Collaboration in the context of integration: a Social Dominance Experiment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard M Groen

How does one go about asking for opinions from participants about ‘health and social care integration’? As this ‘concept of integration’ is relatively vague and ambiguous. Indeed, in an earlier project we found that people that work in the social care sector really favoured closer collaboration, whereas healthcare colleagues really did not care much about such collaboration. This impression is merely anecdotal in nature, how does one tease out an individual’s preference for collaboration. In short, we have decided to use the empathy scale from the well- established Social Dominance Orientation scales, to use as a proxy for ‘willingness to collaborate’. Essentially, the assumption made here is; if a participant indicates a higher level of empathy then they are more likely to collaborate with others. It follows from this assumption that those more likely to collaborate are more like to want to integrate. It is this logic that has been applied to the creation of this experiment and we anticipate that this will be a contentious point. We would like to point out that, even though on its own, this may be a precarious assumption to make. However, this experimental study should be seen in light of the wider dissertation and the wider study design context in which it operates.

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  

The aim of this study is to develop a scale compatible with current animal ethics studies to measure the phenomenon of speciesism, that is marginalization of animals and prejudice and discrimination against animals. In order to develop the Ambivalent Speciesism Scale, an item pool was created by examining the animal ethics literature and social psychology studies on human-animal relations, and then the items were edited by taking the opinions of people studying animal rights and experts in measurement and evaluation in psychology. The scale is designed in 7-point Likert type. The trial form was applied to the participants together with the Speciesism Scale, the Social Dominance Orientation Scale and the Basic Empathy Scale. Participants were selected from individuals representing different lifestyles in the context of animal use, using the snowball sampling technique. The study was conducted with 288 participants; 64 men, 217 women and, 7 of whom are not of both genders. While there were 24 items in the trial form of the scale, nine of these items were eliminated as a result of the factor analysis. The final form of the scale with 15 items has a high reliability (.90). The items of the scale are divided into three dimensions: belief in human superiority, protective speciesism, and speciesism in language. It was determined that the scores obtained from the scale were in positive correlation with the scores obtained from the other scale measuring speciesism and the social dominance orientation scale, as expected. The scores obtained from the scale are distributed as expected among the groups that include lifestyles related to animal use. These data were evaluated as findings showing the validity of the scale. Keywords Speciesism, ambivalent speciesism scale, animal rights, discrimination, animal ethics


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Fischer ◽  
Quentin Atkinson ◽  
Ananish Chaudhuri

This chapter provides an overview of studies that use incentivised experiments to study political ideology. We look first at studies that conceptualise political ideology along a unidimensional liberal-conservative spectrum and explore whether there are behavioural differences between liberals and conservatives. While recent studies find that liberals display more pro-sociality, many other studies find that liberals and conservatives display similar levels of pro-social, ingroup-biased, normative, and punitive behaviour. We then turn to experiments that study two-dimensional political ideology as embodied in the concepts of economic conservatism/progressivism (often measured with the Social Dominance Orientation scale) and social conservatism/progressivism (usually measured with the Right-Wing Authoritarianism scale). In such experiments, economic conservatives display lower levels of pro-sociality and universalism and greater tolerance of inequality and tendencies to harm outgroups. Social conservatives tend to display “groupishness”, including distrusting anonymous strangers, cooperating with ingroup members, following rules, punishing in the ultimatum game, and sometimes harming outgroups.


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daeeun Kim ◽  
JuYoung Kim ◽  
Hackjin Kim

Why would people conform more to others with higher social positions? People may place higher confidence in the opinions of those who rank higher in the social hierarchy, or they may wish to make better impressions on people of higher social status. We investigated how individual preferences for novel stimuli are influenced by the preferences of others in the social hierarchy and whether anonymity affects such preference changes. After manipulation of their social rank, participants were asked to indicate how much they liked or disliked a series of images. Then, they were shown the rating given to each image by a partner (either inferior or superior in social rank) and were given a chance to adjust their ratings. The participants were more likely to change their preferences to match those of a superior partner in the public vs. private condition. The tendency to conform to the views of the superior partner was stronger among those with higher social dominance orientation (SDO) and those with greater fear of negative evaluation (FNE) by others. Altogether, the findings suggest that the motivation to make better impressions on people of higher social status can be the major driver of conformity to others with higher social positions.


2012 ◽  
pp. 234-244
Author(s):  
Nicoletta Pavesi

This paper gives an account of a part of a wider research carried out on 12 italian Regions by title Experimental project of monitoring, evaluation and dissemination of knowledge on governance and national plans, regional and area plans within the policies of inclusion. In particular, it analizes the dimension of professional integration, both at the regulatory and daily practice levels. It clearly appears the shared conviction at the various levels for the need to operate in a way that is ever more oriented to integration, in so far as it represents a strategic means of welfare construction for citizens. In addition, in some regions testimonies of positive integration have been collected, especially in the field of non-self-sufficiency. Naturally, there are many difficulties that often make integration a practice entrusted to the goodwill of the health care professionals, rather than a process fully integrated in a system of policies and services.


2021 ◽  
Vol 00 (00) ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Valerie Visanich ◽  
Toni Attard

Recently, the notion of arts as therapy has been of growing interest to sociologists. The aim of this article is to evaluate community-based arts funded projects in terms of their priorities and effectiveness and discuss possibilities for enabling Arts on Prescription schemes in Malta. Thematically, this article explores discourse on the potential of the arts on promoting well-being. Methodologically, this article draws on primary data collected from focus groups, interviews and an online survey with project leaders and artists of funded arts projects targeting mental health, disability or old age. Specifically, this research evaluates all national funded community-based arts projects in Malta between 2014 to 2018 under a national scheme of the President’s Award for Creativity fund, managed by the national Arts Council Malta. Analysis of this data was used to inform the new national cultural policy on the implantation of the Arts on Prescription scheme in Malta.


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