scholarly journals Mathematical modelling and simulation of the thermo-catalytic decomposition of methane for economically improved hydrogen production

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brock Lumbers ◽  
David W. Agar ◽  
Joachim Gebel ◽  
Frank Platte
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Catalytic Decomposition ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Commercial Viability ◽  
Dynamic Estimation ◽  
Turnover Costs ◽  
Mathematical Modelling And Simulation

The demand for low-emission hydrogen is set to grow as the world transitions to a future hydrogen economy. Unlike current methods of hydrogen production, which largely derive from fossil fuels with unabated emissions, the thermo-catalytic methane decomposition (TCMD) process is a promising intermediate solution that generates no direct carbon dioxide emissions and can bridge the transition to green hydrogen whilst utilising existing gas infrastructure. This process is yet to see widespread adoption, however, due to the high catalyst turnover costs resulting from the inevitable deactivation of the catalyst, which plays a decisive role in the feasibility of the process. In this study, a feasible TCMD process was identified and a simplified mathematical model was developed, which provides a dynamic estimation for the hydrogen production rate and catalyst turnover costs over various process conditions. The work consisted of a parametric study as well as an investigation into the different process modes. Based on the numerous simulation results it was possible to find the optimal process parameters that maximise the hydrogen pro- duction rate and minimise the catalyst turnover costs, therefore increasing the economic potential of the process and hence its commercial viability.

scholarly journals Catalysts for the Simultaneous Production of Syngas and Carbon Nanofilaments Via Catalytic Decomposition of Biogas

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Buthainah Ali Al-Timimi ◽  
Zahira Yaakob
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Catalytic Decomposition ◽  
Atmospheric Methane ◽  
Active Centers ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Levels ◽  
Scientific Attention

The possibility of alleviation of methane and carbon dioxide levels in the atmosphere are of major global interest. One of the alternatives that attracts much scientific attention is their chemical utilization, especially because both of these gases are components of the biogas. Thus, the rapid and extensive shale gas development makes them abundant raw materials. The development of an effective catalytic process that could be scaled-up for industrial purposes remains a great challenge for catalysis. As well, understanding of the mechanisms of molecular activation and the reaction pathways over active centers on heterogeneous catalysts needs to be advanced. It has been shown that biogas is a very interesting source of renewable energy. Because of its elevated methane content, biogas has excellent potential, as reflected in its year-over-year rise in production. This is because its manufacturing promotes the use of organic waste, prevents uncontrolled dumping and minimizes atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide emissions. Moreover, its use as an energy source is in some cases an alternative to fossil fuels and can help to minimize energy dependence. Another aspect of interest is that it can be used in situ, allowing agro-livestock farms or small industrial plants to achieve energy self-sufficiency.

scholarly journals Catalyst Distribution Optimization Scheme for Effective Green Hydrogen Production from Biogas Reforming

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (17) ◽  
pp. 5558
Author(s):  
Marcin Pajak ◽  
Grzegorz Brus ◽  
Janusz S. Szmyd
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Thermal Conditions ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Catalytic Material ◽  
Hydrogen Technology ◽  
Adverse Influence ◽  
Catalyst Distribution

Green hydrogen technology has recently gained in popularity due to the current economic and ecological trends that aim to remove the fossil fuels share in the energy mix. Among various alternatives, biogas reforming is an attractive choice for hydrogen production. To meet the authorities’ requirements, reforming biogas-enriched natural gas and sole biogas is tempting. Highly effective process conditions of biogas reforming are yet to be designed. The current state of the art lacks proper optimization of the process conditions. The optimization should aim to allow for maximization of the process effectiveness and limitation of the phenomena having an adverse influence on the process itself. One of the issues that should be addressed in optimization is the uniformity of temperature inside a reactor. Here we show an optimization design study that aims to unify temperature distribution by novel arrangements of catalysts segments in the model biogas reforming reactor. The acquired numerical results confirm the possibility of the enhancement of reaction effectiveness, coming from improving the thermal conditions. The used amount of catalytic material is remarkably reduced as a side effect of the presented optimization. To ensure an unhindered perception of the reaction improvement, the authors proposed a ratio of the hydrogen output and the amount of used catalyst as a measure.

scholarly journals A Process for Hydrogen Production from the Catalytic Decomposition of Formic Acid over Iridium—Palladium Nanoparticles

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 3258
Author(s):  
Hamed M. Alshammari ◽  
Mohammad Hayal Alotaibi ◽  
Obaid F. Aldosari ◽  
Abdulellah S. Alsolami ◽  
Nuha A. Alotaibi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Formic Acid ◽  
Activated Charcoal ◽  
Palladium Nanoparticles ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Catalytic Decomposition ◽  
Conversion Yield ◽  
Production Of Hydrogen ◽  
Commercial Applications

The present study investigates a process for the selective production of hydrogen from the catalytic decomposition of formic acid in the presence of iridium and iridium–palladium nanoparticles under various conditions. It was found that a loading of 1 wt.% of 2% palladium in the presence of 1% iridium over activated charcoal led to a 43% conversion of formic acid to hydrogen at room temperature after 4 h. Increasing the temperature to 60 °C led to further decomposition and an improvement in conversion yield to 63%. Dilution of formic acid from 0.5 to 0.2 M improved the decomposition, reaching conversion to 81%. The reported process could potentially be used in commercial applications.

scholarly journals Steam reforming of ethanol for hydrogen production: influence of catalyst composition (Ni/Al2O3, Ni/Al2O3–CeO2, Ni/Al2O3–ZnO) and process conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 132 (2) ◽  
pp. 907-919
Author(s):  
O. Shtyka ◽  
Z. Dimitrova ◽  
R. Ciesielski ◽  
A. Kedziora ◽  
G. Mitukiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Steam Reforming ◽  
Catalyst Stability ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Ethanol Conversion ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Catalyst Activation ◽  
Catalyst Composition ◽  
Activity Measurements ◽  
Steam Reforming Of Ethanol

AbstractEthanol steam reforming was studied over Ni supported catalysts. The effects of support (Al2O3, Al2O3–ZnO, and Al2O3–CeO2), metal loading, catalyst activation method, and steam-to-ethanol molar feed ratio were investigated. The properties of catalysts were studied by N2 physisorption, TPD-CO2, X-ray diffraction, and temperature programmed reduction. After activity tests, the catalysts were analyzed by TOC analysis. The catalytic activity measurements showed that the addition either of ZnO SSor CeO2 to alumina enhances both ethanol conversion and promotes selectivity towards hydrogen formation. The same effects were observed for catalysts with higher metal loadings. High process temperature and high water-to-ethanol ratio were found to be beneficial for hydrogen production. An extended catalyst stability tests showed no loss of activity over 50 h on reaction stream. The TOC analysis of spent catalysts revealed only insignificant amounts of carbon deposit.

scholarly journals Geometrical flexibility of platinum nanoclusters: impacts on catalytic decomposition of ethylene glycol

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (42) ◽  
pp. 28596-28603 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehdi Mahmoodinia ◽  
Thuat T. Trinh ◽  
Per-Olof Åstrand ◽  
Khanh-Quang Tran
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Catalytic Decomposition ◽  
Structural Flexibility ◽  
Biomass Materials ◽  
Coordinative Unsaturation ◽  
Platinum Nanoclusters

The structural flexibility and the coordinative unsaturation of Pt13clusters make them a better catalyst than a Pt surface for hydrogen production from biomass materials.

Analytical solution for the lifetime of a spherical shell of arbitrary thickness under the pressure of corrosive environments: The effect of thermal and elastic stresses

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Yulia G. Pronina ◽  
Olga S. Sedova
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Spherical Shell ◽  
Stress Component ◽  
Equivalent Stress ◽  
Circumferential Stress ◽  
Thermoelastic Stress ◽  
Decisive Role ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Corrosive Media ◽  
Arbitrary Thickness

Abstract The paper presents analytical solutions to initial boundary value problems of thermoelasticity with a priori unknown evolving boundaries. To be more precise, we consider a spherical shell of arbitrary thickness subjected to the internal and external pressures of corrosive media at generally different temperatures, with taking into account the mechanochemical effect and inhibition of corrosion process. Conditions under which the circumferential stress can serve as the equivalent stress are determined. It was found that the life of the shell was influenced by the competing effects of the pressures and temperatures on the corrosion rate and stress values, as well as by possible moving the location of the maximal stress. It was also concluded that the elastic stress component played a decisive role in the synergistic growth of the total thermoelastic stress and the corrosion rate.

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