scholarly journals Unethical evolution of social entities

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luis S Mayorga
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Variation Principle ◽  
Ethical Codes ◽  
Social Entity ◽  
Social Entities ◽  
Available Resources

Complex modern societies require an extended network of specialized workers and organizations (social entities) that play an active role in satisfying the demands of the community. Social entities compete with each other for specific resources (e.g., commercial companies for customers, politicians for votes, TV programs for rating, scientists for funding) with rules that mimic Darwinian natural selection. Social entities explore the landscape of possible strategies to survive (variation principle). Unsuccessful entities disappear as the winning ones drain the available resources (fitness principle). Fruitful strategies are copied and improved by competing entities (heredity principle). The struggle for resources forces the entities to explore all sorts of strategies that do not always follow ethical principles. Without clear limitations to the acceptable survival tactics, entities will explore fruitful unethical approaches depleting the available resources. Therefore, it is necessary to promote the elaboration of ethical codes for each specific social entity to limit the available strategies for competition.

Analyzing Social Networks to Mine Important Friends

2013 ◽  
pp. 90-104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carson K.-S. Leung ◽  
Irish J. M. Medina ◽  
Syed K. Tanbeer
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Social Networking Sites ◽  
Web Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Entity ◽  
Social Entities ◽  
Media Data ◽  
Media Mining

The emergence of Web-based communities and social networking sites has led to a vast volume of social media data, embedded in which are rich sets of meaningful knowledge about the social networks. Social media mining and social network analysis help to find a systematic method or process for examining social networks and for identifying, extracting, representing, and exploiting meaningful knowledge—such as interdependency relationships among social entities in the networks—from the social media. This chapter presents a system for analyzing the social networks to mine important groups of friends in the networks. Such a system uses a tree-based mining approach to discover important friend groups of each social entity and to discover friend groups that are important to social entities in the entire social network.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Teaching Nursing Ethics via Scenarios and Group Discussion in Nurses’ Adherence to Ethical Codes and Patients’ Satisfaction with Nurses’ Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Izadi ◽  
Mostafa Bijani ◽  
Zhila Fereidouni ◽  
Shahnaz Karimi ◽  
Banafsheh Tehranineshat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Care ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Codes Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Nursing Ethics ◽  
University Hospitals ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Ethical Codes ◽  
Patients Satisfaction ◽  
Chi Square Test

Background. There are shortcomings in nurses’ adherence to ethical principles in practice. The present study aims to investigate the effectiveness of teaching nursing ethics via scenario-based learning and group discussion in nurses’ adherence to codes of ethics and patients’ satisfaction with nurses’ performance. Methods. Using a quasiexperimental design, the present study employed questionnaires which measure nurses’ compliance with nursing codes of ethics and patients’ satisfaction with nursing care before, immediately after, and one month after intervention. The collected data were analyzed using the independent t-test, ANOVA, and chi-square test in SPSS v.22. The level of significance was set at p<0.05. The nurses (n = 80) and patients (n = 160) from various units of two university hospitals in the south-west of Iran participated in the present study. Results. The pretest mean scores of the intervention and control groups in patient rights and patients’ satisfaction with nursing care were not significantly different (p=0.07, p=0.21). Yet, there were statistically significant differences between the groups’ mean scores as calculated immediately after (p<0.001, p<0.001) and one month after intervention (p<0.001, p<0.001). Conclusion. Employment of new approaches to teach nursing ethical principles improves compliance with nursing ethical codes and patients’ satisfaction with nurses’ performance.

School Counselor Advocacy: When Law and Ethics May Collide

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2156759X1001300
Author(s):  
Carolyn B. Stone ◽  
Perry A. Zirkel
Keyword(s):  
School Counselors ◽  
School Counselor ◽  
Best Practice ◽  
Careful Consideration ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Ethical Conflict ◽  
Legal Requirements ◽  
Legal Rules ◽  
Ethical Codes ◽  
Law And Ethics

Legal rules establish basic duties akin to the floor for acceptable behavior, whereas ethical codes represent aspirational standards for best practice. For school counselors, fulfilling both legal requirements and ethical principles may pose challenges that warrant careful consideration. This article outlines a legal/ethical conflict in the case of Woodlock v. Orange Ulster B.O.C.E.S. (2006/2008), in which the school counselor followed the ethical precept of advocacy but did so in a way that collided with legal protections.

Roles and Importance of Ethics in the Counseling Profession

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sussan Olufunmilola Adeusi
Keyword(s):  
Human Development ◽  
Code Of Ethics ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
British Association ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Human Actions ◽  
Counseling Profession ◽  
Ethical Codes ◽  
Professional Body ◽  
Ethics Counselling

Absence of rules, guidelines, or instruction in any setting will lead to chaos. Ethics is a written law, and in this chapter, the focus is on the role and importance of ethics in counselling. Ethics is the branch of philosophy that deals with the morality of human actions. Every professional body is governed by ethics and counselling profession is not exclusive. Counselling Association of Nigeria (CASSON) does not have already established ethical codes due to several challenges but the ethical codes of American Counselling Association (ACA) and British Association for Counselling and Psychotherapy (BACP) have been very helpful. These major associations (ACA and BACP) are guided by similar ethical principles and code of ethics. Without ethics, counselling will achieve nothing or very little of her goals. Hence, the roles and importance of ethics in counselling is crucial; it sets order and guarantees a total and healthy human development.

scholarly journals Top-down causation and social structures

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Elder-Vass
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Level Structure ◽  
Social Institutions ◽  
Social World ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Critical Realist ◽  
Social Events ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Entity ◽  
Social Entities

Top-down causation has been implicit in many sociological accounts of social structure and its influence on social events, but the social sciences have struggled to provide a coherent account of top-down causation itself. This paper summarizes a critical realist view of causation and emergence, shows how it supports a plausible account of top-down causation and then applies this account to the social world. The argument is illustrated by an examination of the concept of a norm circle , a kind of social entity that, it is argued, is causally responsible for the influence of normative social institutions. Nevertheless, social entities are structured rather differently from ordinary material ones, with the result that the compositional level structure of reality implicit in the concept of top-down causation has some limitations in the social world. The paper closes by considering what might be involved in examining how top-down causation can be shown to be at work in the social domain.

scholarly journals Estudio de Casos sobre el Grado de Intervención de la Milics en el Ámbito de la Salud Sexual y Reproductiva: Usuarias de Origen Chino

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 184-194
Author(s):  
Marta Isabel Sánchez Pérez
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Professional Practice ◽  
Public Service ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Reproductive Health Services ◽  
Standards Of Practice ◽  
Cultural Mediator ◽  
Chinese Origin

Resumen: El presente trabajo pretende acercar la deontología y las propuestas de los códigos deontológicos de interpretación en los Servicios Sanitarios (SS) y de mediación intercultural a la práctica profesional de las intérpretes y mediadoras a partir del análisis de mis propias actuaciones como MILICS[1] en el contexto de la Salud Sexual y Reproductiva (SSyR) con usuarias de origen chino. La principal hipótesis plantea que, atendiendo a la gran distancia cultural que se da entre la cultura china y la española, se espera que la MILICS deba relativizar la aplicación de ciertos principios generales de actuación establecidos en los códigos deontológicos en numerosas ocasiones y optar por un rol preferentemente activo en la interacción comunicativa cuando desempeñe su trabajo en el ámbito de la SSyR con mujeres de origen chino.Abstract: This article aims at approaching Public Service Interpreting deontology and professional practice by analysing my own performances as a PSI or cultural mediator in the context of reproductive health services with users of Chinese origin. The main hypotheses suggests that due to the wide cultural gap observed between the Chinese and the Spanish culture, the PSI/mediator will often have to consider the transgression of the ethical principles established in the Standards of Practice for Healthcare Interpreters and adopt a more active role.[1] Desde el Grupo CRIT abogamos por una figura integrada de la intérprete en los servicios sanitarios y la mediadora intercultural a la que denominamos MILICS.

Beach and Dune Restoration

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karl F. Nordstrom ◽  
Nancy L. Jackson
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Coastal Management ◽  
Ecosystem Health ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Additional Case ◽  
Ethical Principles ◽  
Ecological Economic ◽  
Emerging Issues

This new edition - now with Nancy Jackson as a co-author - continues the themes of the first edition: the need to restore the biodiversity, ecosystem health, and ecosystem services provided by coastal landforms and habitats, especially in the light of climate change. The second edition reports on progress made on practices identified in the first edition, presents additional case studies, and addresses new and emerging issues. It analyzes the tradeoffs involved in restoring beaches and dunes - especially on developed coasts - the most effective approaches to use, and how stakeholders can play an active role. The concept of restoration is broad, and includes physical, ecological, economic, social, and ethical principles and ideals. The book will be valuable for coastal scientists, engineers, planners, and managers, as well as shorefront residents. It will also serve as a useful supplementary reference textbook in courses dealing with issues of coastal management and ecology.

Schumann and the Economization of Musical Labor

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dana Gooley
Keyword(s):  
Rhetorical Strategies ◽  
Ethical Codes ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Musical Labor ◽  
Performer Training ◽  
Available Resources

Chapter 4 details Robert Schumann’s evolution from an eager and fluent improviser into a composer who advocated writing music away from the piano entirely. His evolution demonstrates the growing polarization between improvisation and composition, modes of music-making that were generally viewed as mutually beneficial until the 1830s. His early, piano-centered output provides clues into how certain transitional and rhetorical strategies were rooted in keyboard improvisational practices, but consciously invested with a “depth” or “psychology” that gave them a romantic cast. The chapter’s interpretive lens is then broadened to consider how Schumann’s anxiety over improvisation was shaped by an “ethos of economy” then common to the educated classes. Improvisation thrived on certain anti-economic impulses—a dilated sense of temporal unfolding, a strenuous type of performer training, a risk of inefficacious communication—that ran counter to bourgeois ethical codes such as the containment of excess and the rational ordering of available resources.

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