scholarly journals Trinity Review: Integrating registered reports with ethics and research funding reviews

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Mori ◽  
Kaito Takashima ◽  
Kohei Ueda ◽  
Kyoshiro Sasaki ◽  
Yuki Yamada
Keyword(s):  
Research Funding ◽  
Review System ◽  
Full Paper ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
Scientific Ethics ◽  
Research Plan ◽  
High Exhaustion ◽  
The Trinity

One major source of high exhaustion for researchers is the redundant paperwork of three different documents (research papers, applications for ethics review, and applications for research grants) for the same research plan. These similar documents are submitted to three different organizations, each with its own format, and independently peer-reviewed three times. This is a wasteful and redundant process for researchers. Here, we propose a trinity review that integrates scientific, ethics, and research funding reviews. In our proposed trinity review system, scientific and ethics reviews are undertaken concurrently for a pre-experimental research protocol. When the protocol is accepted in principle through these review processes, a funding review will occur, and researchers will conduct their studies. After experiments or surveys, the scientific review will be conducted for a completed version of the paper including results and discussions (i.e., the full paper) again, and the full paper will be published after it has passed the second review. This paper provides a detailed explanation of the operation of the trinity review system and discusses the positive impacts and solutions to difficulties in its implementation.

scholarly journals Validity of russian science policy’s instruments: what the world’s experience says?

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-39
Author(s):  
Vitaly L. Tambovtsev
Keyword(s):  
Science Policy ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Public Accountability ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Research Organizations ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Scientific Results ◽  
Mainstream Science

Basing on the analysis of large number of studies revealing the mainstream science policy’s consequences the paper shows that Russian state science policy includes the instruments preventing achieving the pronounced goals. It is established that at least following components are scientifically groundless: chosen mechanisms for increase public accountability of science; intentions to apply competitive research funding ubiquitously; tendency to concentrate research at the universities, and perform it mainly by efforts of professors; trend to amalgamate research organizations. The results of empiric research from different countries shows that in reality society’s accountability is bureaucrats’ accountability. Competitive research funding decrease probability of innovative researches that are far from mainstreams. Coercion of all academics to publish research papers especially in high-sited journals decrease time for increase lectures quality. Amalgamation of research organizations increase co-ordination costs, and not results to higher value scientific results.

scholarly journals Mapping the Global Cancer Research Funding Landscape

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Schmutz ◽  
Claire Salignat ◽  
Daria Plotkina ◽  
Amandine Devouassoux ◽  
Teresa Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Research ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Wide Spectrum ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Noncommunicable Diseases ◽  
A Priori Knowledge ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Strategic Intelligence ◽  
Mapping Exercise

Abstract Background Global investment in research on noncommunicable diseases is on the rise. Cancer as primus inter pares draws particular interest from a wide spectrum of research funders. Next to the private, governmental, and academic sectors, philanthropy has carved out a sizeable area in the funding landscape over the last 25 years. Previous reports describing cancer research funding have looked at the volume of investment in cancer research but have paid little attention to building strategic intelligence on funders. Moreover, these efforts have focused primarily on well-resourced organizations, neglecting a large number of players with less-developed finances. Methods In this article, we combined gnostic data acquisition with agnostic bibliometrics to establish a comprehensive map of the global cancer research funding landscape. The analysis of funding acknowledgments from cancer research papers used in this exercise is a “bottom-up” method that provides a broader perspective on the variety of actors involved. It does not rely on a priori knowledge, nor does it require funders’ support for access to the data. Results Using this approach, we have identified a total of 4693 organizations from 107 countries engaged in funding cancer research today. Conclusions This is the largest mapping exercise performed to date and should serve as a knowledge base for future analyses and comparisons aimed at understanding the dynamics and priorities of global cancer research funding.

Dynamics of Indian Forensic Science Research

2018 ◽  
pp. 125-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. John Jeyasekar
Keyword(s):  
Forensic Science ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Science Research ◽  
The United States ◽  
Forensic Sciences ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Prolific Author ◽  
University Of Texas ◽  
Funding Agencies

Science and technology are continuously changing as new discoveries and inventions are made. Research funding agencies, project directors, and individual researches need to keep a tab on these dynamics. This chapter tracks the research directions of forensic science for a period of thirty-eight years starting from 1975. Data for the analysis was obtained from SCOPUS bibliographic and citation database. Over the study period there was an exponential growth of forensic science literature and documentation. The United States of America contributed about one fourth of the research papers published while the most prolific author was Bruce Budowle (University of Texas). The majority of the contributors were from the non-governmental sector. The Journal of Forensic Sciences was the most productive journal during the study period in terms of number of published papers. It was also found that internationally collaborated papers attracted more citations.

scholarly journals The Role of Modified Chitosan in Bone Engineering in Diabetes Mellitus: Analytical Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bolshakov IN ◽  
Levenets AA ◽  
Patlataya NN ◽  
Nikolaenko MM ◽  
Dmitrienko AE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Of Science ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Modified Chitosan ◽  
The Past ◽  
Main Emphasis ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Chitosan Biopolymer ◽  
Reconstruction Of Bone Defects

The review is devoted to the state of the problem during the reconstruction of bone defects in the maxillofacial region, topical issues of the mechanisms of biopolymers action, mainly chitosan, during stimulation of angiogenesis and osteogenesis under conditions of the formation of bone cavities of critical size in the maxillofacial area, as well as under conditions of the development of an inflammatory process with Mellitus diabetes. In the analysis of research papers, the international information bases Web of Science, Scopus, PMC free article, PubMed, Google Scholar were used, mainly over the past 12 years. The main emphasis in the scientific review is placed on the points of application of the chitosan biopolymer in the implementation of already known signaling pathways for the regulation of osteogenesis. Studies have shown that chitosan, as an independent polymer, and especially chitosan copolymers, play an important role in the regulation of osteoblastogenesis and angiogenesis, reducing the osteoclastic response, preventing osteomalacia of the alveolar ridge, accelerating the formation of a new well-vascularized bone.

scholarly journals Using context-dependent DEA to analyze the efficiency of highly funded scientists in China

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyu Xiang ◽  
Haiming Liang ◽  
Zhaoxia Guo ◽  
Yucheng Dong
Keyword(s):  
Research Funding ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Career Length ◽  
Learning Path ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Research Plan ◽  
Research Efficiency

AbstractFunding inputs and research outputs have always been two central issues in the science of science. In recent decades, research funding plays an increasingly important role in scientific research. Thus, it is progressively significant for management authorities to measure the research efficiency of highly funded scientists, which can be helpful for them to make effective policies. However, few researchers use quantitative analysis to study these issues. To promote the research in this field, we begin with collecting a dataset. This dataset contains research funding and other information from 345 highly funded scientists in Mainland China. Next, we use the dataset to measure the efficiency of highly funded scientists based on the data envelopment analysis. In this way, highly funded scientists are placed into several levels according to their research inputs and outputs. We also give their attractiveness and progress scores compared to other grades. The learning path for less efficient scientists is also provided. We find that highly funded scientists have relatively high efficiency in three kinds of projects, such as the Major Research Plan. Besides, the career length and career start year are demonstrated to have a limited impact on the highly funded scientists. These patterns are beneficial for the development of the scientific community and management authorities to make policies.

Origin of the alternate bright/dark contrast in HREM images of hexagonal crystals, particularly 6H-SiC

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 914-915
Author(s):  
J.S. Bow ◽  
R.W. Carpenter ◽  
M.J. Kim
Keyword(s):  
High Resolution ◽  
Incident Beam ◽  
Hexagonal Crystal ◽  
Detailed Explanation ◽  
Similar Character ◽  
High Resolution Images ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Zigzag Shape ◽  
Hexagonal Crystals ◽  
Dark Contrast

A prominent characteristic of high-resolution images of 6H-SiC viewed from [110] is a zigzag shape with a period of 6 layers as shown in Fig.1. Sometimes the contrast is same through the 6 layers of (0006) planes (Fig.1a), but in most cases it appears as in Fig.1b -- alternate bright/dark contrast among every three (0006) planes. Alternate bright/dark contrast is most common for the thicker specimens. The SAD patterns of these two types of image are almost same, and there is no indication that the difference results from compositional ordering. O’Keefe et al. concluded this type of alternate contrast was due to crystal tilt in thick parts of the specimen. However, no detailed explanation was given. Images of similar character from Ti3Al, which is also a hexagonal crystal, were reported by Howe et al. Howe attributed the bright/dark contrast among alternate (0002) Ti3Al planes to phase shifts produced by incident beam tilt.

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