The Influence of Bias on the Outcome of Prospective versus Retrospective Cephalometric Twin-Block Trials

Objective: This was to investigate whether a retrospective study inflates or deflates the treatment response compared to a prospective study.

Using Computational Fluid Dynamics to Evaluate the Role of Air Purification in Reducing Fallow Time in Dentistry

In dentistry, fallow time is a period which allows for airborne pathogens to settle out of the air and mitigate the risk of airborne infection transmission to dental professionals and staff. The current recommendation is a one-hour period.

Correlation of Signs and Symptoms of Temporomandibular Disease with Bolton Index

Objective: The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the correlation between the Bolton Index (tooth size discrepancy TSD) and signs and symptoms of temporomandibular disorder (TMD).

Effects of Delayed Tooth Brushing on Enamel Surface Roughness after Home Bleaching

Objective: Few studies have evaluated the effects of daily oral hygiene procedures on enamel surface roughness after bleaching. This study aimed to further assess the changes in enamel surface roughness after bleaching with 15% carbamide peroxide, followed by tooth brushing at three different time intervals (immediately, 1 h, and 2 h after bleaching). We hypothesized that the enamel surface roughness of the bleached teeth would not be affected by delayed tooth brushing after bleaching.

Which Factors have an Impact on the Retention of Cemented Crowns on Implant Abutments? A Literature Review

Background: The review presents the scientific state of the art in the field of cementation of crowns on implants. Because semipermanent cements have been specially developed for the cementation of crowns on implants, the question arises whether this cement group offers an advantage compared to other available and widely used cements in everyday clinical practice. Various factors play a role on the retentive strength of superstructures on implants and should therefore be taken into account in this review.

Effect of Energy Drinks on Color Stability of Different Restorative Materials

Background: The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effect of finishing/polishing procedures on color stability of three restorative materials: Nano-hybrid resin composite (NRC), silver glass ionomer cement (SGI), and resin-modified glass ionomer cement (RMGI) exposed to different staining of energy drinks: Barbican, Bison, and Red bull.

Literature Review of the Concepts of Condylar Resorption, Incidences during Orthodontic and after Orthognathic Surgery and Treatment Measures

Condylar resorption and its incidence at an early age or after orthognathic surgery are well-documented issues, but it is associated with high controversies regarding its etiology and management. Lack of clear understanding of its pathogenies and the limitation of the available evidence inherited for the development of a systematic treatment approach and most previous studies recommended further investigation of the problem. This review aims to cover the problem of condylar resorption and its association with orthodontic and orthognathic surgery as well as to discuss the prospective treatment measure available through the literature. According to the available literature, most previous studies covered the condylar resorption of this type of patient (skeletal class II with high mandibular plane angle) following the orthognathic surgery. However, no studies investigated the long-term condition of the condyles of the involved patient before the surgery. Furthermore, there is no evidence for the orthodontic management of this challenging condition, and most recommendations come from case reports. So, it is crucial to assess the changes that happened to the condyle during the preoperative orthodontic and correlate the finding with what happened after the surgery to provide clear evidence that may help further understand the problem of condylar resorption. This evidence could be beneficial for both patients and clinicians. CT or CBCT images have been regarded as the best choice of detailed diagnosis and investigation of condylar resorption. The incidence of condylar resorption after orthognathic surgery with or without disc repositioning of skeletal class II with high mandibular plane angle is extremely suspected. However, artificial joint replacement is considered a gold standard treatment measure in severe or relapsed cases.

Incoming Flow Lamination Increases the Efficiency of Aerosolized Medication Delivery to 3D Oral Mucosal Tissue Models

Background: Inhalable medication devices on the market deliver aerosolized drugs in a turbulent flow, which in complex interaction with oropharyngeal geometry causes the major portion of the drug to deposit locally, while creating significant obstacles for reaching the lower lungs. The unintended deposition of aerosolized medications in the oropharynx is known to have negative effects on oral health. The emergence of numerous new aerosolized medications on the market is very likely to add significantly to the list of side effects. We hypothesized that lamination of the outflow by sequentially subdividing the aerosol flow within the spacer into smaller sub-flows using internal septi of different lengths will improve the delivery of the aerosol to distant targets while reducing its deposition in anterior aspects of the airways, especially in oropharyngeal cavity.

Comparative Study of Bacterial Growth Inhibitory Effect of Three Types of Mouthwashes Marketed in Japan Containing Povidone Iodine, Benzethonium Chloride, and Chlorhexidine Gluconate by Bacterial Culture

Purpose: Pathogenic microorganisms in saliva are thought to be a major cause of surgical site infection in patients who have undergone surgery for head and neck or upper digestive tract cancers, and a common cause of postoperative pneumonia and aspiration pneumonia in elderly people. Gargling with a mouthwash containing an antiseptic agent is recommended to control salivary pathogen populations, but it is not clear which antiseptic agents are most effective. The purpose of this study is to examine the potencies of three antiseptic mouthwashes marketed in Japan against salivary bacteria.