scholarly journals HOW ARE PRODUCTIVITY AND SUSTAINABILITY SUB-SECTOR AGRICULTURE TOMATO ? (A Case for Nagari SalayoTanang Bukik Sileh)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zul Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Production Model ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Input Factor ◽  
Rural Government ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Tomato Products ◽  
The Cost

This research explains and analyzes the productivity and sustainability of the tomato farm sub-sector. Productivity problems occur when farmers are harvested and falling prices are economically unfavorable to farmers.Furthermore, it will have an impact on sustainability as a tomato production center. Survey was conducted on 100 farmers in Kenagarian SelayoTanang Bukik Sileh. The data were processed using the production model and agricultural costs to observe the productivity and sustainability of the tomato agricultural sub-sector. The research findings show that the input factor is still decreasing return to scale and the productivity is still economically need to be improved. The cost side is not economically efficient yet with the low variable cost coefficient.Therefore, the agriculture sub-sector of dtomat will be threatened by unsustainability, if this happens omission by policy makers. The recommended to the rural government to make the production center rural of tomato and derivative of tomato products in order to maintain the sustainability of tomato production center.

scholarly journals HOW ARE PRODUCTIVITY AND SUSTAINABILITY SUB-SECTOR AGRICULTURE TOMATO

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zul Azhar
Keyword(s):  
Production Model ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Productivity ◽  
Cost Coefficient ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Village Government ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Village

This research explains and analyzes the productivity and sustainability of the tomato agricultural sub-sector. Productivity problems occur when farmers are harvested and the price decline is economically unfavorable for farmers. In addition, it will have an impact onsustainability as a center for tomato production. The survey was conducted on 100 farmers in Kenagarian Selayo, Tanah Bukik Sileh. The data is processed using the production model and agricultural costs to observe the productivity and sustainability of the tomato sub-sector. The research findings show that input factors still reduce return to scale and economic productivity still needs to be improved. The cost side is not economically efficient with a low variable cost coefficient. Therefore, the tomato sub-sector of agriculture will be threatened by unsustainability, if there is negligence by policy makers. It is recommended to the village government to create a rural production center for tomatoes and derivatives from tomato products to maintain the sustainability of the tomato production center.

scholarly journals E-Commerce as an instrument of governing SMEs’ marketing strategy in an emerging economy

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 298-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lawrence Mpele Lekhanya
Keyword(s):  
Marketing Strategy ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Emerging Economy ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Emerging Country ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
Buying Behaviour ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Method Approach

The purpose of this paper is to report on the use of e-commerce an instrument of governing SMEs’ marketing strategy in an emerging economy. The study aimed to assess and critically discuss various factors influencing the use of e-commerce as an instrument of governing SMEs marketing strategy and identify the extent to which SMEs owners/managers perceived e-commerce to be important to their businesses survival and growth. A mixed method approach allowed for qualitative and quantitative techniques in collecting data from targeted respondents, with primary collected from rural areas of an emerging country. The research instrument consisted of closed-ended questionnaires made up of 5-point Likert scale responses were distributed to each respondent. The research findings indicate that most respondents believed that the use of e-commerce is motivated by the cost saving and other financial factors in the form of benefits for the customer. In addition, large number of respondents disagreed that the use of e-Commerce has changed their consumer buying behaviour. The paper’s benefit will be to the owners/managers SMEs as well as policy makers and financial agencies for SMEs.

scholarly journals Comparative Economic Analysis and Profitability of Tomato ((Lycopersicon esculentum) Production in Selected Districts of Punjab State

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gurleen Kaur ◽  
Gurlal Singh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Tomato Crop ◽  
Preparation Methods ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Support Price ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Cost

The study was conducted to analyse the comparative economic analysis and profitability of tomato production in selected districts of Punjab state. A primary data was collected in the year 2019-20 by using multistage stratified random sampling technique. Two top ranking districts namely Amritsar and Patiala on the basis of highest area under tomato crop were purposively selected in the Punjab state. A sample of 200 tomato growers were selected, 100 each from both the districts from 21 producing villages selected from Patiala and Amritsar district of Punjab state. The results of the study indicated that the average area under tomato crop was highest in case of Amritsar district i.e. 10.90 acres as compared to 2.98 acres in Patiala district. Majority of the farmers in both the districts were using hybrid varities. 575 variety is basically demanded by the factories or tomato companies and mostly preferred by processing firms. The total variable cost was estimated highest in case of Patiala district (Rs.59262.63/acre) as compared to Amritsar district (Rs.47779.15/acre) due to the difference in their cultivation methods (Bamboo staking vs open field cultivation), varietal difference, nursery preparation methods, seasonal and geographical difference. The returns over variable cost was found higher in case of Patiala district i.e. Rs. 85142.42 than Amritsar district (Rs.61882.74). The study concluded that the tomato cultivation in Patiala district was found more profitable than Amritsar district. It was recommended that the primary agricultural credit cooperative societies and other funding agencies should be persuaded to provide adequate short term credit facilities to cover the higher operational cost. Government should ensure the supply of hybrid seeds to tomato growers at subsidized rates and ensure better minimum support price to tomato growers so that farmers received price at least cost equal to the cost of production.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENERAPAN VARIABEL COSTING SEBAGAI ALAT UNTUK MENGHITUNG HARGA POKOK PRODUKSI PADA AKSAN BAKERY DI MANADO

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tety Darise ◽  
David Paul Elia Saerang ◽  
Anneke Wangkar
Keyword(s):  
Calculation Method ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Selling Price ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Cost Of Production ◽  
The Cost ◽  
A Company ◽  
Keywords Cost

Determining the cost of goods sold is right becomes one factor supporting the success of a company in achieving its goals , the cost of production has an important role in a company , due to the determination of the cost of goods sold , the company could easily determine the selling price , and the targeted profit also clear. This research was conducted at a company manufacturing in Manado . This study aimed to analyze the application of variable costing in Aksan Bakery in Manado. Data analysis method used is descriptive analysis . The data used is qualitative data , the data is presented in a descriptive or shape description and quantitative data , the data presented in the form of numbers. The research findings show that the application of variable costing method can be used as a tool to calculate the cost of production in the Aksan  Bakery. It can be seen from a comparative analysis of the cost of goods sold according to variable costing lower than the production cost price calculation method used Aksan Bakery. By using the full costing method used by companies the cost of goods sold Rp . 1.191.956 .000 while according to the variable cost of production costing Rp . 1.033.560.000. The main difference between full costing calculation method used by the company with variable costing method lies in the treatment of factory overhead costs .Keywords : cost of goods sold, variabel costing

A case study on year round fodder production scheme for smallholder dairy producers in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 79-102
Author(s):  
NR Sarker ◽  
F Tabassum D Yeasmin ◽  
MA Habib ◽  
MR Amin
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Family Income ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Variable Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Common Salt ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Her Family ◽  
Fodder Production

This study was undertaken to develop a year round fodder production model for small scale dairy farmers. Five pregnant dairy cows of Red Chittagong Cattle (RCC) genotype were selected. For rearing five cows, 66 decimal of land was selected from existing fodder plots under Pachutia Research Farm at Bangladesh Livestock Research Institute (BLRI), Savar, Dhaka. The selected land was divided into two parts (33 decimal in each). One part was brought under perennial (Napier-4 and Splendida) and the 2nd part of land for seasonal (Maize & Matikalai) fodder production. Data on live weight and live weight gain of cows, birth weight of calves, feed intake, milk production, actual biomass yield for both perennial and seasonal fodder, yearly manure production were recorded and calculated. Napier-4 grass, splendida, maize, straw, silage were supplied to the experimental cows according to the seasonal availability in different months. Concentrate mixture were also supplied consisting of wheat bran, kheshari (red gram), soybean meal, maize crushed, til oil cake, DCP and common salt. Economics of the model revealed that considering the sale of milk, calves and manure and cost included only feed and land leased, a farm/family rearing 5 indigenous dairy cows with his/her family labours, he/she could earn around BDT 98 thousand in a year (1$ = 85 BDT) and the benefit cost ratio of the model on total variable cost and total cost were 1.86 and 1.66, respectively. Therefore, it may be recommended that a farmer having 5 adult dairy cows with 66 decimal land under fodder cultivation may earn substantial share of his/her family income as small-scale rural dairying. Bang. J. Livs. Res. Vol. 26 (1&2), 2019: P. 89-102

Materialism and Green Purchase Intention: A Study of Urban Vietnamese Consumers

2017 ◽  
pp. 89-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Nguyen Thi Tuyet ◽  
Hung Nguyen Vu ◽  
Linh Nguyen Hoang ◽  
Minh Nguyen Hoang
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Survey Data ◽  
Purchase Intention ◽  
Behavioral Control ◽  
Subjective Norm ◽  
Perceived Behavioral Control ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Tpb Model ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact

This study focuses on examining the impact of three components of materialism on green purchase intention for urban consumers in Vietnam, an emerging economy. An extended Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) is applied as the conceptual framework for this study. The hypotheses are empirically tested using survey data obtained from consumers in Hanoi, the capital of Vietnam. The regression results show support for most of our hypotheses. The findings indicate that two out of three facets of materialism are significant predictors of green purchase intention. Specifically, success is found to be negatively related to purchase intention, while happiness is related positively to the intention. All three antecedents in the TPB model, including attitude towards green purchase, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control are also found to have positive impacts on purchase intention. The research findings are discussed and implications for managers and policy makers are provided.

scholarly journals New public management and budgeting practices in Tanzanian Central Government

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 340-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Goddard ◽  
Tausi Ally Mkasiwa
Keyword(s):  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Central Government ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Donor Funding ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Inductive Research ◽  
New Public ◽  
Research Findings

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the budgeting practices in the Tanzanian Central Government. New budgeting reforms were introduced following exhortations from the bodies such as the UN, the World Bank and the IMF and reflect the new public management (NPM). Design/methodology/approach A grounded theory methodology was used. This methodology is inductive, allowing phenomena to emerge from the participants rather than from prior theory. This ensures both relevance and depth of understanding. Findings The principal research findings from the data concern the central phenomenon of “struggling for conformance”. Tanzanian Central Government adopted innovations in order to ensure donor funding by demonstrating its ability to implement imposed budgetary changes. Organizational actors were committed to these reforms through necessity and struggled to implement them, rather than more overtly resisting them. Research limitations/implications The research is subject to the usual limitations of case study, inductive research. Practical implications This research has several implications for policy-makers of NPM and budgetary reforms. These include the recognition that the establishment of the rules and regulations alone is not adequate for the successful implementation of budgetary and NPM reforms and should involve a comprehensive view of the nature of the internal and external environment. Originality/value There are few empirical papers of NPM accounting practices being implemented in the public sector of developing countries and none at all based in Tanzania. The paper identifies the existence of struggling to conform to reforms rather than resistance identified in prior research.

scholarly journals A finite horizon production model with variable production rates and constant demand rate

2002 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zvi Goldstein
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Finite Horizon ◽  
Production Model ◽  
Maximum Speed ◽  
Lot Size ◽  
Production Problem ◽  
Demand Rate ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Production Lot Size ◽  
Variable Production

In this paper we present a finite horizon single product single machine production problem. Demand rate and all the cost patterns do not change over time. However, end of horizon effects may require production rate adjustments at the beginning of each cycle. It is found that no such adjustments are required. The machine should be operated either at minimum speed (i.e. production rate = demand rate; shortage is not allowed), avoiding the buildup of any inventory, or at maximum speed, building up maximum inventories that are controlled by the optimal production lot size.

Does the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic influence the FX? A note.

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Evangelos Vasileiou
Keyword(s):  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Interest Rate ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Interest Rate Risk ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Domestic Currency ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

This note shows that the effective response of a country in its battle against COVID-19 influences the exchange rate of its currency. Particularly, we examine the GBPUSD, AUDUSD and AUDGBP pairs of currency during the COVID-19 outbreak and the results show that the domestic currency of the country which documents more COVID-19 cases in each pair is depreciated against the foreign one. Therefore, a country which cannot effectively mitigate the impact of COVID-19 and whose currency is depreciated may present further economic consequences in the future. Such consequences extend beyond economic recession and may include sovereign and interest rate risk. These findings may be useful for policy makers in order to estimate the cost of the pandemic.

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