scholarly journals You have to follow through: Attaining behavioral change goals predicts volitional personality change

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan W. Hudson ◽  
Daniel A Briley ◽  
William J. Chopik ◽  
Jaime Derringer
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Behavioral Challenges ◽  
Intensive Longitudinal Design ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Over Time

Prior research has found that people’s desires to change their personality traits predict corresponding subsequent trait growth over time. However, few studies have examined the processes via which people can volitionally change their personality traits. Thus, it remains unclear whether merely desiring change predicts trait growth or whether actively pursuing change is necessary. The present study was a 15-week intensive longitudinal design that tested whether engaging in trait-typical behaviors predicted trait change. Participants provided self-report ratings of their personality traits and were able to freely accept and complete weekly “challenges”—prewritten behavioral goals that would pull their thoughts, feelings, and behaviors in line with their desired traits. Results indicated that merely accepting behavioral challenges did not predict trait changes. Rather, only actually completing challenges (i.e., performing trait-typical behaviors) predicted trait change over time. Thus, merely wanting to change does not appear to be sufficient to evoke trait growth; successfully changing one’s personality traits may require actively and successfully implementing behaviors to change oneself.

Personality change and sustainability attitudes and behaviors

2021 ◽  
pp. 089020702110162
Author(s):  
Christopher J Hopwood ◽  
Ted Schwaba ◽  
Taciano L Milfont ◽  
Chris G Sibley ◽  
Wiebke Bleidorn
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Age Cohorts ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

Withstanding the climate crisis will depend in part on individuals behaving in a more environmentally sustainable manner. However, relatively little is known about the individual factors that promote sustainable attitudes and behaviors (SABs). Although there are established cross-sectional associations between personality traits and SABs, it is unclear whether changes in personality are related to increases in SABs over time, and how personality is differentially related to specific SABs. Using data from 61,479 participants in New Zealand, we tested preregistered hypotheses about how personality codevelops with valuing the environment, believing in climate change, concern about climate change, personal environmental efficacy, personal environmental sacrifice, and support for the Green Party. We found that SABs generally increased from 2009 to 2017, although there was variation across age cohorts, SAB variables, and samples. We replicated concurrent correlations between broad personality traits—particularly Agreeableness, Openness, and Honesty/Humility—and SABs and present novel evidence that increases in SAB are related to changes in traits, particularly Agreeableness. These findings have implications for both understanding the factors associated with changes in SABs over time and understanding the factors that drive personality change.

Personality change and environmental concerns

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher James Hopwood ◽  
Ted Schwaba ◽  
Wiebke Bleidorn
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Personality Change ◽  
Environmental Concerns ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
German Population ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Sustainable Behavior ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

Personal concerns about climate change and the environment are a powerful motivator of sustainable behavior. People’s level of concern varies as a function of a variety of social and individual factors. Using data from 58,748 participants from a nationally representative German sample, we tested preregistered hypotheses about factors that impact concerns about the environment over time. We found that environmental concerns increased modestly from 2009-2017 in the German population. However, individuals in middle adulthood tended to be more concerned and showed more consistent increases in concern over time than younger or older people. Consistent with previous research, Big Five personality traits were correlated with environmental concerns. We present novel evidence that increases in concern were related to increases in the personality traits neuroticism and openness to experience. Indeed, changes in openness explained roughly 50% of the variance in changes in environmental concerns. These findings highlight the importance of understanding the individual level factors associated with changes in environmental concerns over time, towards the promotion of more sustainable behavior at the individual level.

Using behavioural manifestations of dynamic risk factors to assess change in incarcerated sexual offenders

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Tamara Sweller ◽  
◽  
Stuart Thomas ◽  
Michael Daffern ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Sexual Offenders ◽  
Social Adjustment ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Dynamic Risk Factors ◽  
Dynamic Risk ◽  
Measure Change ◽  
Over Time

This study investigated change in behavioural manifestations of dynamic risk factors, in a sample of adult male sexual offenders who completed a custody-based treatment program. A checklist was developed to monitor and determine change in the frequency of behavioural manifestations of dynamic risk factors and prosocial equivalent behaviours. Offenders and custodial staff completed the checklist once each week for the duration of the offender’s period of treatment (range = 26-69 weeks, M = 45). Checklist scores were aggregated into domains based on the organisation of the Risk for Sexual Violence Protocol (Psychological Adjustment; Social Adjustment; Mental Disorder; Manageability). Change over time for individuals and the group was evaluated. Results showed an increase in positive behaviour in all domains, but there was only a decrease in risk-related manifestations in Psychological Adjustment, and this was only according to offenders. Offender self-report and staff observations were compared, revealing different perceptions of change. Using a behavioural checklist that incorporates self-report and observer data to measure change may provide a comprehensive measure of change over time.

Sensing Behavioral Change over Time

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Weichen Wang ◽  
Gabriella M. Harari ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Sandrine R. Müller ◽  
Shayan Mirjafari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Trends and Contributing Factors of the Change of HIV Prevalence Over Time Among Reproductive Age Group Women in Ethiopia Evidenced by Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) Data: a Cross-sectional Study: Multivariate Decomposition Analysis.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilkal Negesse ◽  
Dereje Alemayehu ◽  
Melsew Setegn ◽  
Abebaw Addisu ◽  
Wondimagegn Wondimu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Change ◽  
Decomposition Analysis ◽  
Hiv Prevalence ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
The World ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Abstract Background: Human immunodeficiency virus remains the leading cause of morbidity and mortality throughout the world. At the beginning of the epidemic, around 76.1 million people were infected and 32 million people died from AIDS-related illnesses in the world. Sub-Saharan Africa regions are the most affected regions and accounted for 67% of HIV infections worldwide, and 72% of the world’s AIDS-related deaths.Objective: To show trends and contributing factors for the change of HIV prevalence over time among reproductive age group women in Ethiopia.Methods: This study was conducted based on Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys data. A total of 10423 in 2005, 15153 in 2011, and 14159 in 2016 women were involved in the study. Multivariate decomposition analysis was performed using the mvdcmp Stata package to identify the contributing factors of change of HIV prevalence over time. The 95% confidence interval was used for the test of significance. Results: This study showed that 90.4 % of the change in HIV prevalence over time was attributable to behavioral change over time, particularly in women who were rural residents and not exposed to media. The behavioral change of women who live in rural areas was the major factor for the decline of HIV for the last ten years. The behavioral change of women who hadn’t exposure to media contributed 98.4% to the decline of HIV prevalence over the past ten years.Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV among reproductive age group women in Ethiopia was significantly declined over the last ten years and the decline was due to behavioral change over time. The major factor for the reduction of HIV prevalence overtime was the behavioral change of rural resident women. Therefore Ethiopian government should primarily focus on the strengthening and scaling up of behavioral change packages related to HIV prevention and control methods.

How Personality Traits Change Over Time

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wiebke Bleidorn ◽  
Marla Bonner
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Over Time

Abstract P165: Trends in Diabetes by Socioeconomic Status between 1999-2010: National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mercedes R Carnethon ◽  
Peter John D De Chavez ◽  
Laura J Rasmussen-Torvik ◽  
Veronica Womack ◽  
Kiarri Kershaw
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
National Health ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Socioeconomic Disparities ◽  
Survey Period ◽  
Change Over Time ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Over Time

Background: Diabetes (DM) is more common among adults with lower socioeconomic status (SES). However, it is not known whether the socioeconomic disparities in DM are obscured by the overall rising prevalence of DM. Our objective was to test whether disparities in diabetes by SES have changed between 1999 and 2010. Methods: Participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys aged > 20 years with data available to determine DM at each examination were included (n= 11,952). DM was determined as fasting glucose ≥126 mg/dL or self-report of DM medication use. Educational attainment was used to represent SES and categorized into 4 groups. Predictive marginal probabilities from logistic regression models were used to calculate the age-standardized prevalence of DM by educational category across 3 survey periods (1999-2002, 2003-2006, 2007-2010). We tested whether the relationship of SES with DM changed over time using interaction terms between education and survey period. Results: The age-standardized prevalence of diabetes was 8.5% (95% CI: 7.3-9.7) in 1999-2002, 9.6% (95% CI: 8.4-10.7) in 2003-2006 and 11.3% (95% CI: 10.0-12.5) in 2007-2010. In each survey period, DM prevalence was highest among adults with the least education (p<0.01) and that relationship did not change over time (p=0.50 for education*year). When we stratified by race/ethnicity, non-Hispanic whites and blacks had the same socioeconomic patterning over time as the total population (Figure). However, education was not associated with DM in Mexican Americans, and this did not change over time. Conclusion: Socioeconomic disparities in DM persist over time; however, the inverse gradient in DM prevalence is not present in Mexican Americans.

Materialism and Drinking Motives: Examining the Longitudinal Associations in an Undergraduate Sample

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-164
Author(s):  
Ishaq Malik ◽  
Elaine Toombs ◽  
Aislin R. Mushquash ◽  
Daniel S. McGrath ◽  
Christopher J. Mushquash
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Use ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Sensation Seeking ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Drinking Motives ◽  
Risky Drinking ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drinking To Cope

Alcohol use is common among individuals attending university and frequent use is associated with several negative effects. It is therefore important to assess individual difference factors preceding alcohol use. Materialism, a value one holds that prioritizes status through the acquisition of money and possessions, has received minimal research focus in relation to alcohol use and has predominantly been examined using cross-sectional designs (i.e., data collected at one time point). The present study was the first to test the association between materialism, risky drinking motives (i.e., motives preceding alcohol use associated with increased consumption and related problems), and risky personality traits (i.e., stable characteristics associated with frequent substance use and related problems) using a short-term longitudinal design. Undergraduate student drinkers (N = 317) completed self-report questionnaires at baseline and follow-up (2 weeks later). Hierarchical regression analyses found that greater levels of materialism significantly predicted each drinking motive while controlling for risky personality traits. Materialism significantly predicted drinking to cope with depression when controlling for trait hopelessness (β = .16, p = .014), drinking to cope with anxiety while controlling for anxiety sensitivity (β = .11, p = .024), and drinking for enhancement while controlling for sensation seeking (β = .24, p < .001). Results provide evidence that materialism is associated with risky drinking motives, which may inform prevention and treatment efforts for problematic use among undergraduate students.

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