scholarly journals Increased Conformity to Social Hierarchy Under Public Eyes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daeeun Kim ◽  
JuYoung Kim ◽  
Hackjin Kim
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Negative Evaluation ◽  
Fear Of Negative Evaluation ◽  
The Public ◽  
Individual Preferences ◽  
The Social

Why would people conform more to others with higher social positions? People may place higher confidence in the opinions of those who rank higher in the social hierarchy, or they may wish to make better impressions on people of higher social status. We investigated how individual preferences for novel stimuli are influenced by the preferences of others in the social hierarchy and whether anonymity affects such preference changes. After manipulation of their social rank, participants were asked to indicate how much they liked or disliked a series of images. Then, they were shown the rating given to each image by a partner (either inferior or superior in social rank) and were given a chance to adjust their ratings. The participants were more likely to change their preferences to match those of a superior partner in the public vs. private condition. The tendency to conform to the views of the superior partner was stronger among those with higher social dominance orientation (SDO) and those with greater fear of negative evaluation (FNE) by others. Altogether, the findings suggest that the motivation to make better impressions on people of higher social status can be the major driver of conformity to others with higher social positions.

Behaviour and productivity of pigs in groups composed of disproportionate numbers of littermates

1997 ◽  
Vol 77 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. W. Gonyou
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Social Status ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
The Other ◽  
Once Daily ◽  
The Social ◽  
Entire Experiment ◽  
Daily Gain

Forty litters of eight pigs each were paired by age and weight and re-grouped at the beginning of a 12-wk grower/finisher period. Each pair of litters was assigned to two pens, with two pigs from one litter (Minority) and six pigs from the other (Majority) in each pen. Four pairs of litters were removed from the experiment due to loss of pigs from injury or poor health. Agonistic encounters following re-grouping were used to rank each Minority pig and to classify it as being within the Dominant or Subordinate half of the social hierarchy. Minority pigs within a pen tended to obtain similar social ranks (within two ranks in 20 of 30 pens; P < 0.05), but were as likely to be Dominant as Subordinate (11 vs. 9 pairs, respectively). The activity and position of all pigs were sampled once daily, 5 days a week. One Minority pig was designated as the focal pig for these observations. The second Minority pig was more likely to be engaged in the same activity as the focal pig than were Majority pigs (P < 0.01), and would lie closer to the focal pig than would the Majority pigs (P < 0.01). There were no differences in the proportion of Majority and Minority pigs which were removed from the experiment due to injuries, nor in the type of injuries requiring their removal. Examination of all pigs at the mid-point of the study revealed some evidence of injury on the head, ears, shoulders, back, flanks, ramp and tail of 76, 75, 87, 90, 91 and 95% of the pigs, respectively, but no differences between Majority and Minority pigs in location or severity of injuries. Average daily gain for the entire experiment was 775 g d−1, and did not differ between Majority and Minority pigs during any 2-wk period of the study. It is concluded that littermates continue to associate with each other after re-grouping and that they attain similar social status. However, the litter with the largest number of pigs present does not consistently achieve social dominance or a competitive advantage manifested in improved weight gain. Key words: Pigs, littermates, re-grouping, social status

scholarly journals PENDIDIKAN DAN KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL

HUMANIKA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurtanio Agus Puwanto
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Public Institution ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
Foreign Intervention ◽  
Life Pattern ◽  
Limited Scale

Education is it doesn't matter always closely related with social life. That thing is in limited scale earned we to see as interaction of school with public around and education in society itself. In public laymen looks into someone based on it’s the social status, like level of it’s (the economics social, education even material properties owned).In public is recognized also social institution as an order applied at one particular certain public. Institution of Social is life pattern standard reference a public so that always adhered by group of the public. If some acquitted outside institution embraced a public hence people or the group will be assumed impinges institution which has been specified. Talks about institution of social don’t get out of development of culture happened in public.Cultural development hardly influenced by public patterned thinking formed by education obtained, experience of public individual or group of people, foreign intervention and change of internal area and external happened.

scholarly journals Social dominance mediates behavioral adaptation to chronic stress in a sex-specific manner

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stoyo Karamihalev ◽  
Elena Brivio ◽  
Cornelia Flachskamm ◽  
Rainer Stoffel ◽  
Mathias V Schmidt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Behavioral Outcomes ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Behavioral Adaptation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Specific Manner ◽  
Behavioral Monitoring ◽  
Influence Behavior

Sex differences and social context independently contribute to the development of stress-related disorders. However, less is known about how their interplay might influence behavior and physiology. Here we focused on social hierarchy status, a major component of the social environment in mice, and whether it influences behavioral adaptation to chronic stress in a sex-specific manner. We used a high-throughput automated behavioral monitoring system to assess social dominance in same-sex, group-living mice. We found that position in the social hierarchy at baseline was a significant predictor of multiple behavioral outcomes following exposure to chronic stress. Crucially, this association carried opposite consequences for the two sexes. This work demonstrates the importance of recognizing the interplay between sex and social factors and enhances our understating of how individual differences shape the stress response.

scholarly journals Ambivalent Speciesism Scale: Development, Validity and Reliability

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Animal Rights ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Animal Ethics ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Orientation Scale ◽  
Animal Use

The aim of this study is to develop a scale compatible with current animal ethics studies to measure the phenomenon of speciesism, that is marginalization of animals and prejudice and discrimination against animals. In order to develop the Ambivalent Speciesism Scale, an item pool was created by examining the animal ethics literature and social psychology studies on human-animal relations, and then the items were edited by taking the opinions of people studying animal rights and experts in measurement and evaluation in psychology. The scale is designed in 7-point Likert type. The trial form was applied to the participants together with the Speciesism Scale, the Social Dominance Orientation Scale and the Basic Empathy Scale. Participants were selected from individuals representing different lifestyles in the context of animal use, using the snowball sampling technique. The study was conducted with 288 participants; 64 men, 217 women and, 7 of whom are not of both genders. While there were 24 items in the trial form of the scale, nine of these items were eliminated as a result of the factor analysis. The final form of the scale with 15 items has a high reliability (.90). The items of the scale are divided into three dimensions: belief in human superiority, protective speciesism, and speciesism in language. It was determined that the scores obtained from the scale were in positive correlation with the scores obtained from the other scale measuring speciesism and the social dominance orientation scale, as expected. The scores obtained from the scale are distributed as expected among the groups that include lifestyles related to animal use. These data were evaluated as findings showing the validity of the scale. Keywords Speciesism, ambivalent speciesism scale, animal rights, discrimination, animal ethics

scholarly journals Experiments in political psychology

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Fischer ◽  
Quentin Atkinson ◽  
Ananish Chaudhuri
Keyword(s):  
Social Dominance ◽  
Political Ideology ◽  
Ultimatum Game ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Right Wing Authoritarianism ◽  
The Social ◽  
Orientation Scale ◽  
The Right ◽  
Social Conservatism

This chapter provides an overview of studies that use incentivised experiments to study political ideology. We look first at studies that conceptualise political ideology along a unidimensional liberal-conservative spectrum and explore whether there are behavioural differences between liberals and conservatives. While recent studies find that liberals display more pro-sociality, many other studies find that liberals and conservatives display similar levels of pro-social, ingroup-biased, normative, and punitive behaviour. We then turn to experiments that study two-dimensional political ideology as embodied in the concepts of economic conservatism/progressivism (often measured with the Social Dominance Orientation scale) and social conservatism/progressivism (usually measured with the Right-Wing Authoritarianism scale). In such experiments, economic conservatives display lower levels of pro-sociality and universalism and greater tolerance of inequality and tendencies to harm outgroups. Social conservatives tend to display “groupishness”, including distrusting anonymous strangers, cooperating with ingroup members, following rules, punishing in the ultimatum game, and sometimes harming outgroups.

scholarly journals Determinants Of Dominance, Resting Place And Neighbour Preferences In Wrzosówka Polska Ewes Kept Indoors

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 365-375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcin T. Górecki ◽  
Natalia Dziwińska
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Social Behaviour ◽  
Aggressive Behaviour ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Social Position ◽  
Physical Contact ◽  
Use Of Space ◽  
The Social

Abstract The aim of this study was to recognize features determining social hierarchy in Wrzosówka Polska ewes kept indoors as well as to investigate their resting place and companionship preferences. Observations (156 hours in total) were carried out in a group of 22 ewes. The social rank of sheep was determined by their age, body weight and length of horns. Social position was positively correlated with aggressive behaviour performed and negatively with aggressive behaviour received. Use of space while resting was influenced by ewe social behaviour; aggressive individuals lied more often in attractive places, namely against walls and fodder troughs compared to other animals. In general, the ewes rested by having physical contact with animals of similar rank and aggressiveness. Kinship appeared not to be important in neighbour preference. As can be concluded, social interactions influenced the use of space and neighbourhood in ewes

Social Dominance and Leadership

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Martin ◽  
Yotam Heineberg
Keyword(s):  
Transformational Leadership ◽  
Social Dominance ◽  
Business Students ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Social Dominance Orientation ◽  
Belief System ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Leadership Capacity ◽  
Negative Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship

Leadership is usually a mandatory component of business education. Here we used the model of transformational leadership, and operationalized leadership consistently with the Values in Action Leadership scale. Social dominance orientation is a hierarchical belief-system that attributes social rank, ranging from high to low. Business students have been found to have higher levels of Social Dominance Orientation (SDO. Accordingly, 371 working business students were sampled to establish the relationship between SDO and transformational leadership capacity. The mediational impact of compassion was assessed. This study found high levels of competitive and hierarchical world conceptualization was significantly and sometimes strongly negatively linked to these constructs (Martin et al., 2014). We also discuss preliminary results of an interpersonal compassion-based intervention. The research suggests the opportunity to broaden psychological well-being of employees with impactful interventions, since negative behaviors within an institution can raise healthcare costs and lower job performance.

scholarly journals The effects of familiarity and social hierarchy on group membership decisions in a social fish

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyndon A. Jordan ◽  
Marian Y. L. Wong ◽  
Sigal S. Balshine
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Decision Process ◽  
Group Membership ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Group Living ◽  
Social Hierarchy ◽  
Trade Off ◽  
The Social ◽  
Potential Benefits ◽  
Complex Decision

Members of animal groups face a trade-off between the benefits of remaining with a familiar group and the potential benefits of dispersing into a new group. Here, we examined the group membership decisions of Neolamprologus pulcher , a group-living cichlid. We found that subordinate helpers showed a preference for joining familiar groups, but when choosing between two unfamiliar groups, helpers did not preferentially join groups that maximized their social rank. Rather, helpers preferred groups containing larger, more dominant individuals, despite receiving significantly more aggression within these groups, possibly owing to increased protection from predation in such groups. These results suggest a complex decision process in N. pulcher when choosing among groups, dependent not only on familiarity but also on the social and life-history consequences of joining new groups.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document