scholarly journals Affective structure, measurement invariance, and reliability across different experience sampling protocols

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gudrun Eisele ◽  
Ginette Lafit ◽  
Hugo Vachon ◽  
Peter Kuppens ◽  
Marlies Houben ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Reliability ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Sampling Protocols ◽  
Residual Correlations ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Structure Measurement ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Additional Variance ◽  
Affective Structure

While measures of affect are often included in studies using experience sampling methodology (ESM), the affective structure at the between- and within-person level has not been thoroughly investigated. Additionally, it is currently unclear to what extent this structure is influenced by variations in sampling protocols. Our first aim was to investigate the structure of affect at the between- and within-person level when measured with 8 or 18 affect items. Second, we investigated the invariance of this structure across different sampling frequencies and questionnaire lengths. Further, the reliability of positive and negative affect (PA and NA, respectively) was calculated. Participants (N = 163) were randomly assigned to receive either a 30 or 60 item questionnaire three, six, or nine times per day over 14 days. Momentary affect was assessed with 8 or 18 items. At both levels, a two-factor structure with correlated PA and NA showed the best fit compared to an orthogonal and a unidimensional model. However, the CFAs and additional EFAs indicated that items shared additional variance that could be accounted for by freeing residual correlations or adding more nuanced affect factors to achieve acceptable fit. A structure accounting for these additional relationships was invariant across different sampling protocols at the within-person level and resulted in high reliability. We observed differences between levels in the strength of the loadings, the correlation between PA and NA, and the number of factors suggested in EFAs. Taken together, these structural differences indicate a more discrete affective structure within than between persons

The Relationship Between Challenging Behaviour, Cognitions and Stress in Mothers of Individuals with Intellectual Disabilities

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 691-704 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Rose ◽  
Lisa Nelson ◽  
Rebecca Hardiman
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Stress ◽  
Challenging Behaviour ◽  
Parental Cognitions ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Children And Young Adults ◽  
Maternal Cognitions ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Mediator ◽  
Mediation Models

Background: Cognitions are starting to receive more prominence as important when examining a number of factors including the topography of challenging behaviour. This study examined the relationships between maternal stress, challenging behaviour (aggressive and self-injurious behaviours) and parental cognitions and specifically whether maternal cognitions mediated the effect of challenging behaviour on parenting stress. Method: 46 mothers of children and young adults with ID completed questionnaires regarding their child's challenging behaviour, maternal cognitions and stress. Results: Significant correlations were found between challenging behaviour and maternal stress. The overall mediation models for aggression and self-injurious behaviour were significant. The Challenging Behaviour Perception Questionnaire: Consequences client subscale was the only independent significant mediator for both behaviours. Conclusions: Cognitions do play an important part in mediating the relationship between challenging behaviour and stress. Further research is needed to examine the similarities and differences between the mediation models for aggression and self-injurious behaviour.

Optimizing the Pomelo Oils Extraction Process by Microwave-Assisted Hydro-Distillation Using Soft Computing Approaches

2018 ◽  
Vol 279 ◽  
pp. 217-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tran Thien Hien ◽  
Nguyen Phu Thuong Nhan ◽  
Nguyen Duy Trinh ◽  
Van Thi Thanh Ho ◽  
Long Giang Bach
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Response Surface ◽  
Soft Computing ◽  
Microwave Power ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Extraction Process ◽  
Oil Extraction ◽  
Microwave Assisted ◽  
Number Of Factors

Pomelo (Citrus grandis .Linn Osbeck) oils is becoming more and more popular for everyone because it has great benefits. However, the efficiency of essential oil extraction process depends on the method and is influenced by a number of factors. Microwave-assisted hydro-distillation and Response Surface Methodology are selected for extracting and optimizing the factors affect the yield of the pomelo oil. The pomelo oil has the optimum yield was 4.5% when extracted with a water and peels ratio of 3,119: 1 (ml/g) for time extraction of 117.336 (minutes) at a microwave power of 403.115 (W) with high reliability (R2 = 0.9831)

Factors Related to Early Subsequent Pregnancies and Second Births among Adolescent Mothers in a Family Support Program

2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1006-1031 ◽  
Author(s):  
KATHRYN SIMS ◽  
TOM LUSTER
Keyword(s):  
Family Support ◽  
Adolescent Mothers ◽  
Subsequent Pregnancy ◽  
Adolescent Mother ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
The Family ◽  
Family Support Program ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Second Births

This study addressed the following questions: Did adolescent mother who were randomly assigned to receive more intensive family support services have lower rates of early subsequent pregnancies and second births than adolescent mothers who received less intensive services? What factors assessed early in the program were predictive of which adolescents ( N = 99) had subsequent pregnancies or second births by the time the firstborn child was 24 months old? Potential predictors of these outcomes were assessed at enrollment and when the firstborn children were 6 months old. No differences were found between the two treatment groups on rates of second pregnancies or second births. A number of factors were associated with having an early subsequent pregnancy or second birth. The best predictor of both outcomes was the family advocates' rating of the teens' personal resources at the 6-month assessment.

scholarly journals FORECASTING INTERNATIONAL TOURISM DEMAND FOR ECUADOR

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Jesser Roberto Paladines Amaiquema ◽  
Lourdes Amaiquema Illesca
Keyword(s):  
International Tourism ◽  
Tourism Demand ◽  
Monthly Data ◽  
Monthly Period ◽  
Residual Correlations ◽  
Best Fit

The international tourism demand for Ecuador was forecasted in this paper, with monthly data of foreign arrivals to Ecuador for the period 2000 to 2016. The Box-Jenkins model was applied, specifically the technique called ARIMA, in order to stablish the best fit to the foreign arrivals from the monthly period from January to June of 2017. According to results, the model was no statistically significant, residual correlations problem was found.

Polish adaptation of the Geneva Emotional Music Scale: Factor structure and reliability

2020 ◽  
pp. 030573562092747
Author(s):  
Maria Chełkowska-Zacharewicz ◽  
Maciej Janowski
Keyword(s):  
Factor Structure ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Factor Solution ◽  
Linguistic Differences ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Polish Adaptation ◽  
Being Moved

One of the most popular measurement tools used in music-emotion studies is the Geneva Emotional Music Scale (GEMS). The authors conducted a series of studies on Polish samples to confirm the factor structure and the reliability of the Polish adaptation of the GEMS (GEMS-PL). Study 1 ( n = 262) revealed in the confirmatory factor analysis a good fit for both 9- and 10-factor models, with an indication to a better fit of the 10-factor solution. Additional statistical analyses were performed to explore the differences in the number of factors between the GEMS-PL and the original GEMS. Study 2 ( n = 944) performed in laboratory and Internet settings, confirmed the 10-factor model and revealed that all obtained scales had high reliability. The GEMS-PL scales peacefulness, tenderness, tension, joyful activation, nostalgia, sadness, power, transcendence, and wonder correspond with the original GEMS. The additional scale being moved abstracted from the sadness factor is discussed in the context of possible linguistic differences and growing literature on the state of being moved.

scholarly journals Utilising shade to optimize UV exposure for vitamin D

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 2841-2846 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. J. Turnbull ◽  
A. V. Parisi
Keyword(s):  
Zenith Angle ◽  
Vitamin D3 ◽  
Solar Zenith Angle ◽  
The Body ◽  
Uv Exposure ◽  
Diffuse Component ◽  
Spectral Measurements ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Solar Uv ◽  
To Receive

Abstract. Numerous studies have stated that humans need to utilise full sun radiation, at certain times of the day, to assist the body in synthesising the required levels of vitamin D3. The time needed to be spent in the full sun depends on a number of factors, for example, age, skin type, latitude, solar zenith angle. Current Australian guidelines suggest exposure to approximately 1/6 to 1/3 of a minimum erythemal dose (MED), depending on age, would be appropriate to provide adequate vitamin D3 levels. The aim of the study was to determine the exposure times to diffuse solar UV to receive exposures of 1/6 and 1/3 MED for a changing solar zenith angle in order to assess the possible role that diffuse UV (scattered radiation) may play in vitamin D3 effective UV exposures (UVD3). Diffuse and global erythemal UV measurements were conducted at five minute intervals over a twelve month period for a solar zenith angle range of 4° to 80° at a latitude of 27.6° S. For a diffuse UV exposure of 1/3 MED, solar zenith angles smaller than approximately 50° can be utilised for exposure times of less than 10 min. Spectral measurements showed that, for a solar zenith angle of 40°, the UVA (315–400 nm) in the diffuse component of the solar UV is reduced by approximately 62% compared to the UVA in the global UV, whereas UVD3 wavelengths are only reduced by approximately 43%. At certain latitudes, diffuse UV under shade may play an important role in providing the human body with adequate levels of UVD3 (290–315 nm) radiation without experiencing the high levels of UVA observed in full sun.

Conclusions

1995 ◽  
Vol 167 (S28) ◽  
pp. 78-79
Author(s):  
John Tsiantis
Keyword(s):  
Public Mental Health ◽  
Economic Recession ◽  
Financial Resources ◽  
Mental Health Care System ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Decisive Importance ◽  
Custodial Care ◽  
Care Structure ◽  
Public Mental Health Care ◽  
To Receive

The intervention carried out at the Leros PIKPA asylum with the assistance of European Community funds has proved beyond all doubt that financial resources, essential as they may be, are not in themselves sufficient to ensure the success of an effort to reform a custodial care structure. It might seem a unique opportunity for a country to receive financial support to improve its public mental health care system, especially during a period of economic recession, and one might have expected that, if the financial resources were sufficient, reform would be relatively easy. However, our experience has shown that this is not the case and that much time and effort are needed. Emphasis needs also to be placed on a number of factors that we have found to be of decisive importance.

scholarly journals The optimisation of experience sampling protocols in people with schizophrenia

2016 ◽  
Vol 244 ◽  
pp. 289-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clementine J. Edwards ◽  
Matteo Cella ◽  
Nicholas Tarrier ◽  
Til Wykes
Keyword(s):  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Sampling Protocols

Adapting “Color Blindness” to South Korean Attitudes Toward Multicultural Minorities: Scale Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 353-390
Author(s):  
Keun Young Baek ◽  
Young Seok Seo ◽  
Ae Ran Kim ◽  
Jinlan Piao
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Behavioral Reactions ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Confirmatory Factor ◽  
Training And Research ◽  
Criterion Variables ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Additional Variance ◽  
Three Factor

Four studies were conducted to develop and validate the South Korean Attitudes Toward Multicultural Minorities Scale (SKAMMS). Exploratory factor analysis ( n = 336) identified three factors: Unawareness of South Korean Privilege and Discrimination against Multicultural Minorities, Attitudes Against Multiculturalism, and Attitudes Against Advocacy and Policy for Multicultural Minorities. Confirmatory factor analysis ( n = 537) provided cross-validation of the 16-item, three-factor model and identified that a three-factor bifactor model best fit the data. Correlational analyses provided evidence of the discriminant and convergent validities of the SKAMMS. Evidence of incremental validity of the SKAMMS was obtained ( n = 165), where the SKAMMS accounted for additional variance in criterion variables (i.e., cognitive, affective, and behavioral reactions toward racism) above other measures of attitudes toward multicultural minorities. The estimated 2-week test-retest reliabilities ( n = 53) ranged from .67 to .82. We discuss implications for the use of the SKAMMS for practice, advocacy, education/training, and research.

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