scholarly journals Personality in Situations: Going Beyond the OCEAN and Introducing the Situation Five

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias Ziegler ◽  
Kai Tobias Horstmann ◽  
Johanna Ziegler
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Exploratory Study ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Lexical Approach

We present the psychometric evaluation of a personality measure that assesses the BigFive and situation perception based on a newly developed taxonomy of situation characteristics. Following the lexical approach, more than 15,000 adjectives were extracted from an authoritative German dictionary. In a first exploratory study, 521 participants rated every-day situations on 300 adjectives selected as potential situation descriptors. Seven dimensions of situation perception were initially extracted. In a second study with N = 387, five of these seven factors were confirmed: Outcome-Expectancy, Briskness, Cognitive Load, Psychological and Physical Load, and Lack of Stimuli, together referred to as the Situation Five. Finally, a measurement tool, the Big Five of Personality in Occupational Situations (B5PS), was constructed to assess the Big Five personality traits and the Situation Five simultaneously. We present evidence for the reliability, convergent and discriminant validity and predictive validity of the B5PS test scores. Our study highlights the relevance of situation perception as a trait and discusses their applicability in diverse contexts.

scholarly journals Psychometric Assessment of the Short Grit Scale Among Czech Young Adults

2020 ◽  
pp. 073428292097481
Author(s):  
Fabian T. C. Schmidt ◽  
František Sudzina ◽  
Marek Botek
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Learning Approaches ◽  
Psychometric Assessment ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Item Characteristics

The Grit Scale measures perseverance of effort and consistency of interest. The objective of this study is to validate the Czech adaptation of the Short Grit Scale using a sample of N = 302 Czech university students. The analysis of item characteristics and factor structure revealed good results. To investigate convergent and discriminant validity, learning approaches and the Big Five personality traits were used. Latent correlations with the Big Five personality traits and the facets of conscientiousness revealed the expected relationships for grit and the facet perseverance of effort in particular. All in all, the results indicate the validity of the Czech version of the Grit Scale.

Development and Validation of the Psychological Maturity Assessment Scale (PSYMAS)

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fabia Morales-Vives ◽  
Elisa Camps ◽  
Urbano Lorenzo-Seva
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Factorial Structure ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychological Maturity ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Big Five Personality Factors ◽  
Development And Validation

This research developed a new test in Spanish to assess psychological maturity in adolescents, called PSYMAS and consisting of the subscales work orientation, identity, and autonomy. PSYMAS was administered to 669 students between 15 and 18 years. The results showed that the factorial structure of the test is acceptable, and that, in addition to subscale scores, total scores can be calculated to measure the overall psychological maturity of the subject. The convergent and discriminant validity of the test was also assessed based on a comparison with the Big Five personality factors. The results indicated that the test does in fact allow prediction of results in relation to personality traits.

scholarly journals The Moyamoya Health Behavior Scale for Adolescent Patients: Measurement Tool Development and Psychometric Evaluation

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4064
Author(s):  
Won-oak Oh ◽  
Insun Yeom ◽  
Sung-Hyun Lim ◽  
Dong-Seok Kim ◽  
Kyu-won Shim
Keyword(s):  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Moyamoya Disease ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Coping Behavior ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Measurement Tool ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Adolescent Patients ◽  
Health Related

Clinical practitioners treating moyamoya disease recognize the need for a systematic approach to better manage the disease in adolescent patients with the disease. Methods: This study aimed to develop and evaluate the validity and reliability of a disease scale which measures the health-related behaviors of adolescents with moyamoya disease. Results: The final 12-item Moyamoya-HB Scale for adolescents was categorized by three sub-domains: implementation of treatment for moyamoya disease (four items); health promoting behavior for moyamoya disease (four items); and health coping behavior for moyamoya disease (four items). Overall, these factors explained 68.97% of the total variance. The results of the confirmative factor analysis supported the construct, convergent and discriminant validity of the three sub-domains. The Moyamoya-HB Scale for adolescents also demonstrated a concurrent validity with the Korean Adolescents’ Health Behaviors Tool (r = 0.59, p < 0.001). Reliability analysis showed an acceptable-to-high Cronbach’s alpha of 0.865 in total, and the subscales ranged from 0.800 to 0.841. Conclusions: Initial findings support the Moyamoya-HB Scale as a reliable and valid measure of health behaviors in adolescents with moyamoya disease.

Using Principal Component Scores to Enhance the Validity and Reliability of Big Five Personality Measures

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-93
Author(s):  
Jeffrey M. Cucina ◽  
Nicholas L. Vasilopoulos ◽  
Arwen H. DeCostanza
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Reliability And Validity ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Scoring Method ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
Big Five Factors ◽  
Component Scores

Abstract. Varimax rotated principal component scores (VRPCS) have previously been offered as a possible solution to the non-orthogonality of scores for the Big Five factors. However, few researchers have examined the reliability and validity of VRPCS. To address this gap, we use a lab study and a field study to investigate whether using VRPCS increase orthogonality, reliability, and criterion-related validity. Compared to the traditional unit-weighting scoring method, the use of VRPCS enhanced the reliability and discriminant validity of the Big Five factors, although there was little improvement in criterion-related validity. Results are discussed in terms of the benefit of using VRPCS instead of traditional unit-weighted sum scores.

The Big Five Inventory–2 in China: A Comprehensive Psychometric Evaluation in Four Diverse Samples

Assessment ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 107319112110082
Author(s):  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Yi Ming Li ◽  
Jian Li ◽  
Jing Luo ◽  
Yonghao Ye ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Big Five ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Good Reliability ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Big Five Inventory ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Lower Education ◽  
Content Coverage ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

The Big Five Inventory-2 (BFI-2) has received wide recognition since its publication because it strikes a good balance between content coverage and brevity. The current study translated the BFI-2 into Chinese, evaluated its psychometric properties in four diverse Chinese samples (college students, adult employees, adults treated for substance use, and adolescents), and compared its factor structure with those obtained from two U.S. samples. Across two studies, the Chinese BFI-2 demonstrated good reliability (Cronbach’s α and test–retest reliability), structural validity, convergent/discriminant validity, and criterion-related validity at the domain level. At lower levels of analyses, some facets and negatively worded items functioned better among participants with higher than those with lower education levels. Implications, limitations, and future directions are discussed.

Psychometric evaluation of the Persian version of the spiritual well-being scale (SWBS) in Iranian patients with cancer

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hamid Sharif Nia ◽  
Mobin Mohammadinezhad ◽  
Kelly A. Allen ◽  
Christopher Boyle ◽  
Saeed Pahlevan Sharif ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Persian Version ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Spiritual Well Being ◽  
Iranian Patients

Abstract Objective The spiritual well-being scale (SWBS) is a widely used clinical scale which should be evaluated for Iranian patients with cancer. The aim of this study is to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the SWBS in Iranian patients with cancer. Method This cross-sectional, methodological study was conducted among Iranian patients with cancer (n = 400). The participants were recruited using convenience sampling. The content, construct, convergent and discriminant validity, and reliability of the Persian version of the SWBS were evaluated. Results A two-factor structure for the scale was indicated with the factors being: connecting with God and meaningless life that explained 54.18% of the total variance of the concept of spiritual well-being. The results demonstrated the model had a good fit. Cronbach's alpha, McDonald's omega, and the inter-item correlation values of the factors indicated good internal consistency of the scale. Significance of results These results suggest that the Persian version of the SWBS is a reliable and valid measure to assess the spiritual well-being of patients with cancer through 16 items related to connecting with God and meaningless life.

Ervaren Uitdaging op het Werk

2011 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul T. Y. Preenen ◽  
Annelies E. M. van Vianen ◽  
Irene E. de Pater ◽  
René Geerling
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Work Attitudes ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Research And Practice ◽  
Perceived Challenge

Perceived Job Challenge: Development of a measure Perceived Job Challenge: Development of a measure A measure of perceived challenge was developed, and its psychometric qualities were investigated in two studies. Perceived challenge consisted of three factors: positive stimulation, competence testing, and uncertainty. These factors were found to be reliable and showed good convergent validity. The non-significant correlations between perceived challenge and the Big Five personality traits agreeableness and neuroticism indicated good discriminant validity. The criterium validity of this measure was good as well. The positive stimulation dimension in particular showed to correlate high with employees’ work attitudes. This measure of perceived challenge seems useful for research and practice.

Psychometric Evaluation of the Comprehensive Score for Financial Toxicity Scale Among Iranian Cancer Patients

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeed Pahlevan Sharif ◽  
Ong Fon Sim ◽  
Mozhgan Moshtagh ◽  
Navaz Naghavi ◽  
Hamid Sharif Nia
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Financial Distress ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Indirect Costs ◽  
Measurement Model ◽  
Financial Toxicity ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Measurement

Abstract Objective This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of financial toxicity (COST) scale in a sample of cancer patients in Iran. Methods A total of 398 cancer patients completed a demographic questionnaire and the 11-item Persian COST. Performing a Maximum likelihood exploratory factor analysis, extracted three factors of financial worry (four items), financial distress (three items) and direct and indirect cost of control (three items) accounting for 65.204% of the variance. The highest load was related to financial distress and the lowest was related to direct and indirect costs concerns. Results The results of conducting confirmatory factor analysis indicated that the three-factor measurement model had a good fit. Moreover, the measurement model showed good items consistency, good construct reliability, as well as good construct validity in terms of convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusion This study highlights the importance of validating the scale in different contexts as the structure and loadings of the factors have appeared diffidently in various countries. The validated Persian COST can be used in future studies in Iran as a reliable and valid scale to measure financial toxicity among cancer patients.

The Detailed Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress–Second Edition (DAPS-2): Initial Psychometric Evaluation in an MTurk-Recruited, Trauma-Exposed Community Sample

Assessment ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 1116-1127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Petri ◽  
Frank W. Weathers ◽  
Tracy K. Witte ◽  
Madison W. Silverstein
Keyword(s):  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Psychometric Evaluation ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm 5 ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Detailed Assessment

The Detailed Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress (DAPS; Briere, 2001) is a comprehensive questionnaire that assesses posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) diagnostic criteria as well as peritraumatic responses and associated problems such as dissociation, suicidality, and substance abuse. DAPS scores have demonstrated excellent reliability, validity, and clinical utility, performing as well or better than leading PTSD questionnaires. The present study was an initial psychometric evaluation of the unreleased DAPS (DAPS-2), revised for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders–Fifth edition ( DSM-5), in an MTurk-recruited mixed trauma sample ( N = 367). DAPS-2 PTSD scale and associated features scales demonstrated high internal consistency and strong convergent and discriminant validity. In confirmatory factor analyses, the DSM-5 four-factor model of PTSD provided adequate fit, but the leading seven-factor model provided superior fit. These results indicate the DAPS-2 is a psychometrically sound measure of DSM-5 PTSD symptoms.

Factorial Structure and Convergent and Discriminant Validity of the E (Empathy) Scale

2013 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 441-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrich S. Tran ◽  
Anton-Rupert Laireiter ◽  
Christine Neuner ◽  
David P. Schmitt ◽  
Max Leibetseder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Discriminant Validity ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Confirmatory Factor Analyses ◽  
Psychological Traits ◽  
Convergent And Discriminant Validity ◽  
Scale Scores ◽  
Antisocial Attitudes

The Empathy (E) scale has been proposed as a theoretically and psychometrically more satisfying alternative to existing self-report measures of empathy. Its four scales (facets) cover both components (cognitive vs. emotional) and both reality statuses (fictitious vs. real-life) of empathy in pairwise combinations. Confirmatory factor analyses of the E-scale in an Austrian community sample ( N = 794) suggested that one prior assumption, namely the mutual orthogonality of these facets, may partly need revision; particularly, the E-scale facets seemed to reflect more strongly differences in the reality statuses than in the components of empathy. Utilizing numerous informative psychological traits, the scale's convergent and discriminant validity were examined. E-scale scores were consistently predicted by sex-related and relationship-related constructs and measures of antisocial attitudes and behavior. Among the Big Five personality dimensions, openness emerged as a major positive correlate of empathy. Sex and age were demographic correlates of E-scale scores (higher in women and the younger). Findings were discussed with regards to the definition and measurement of empathy.

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