interface has been observed with forward recoil spectrometry (FRES). Bilayer samples were constructed by placing thin films of PS containing ∼8.5 wt % dPS-NH2 on a PMMA-anh layer. Significant reaction was observed only after annealing the samples at 174°C for several hours, a time scale at least two orders of magnitude greater than the time required for the dPS-NH2 chains to diffuse through the bulk PS layer. The topography of the interfacial region as copolymer formed was measured using atomic force microscopy (AFM). Roughening of the PS/PMMA interface was observed to varying degrees in all annealed samples. Furthermore, the extent of this roughening was found to depend on the PS matrix molecular weight. Reaction in the samples with a high molecular weight PS matrix resulted in a root mean square roughness approximately equal to the radius of gyration Rg of the copolymer. However, approximately twice as much roughening was observed in the low molecular weight PS matrix. This study reveals how the molecular weight of one of the phases can affect the rate of reaction at a polymer/polymer interface.

Quantities Directly Measurable by Scattering

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eaton E. Lattman ◽  
Thomas D. Grant ◽  
Edward H. Snell
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Particle Shape ◽  
Particle Surface ◽  
Scattering Data ◽  
Radius Of Gyration ◽  
Particle Volume ◽  
Particle Surface Area ◽  
Scattering Angle ◽  
Particle Dimension ◽  
Maximum Particle

In this chapter we note that solution scattering data can be divided into four regions. At zero scattering angle, the scattering provides information on molecular weight of the particle in solution. Beyond that, the scattering is influenced by the radius of gyration. As the scattering angle increases, the scattering is influenced by the particle shape, and finally by the interface with the particle and the solution. There are a number of important invariants that can be calculated directly from the data including molecular mass, radius of gyration, Porod invariant, particle volume, maximum particle dimension, particle surface area, correlation length, and volume of correlation. The meaning of these is described in turn along with their mathematical derivations.

scholarly journals Method of value chain mapping with international input–output data: application to the agricultural value chain in three Greater Mekong Subregion countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikuo Kuroiwa
Keyword(s):  
Value Chain ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Data ◽  
Primary Input ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Unit Structure ◽  
Data Application ◽  
Final Output ◽  
Greater Mekong Subregion

AbstractExtending the technique of unit structure analysis, which was originally developed by Ozaki (J Econ 73(5):720–748, 1980), this study introduces a method of value chain mapping that uses international input–output data and reveals both the upstream and downstream transactions of goods and services, as well as primary input (value added) and final output (final demand) transactions, which emerge along the entire value chain. This method is then applied to the agricultural value chain of three Greater Mekong Subregion countries: Thailand, Vietnam, and Cambodia. The results show that the agricultural value chain has been increasingly internationalized, although there is still room to benefit from participating in global value chains, especially in a country such as Cambodia. Although there are some constraints regarding the methodology and data, the method proves useful in tracing the entire value chain.

scholarly journals Self-Stable Precipitation Polymerization Molecular Entanglement Effect and Molecular Weight Simulations and Experiments

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2243
Author(s):  
Jiali Qu ◽  
Yi Gao ◽  
Wantai Yang
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Molecular Conformation ◽  
Average Molecular Weight ◽  
Precipitation Polymerization ◽  
Radius Of Gyration ◽  
Propagation Mechanism ◽  
Reactive Molecular Dynamics ◽  
End Distance ◽  
Good Agreement

In this paper, we developed a reactive molecular dynamics (RMD) scheme to simulate the Self-Stable Precipitation (SP) polymerization of 1-pentene and cyclopentene (C5) with maleic anhydride (MAn) in an all-atom resolution. We studied the chain propagation mechanism by tracking the changes in molecular conformation and analyzing end-to-end distance and radius of gyration. The results show that the main reason of chain termination in the reaction process was due to intramolecular cyclic entanglement, which made the active center wrapped in the center of the globular chain. After conducting the experiment in the same condition with the simulation, we found that the distribution trend and peak value of the molecular-weight-distribution curve in the simulation were consistent with experimental results. The simulated number average molecular weight (Mn) and weight average molecular weight (Mw) were in good agreement with the experiment. Moreover, the simulated molecular polydispersity index (PDI) for cyclopentene reaction with maleic anhydride was accurate, differing by 0.04 from the experimental value. These show that this model is suitable for C5–maleic anhydride self-stable precipitation polymerization and is expected to be used as a molecular weight prediction tool for other maleic anhydride self-stable precipitation polymerization system.

scholarly journals AOIO: Application Oriented I/O Optimization for Buffer Management

Symmetry ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 573
Author(s):  
Xiaochang Li ◽  
Zhengjun Zhai ◽  
Xin Ye
Keyword(s):  
System Performance ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Buffer Management ◽  
Input Output ◽  
Output Data ◽  
Program Counter ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Buffer Cache ◽  
Management Schemes

Emerging scale-out I/O intensive applications are broadly used now, which process a large amount of data in buffer/cache for reorganization or analysis and their performances are greatly affected by the speed of the I/O system. Efficient management scheme of the limited kernel buffer plays a key role in improving I/O system performance, such as caching hinted data for reuse in future, prefetching hinted data, and expelling data not to be accessed again from a buffer, which are called proactive mechanisms in buffer management. However, most of the existing buffer management schemes cannot identify data reference regularities (i.e., sequential or looping patterns) that can benefit proactive mechanisms, and they also cannot perform in the application level for managing specified applications. In this paper, we present an A pplication Oriented I/O Optimization (AOIO) technique automatically benefiting the kernel buffer/cache by exploring the I/O regularities of applications based on program counter technique. In our design, the input/output data and the looping pattern are in strict symmetry. According to AOIO, each application can provide more appropriate predictions to operating system which achieve significantly better accuracy than other buffer management schemes. The trace-driven simulation experiment results show that the hit ratios are improved by an average of 25.9% and the execution times are reduced by as much as 20.2% compared to other schemes for the workloads we used.

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