scholarly journals What’s so great about self-control? Examining the importance of effortful self-control and temptation in predicting real-life depletion and goal attainment

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Milyavskaya ◽  
Michael Inzlicht
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Daily Diary ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personal Goal ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Bayesian Analyses

Self-control is typically viewed as a key ingredient responsible for effective self-regulation and personal goal attainment. This study used experience sampling, daily diary and prospective data collection to investigate the immediate and semester-long consequences of effortful self-control and temptations on depletion and goal-attainment. Results showed that goal attainment was influenced by experiences of temptations rather than by actively resisting or controlling those temptations. This study also found that simply experiencing temptations led people to feel depleted. Depletion in turn mediated the link between temptations and goal attainment, such that people who experienced increased temptations felt more depleted and thus less likely to achieve their goals. Critically, results of Bayesian analyses strongly indicate that effortful self-control was consistently unrelated to goal attainment throughout all analyses.

scholarly journals What’s So Great About Self-Control? Examining the Importance of Effortful Self-Control and Temptation in Predicting Real-Life Depletion and Goal Attainment

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 603-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marina Milyavskaya ◽  
Michael Inzlicht
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Daily Diary ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Personal Goal ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Bayesian Analyses

Self-control is typically viewed as a key ingredient responsible for effective self-regulation and personal goal attainment. This study used experience sampling, daily diary, and prospective data collection to investigate the immediate and semester-long consequences of effortful self-control and temptations on depletion and goal attainment. Results showed that goal attainment was influenced by experiences of temptations rather than by actively resisting or controlling those temptations. This study also found that simply experiencing temptations led people to feel depleted. Depletion in turn mediated the link between temptations and goal attainment, such that people who experienced increased temptations felt more depleted and thus less likely to achieve their goals. Critically, results of Bayesian analyses strongly indicate that effortful self-control was consistently unrelated to goal attainment throughout all analyses.

scholarly journals Predicting Delay in Goal-Directed Action: An Experience Sampling Approach Uncovering Within-Person Determinants Involved in the Onset of Academic Procrastination Behavior

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lena M. Wieland ◽  
Ulrich W. Ebner-Priemer ◽  
Matthias F. Limberger ◽  
Ulrike E. Nett
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Academic Procrastination ◽  
Electronic Diary ◽  
Academic Tasks ◽  
Directed Action ◽  
Sampling Approach

Academic procrastination involves the delayed implementation of actions required to fulfill study-related tasks. These behavioral delays are thought to result from momentary failures in self-regulation (i.e., within-person processes). Most previous studies focused on the role of trait-based individual differences in students’ procrastination tendencies. Little is known about the within-person processes involved in the occurrence of procrastination behavior in real-life academic situations. The present study applied an event-based experience sampling approach to investigate whether the onset of task-specific delay behavior can be attributed to unfavorable changes in students’ momentary appraisals of tasks (value, aversiveness, effort, expectations of success), which may indicate failures in self-regulation arise between critical phases of goal-directed action. University students (N = 75) used an electronic diary over eight days to indicate their next days’ intentions to work on academic tasks and their task-specific appraisals (n = 582 academic tasks planned). For each task, a second query requested the next day determined whether students’ task-related appraisals changed and whether they implemented their intention on time or delayed working on the respective task (n = 501 completed task-specific measurements). Students’ general procrastination tendency was assessed at baseline using two established self-report questionnaires. Stepwise two-level logistic regression analyses revealed that within-person changes in task-related appraisals that reflected a devaluation of the study-related tasks increased the risk for an actual delay. The risk to delay decreased when students maintained a positive attitude toward the task. Students’ general procrastination tendency did not predict individual differences in their task-specific delay behavior. We discuss these findings in light of the growing effort to understand the within-person processes that contribute to induce procrastination behavior under real-life academic conditions and illustrate how this knowledge can benefit the design of tasks and instructions that support students’ self-regulation to their best.

scholarly journals Chronic stress, executive functioning, and real‐life self‐control: An experience sampling study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Wolff ◽  
Sören Enge ◽  
Anja Kräplin ◽  
Klaus‐Martin Krönke ◽  
Gerhard Bühringer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Functioning ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Self Control

Self-control “in the wild”: Experience sampling study of trait and state self-regulation

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (5) ◽  
pp. 494-528 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roy F. Baumeister ◽  
Bradley R. E. Wright ◽  
David Carreon
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Experience Sampling ◽  
Self Control ◽  
In The Wild

scholarly journals Motivation and self-regulation: The role of want-to motivation in the processes underlying self-regulation and self-control

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaitlyn M. Werner ◽  
Marina Milyavskaya
Keyword(s):  
Goal Attainment ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Goal Pursuit ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Regulatory Processes ◽  
Integral Role

Research on self-regulation has largely focused on the idea of effortful self-control, which assumes that exerting willpower will lead to greater success. However, in recent years, research has challenged this perspective and instead proposes that effortless self-regulation is more adaptive for long-term goal pursuit. Taking into consideration the burgeoning literature on effortless self-regulation, here we propose that motivation – or the reasons why we pursue our goals – plays an integral role in this process. The objective of the present paper is thus to highlight how motivation can play a role in how self-regulation unfolds. Specifically, we propose that pursuing goals because you want-to (vs. have-to) is associated with better goal attainment as a function of experiencing less temptations and obstacles. While the reason why want-to motivation relates to experiencing fewer obstacles has yet to be thoroughly explored, here we propose some potential mechanisms drawing from recent research on self-regulation. We also provide recommendations for future research, highlighting the importance of considering motivation in the study of self-regulatory processes.

scholarly journals The role of «I-concept» in a construction of life perspectives in the juvenile age

HUMANITARIUM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-153
Author(s):  
Diana Chyzhma
Keyword(s):  
Self Regulation ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Life Strategy ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Juvenile Age ◽  
The Future ◽  
Life Path ◽  
Personal Behavior

The article presents a theoretical analysis and an empirical study of the «I-concepts» in building a life program of the personality of youth, his life plans, which determine the order of actions necessary for actualization of the life goals as the main guidelines of the life path in the future. The peculiarities of manifestation of the «I-concept», as one of the components in the structure of personality, the set of attitudes on oneself, the person’s perception of himself, and its role in determining the life perspective in the student youths are highlighted. The qualitative descriptions of the levels of expressiveness of the generalized facilities with a respect to the life strategy of the «I-concept» development in personality of a juvenile age «I am the past», «I am the present one» and «I am the future» are given. It is stated that in the basis of the construction of a life perspective and «I-concept» lies the mechanism of reflection, as the ability to realize the own existence, to see himself and a personal behavior from the side with the purpose of self-control and self-regulation in order to increase the own efficiency. The results of the study, presented in the article, show that the «I-concept» of youth is directly intertwined with the process of a life perspective constructing, since the image of the future is shaped by the content-oriented attitudes and expectations built on the real life achievements. The development of personality in all its cultured forms (communication, behavior, activity, deeds) is under the determining situational influence of the «I-concept», the meaning of which is to ensure the harmony of the mental world of a man, the balanced formation of his personality – individuality in achieving maximum internal consistency and effectiveness. It has been found that students who are actively developing in their professional activities have more resources in building a life perspective, put forward both close and distant goals and direct their own efforts to realization of the realistic dreams.

Percutaneous Tracheostomy: A Multidisciplinary Approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinciya Pandian ◽  
Thai Tran Nguyen ◽  
Marek Mirski ◽  
Nasir Islam Bhatti
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Multidisciplinary Approach ◽  
Percutaneous Tracheostomy ◽  
Johns Hopkins Hospital ◽  
Prospective Data ◽  
Comprehensive Service ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The techniques of performing a tracheostomy has transformed over time. Percutaneous tracheostomy is gaining popularity over open tracheostomy given its advantages and as a result the number of bedside tracheostomies has increased necessitating the need for a Percutaneous Tracheostomy Program. The Percutaneous Tracheostomy Program at the Johns Hopkins Hospital is a comprehensive service that provides care to patients before, during, and after a tracheostomy with a multidisciplinary approach aimed at decreasing complications. Education is provided to patients, families, and health-care professionals who are involved in the management of a tracheostomy. Ongoing prospective data collection serves as a tool for Quality Assurance.

Parasympathetic Concomitants of Habitual, Spontaneous, and Instructed Emotional Suppression

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 78-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asmir Gračanin ◽  
Igor Kardum ◽  
Jasna Hudek-Knežević
Keyword(s):  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Experimental Manipulation ◽  
Task Demands ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Integration Model ◽  
Sinus Arrhythmia ◽  
Emotional Suppression ◽  
Emotion Experience ◽  
Similar Relation

Abstract. The neurovisceral integration model proposes that different forms of self-regulation, including the emotional suppression, are characterized by the activation of neural network whose workings are also reflected in respiratory sinus arrhythmia (RSA). However, most of the previous studies failed to observe theoretically expected increases in RSA during emotional suppression. Even when such effects were observed, it was not clear whether they resulted from specific task demands, a decrease in muscle activity, or they were the consequence of more specific self-control processes. We investigated the relation between habitual or trait-like suppression, spontaneous, and instructed suppression with changes in RSA during negative emotion experience. A modest positive correlation between spontaneous situational and habitual suppression was observed across two experimental tasks. Furthermore, the results showed greater RSA increase among participants who experienced higher negative affect (NA) increase and reported higher spontaneous suppression than among those with higher NA increase and lower spontaneous suppression. Importantly, this effect was independent from the habitual suppression and observable facial expressions. The results of the additional task based on experimental manipulation, rather than spontaneous use of situational suppression, indicated a similar relation between suppression and RSA. Our results consistently demonstrate that emotional suppression, especially its self-regulation component, is followed by the increase in parasympathetic activity.

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