scholarly journals Political Socialization in New Democracies: Legacies of Repression and Pre-Democratic Partisanship

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Domike Blackman ◽  
Nicholas Lotito ◽  
Elizabeth Nugent ◽  
Daniel L Tavana
Keyword(s):  
Political Attitudes ◽  
New Democracies ◽  
Family Socialization ◽  
State Repression ◽  
Old Regime ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Democratic Elections

Family socialization is a key mechanism for the transmission of political attitudes and behaviors. Work in developed democracies highlights the role of family socialization in the stability of partisanship across generations. But what of family socialization in new democracies? In this paper, we develop a framework for understanding how experiences with state repression and the process of family socialization influence new democracies after transition from authoritarian rule. In doing so, we combine findings from established literature on processes of family socialization with political psychological work on how repression crystallizes political identities. We examine how individual-level experiences of state repression shape political participation and partisanship in Tunisia, an important and rare contemporary case of successful (and still ongoing) democratic transition. Drawing on a nationally representative survey conducted in 2017, we find evidence that Tunisian citizens whose family and community members who were arrested are more likely to vote in subsequent democratic elections and to vote against the old regime. While individuals who were arrested under the previous authoritarian regime are less likely to turn out to vote, in line with research on the demobilizing effects of repression, those that do vote are strong partisans and are more likely to vote for the former opposition and anti-old regime parties. This paper lays out a broader project on how the different socialization processes in authoritarian regimes affect political attitudes and behaviors after democratization.

The Danish Political Twin Study: Political Traits in Danish Twins and the General Population

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Klemmensen ◽  
Sara B. Hobolt ◽  
Peter T. Dinesen ◽  
Axel Skytthe ◽  
Asbjørn Sonne Nørgaard
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Sample Size ◽  
Twin Study ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Danish Population ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Danish Twin

We compare a recent Danish twin survey on political attitudes and behaviors to a nationally representative survey covering similar topics. We find very similar means and variances for most of our constructed scales of political attitudes and behaviors in the two surveys, although even small differences tend to be statistically significant due to sample size. This suggests that the twin study can be used to make inferences on the heritability of several political traits in the Danish population.

Process Preferences and American Politics: What the People Want Government to Be

2001 ◽  
Vol 95 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Hibbing
Keyword(s):  
Direct Democracy ◽  
American Politics ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Important Variable ◽  
Present Evidence ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
The People ◽  
Public Approval ◽  
And Behaviors

We present evidence of the kind of governmental processes Americans would like to see in Washington. People believe they have been excluded from current processes, but they do not want direct democracy. The extent to which individuals believe actual processes are inconsistent with their own process preferences is an important variable in understanding the current public mood. Moreover, individual-level differences in level of dissatisfaction with democratic processes help explain variations in public approval of government and in willingness to comply with the outputs of government. Of course, many political attitudes and behaviors are influenced by fondness for the policies that government produces, but it is also the case that sentiments and actions are affected by the way government produces those policies. Far from being merely a means to a policy end, governmental process is important in its own right.

scholarly journals Political attitudes vary with detection of androstenone

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Amanda Friesen ◽  
Mike Gruszczynski ◽  
Kevin B. Smith ◽  
John R. Alford
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Biological Traits ◽  
Primary Reason ◽  
Odor Detection ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
Growing Body ◽  
And Behaviors

AbstractBuilding on a growing body of research suggesting that political attitudes are part of broader individual and biological orientations, we test whether the detection of the hormone androstenone is predictive of political attitudes. The particular social chemical analyzed in this study is androstenone, a nonandrogenic steroid found in the sweat and saliva of many mammals, including humans. A primary reason for scholarly interest in odor detection is that it varies so dramatically from person to person. Using participants’ self-reported perceptions of androstenone intensity, together with a battery of survey items testing social and political preferences and orientations, this research supports the idea that perceptions of androstenone intensity relate to political orientations—most notably, preferences for social order—lending further support to theories positing the influence of underlying biological traits on sociopolitical attitudes and behaviors.

Education and the Curious Case of Conservative Compromise

2019 ◽  
pp. 106591291986650
Author(s):  
James M. Glaser ◽  
Jeffrey M. Berry ◽  
Deborah J. Schildkraut
Keyword(s):  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Body Politic ◽  
Democratic Governance ◽  
The Body ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Political Compromise ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

“Education,” notes Philip Converse, “is everywhere the universal solvent.” Whatever the ill of the body politic, many believe that greater education improves the condition. Much scholarship explores the impact of education on political attitudes and behaviors, but scholars have not examined the relationship of education to support for political compromise. This is especially topical, as compromise between parties seems harder than ever to achieve, yet compromise is necessary for democratic governance. We examine whether higher levels of education lead to support for compromise and find that education does matter, but the relationship is conditional. For liberals and moderates, more education promotes greater support for compromise. For conservatives, those with more education are not more likely to support compromise than those with less education. We argue that for conservatives, education matters for compromise support, but it also leads to better understanding of bedrock ideological principles that inhibit approval of compromise.

scholarly journals Mass Media and Political Socialization: Chile, 1970-2000

2005 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 127-156
Author(s):  
Amy Walter
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Study Abroad ◽  
Undergraduate Student ◽  
Political Socialization ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Student Research ◽  
Research Project ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Study Abroad Program

This article presents an undergraduate student research project on the effect of the mass media on political attitudes and behaviors in Chile between the years 1970 and 2000 conducted on a study abroad program in Chile.

scholarly journals Alignment of values and political orientations amplifies climate change attitudes and behaviors

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Keith Smith ◽  
Lynn M. Hempel
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Policy Support ◽  
Human Values ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Individual Values ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Political Orientations ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Climate Change Attitudes

Anthropogenic climate change presents an immediate threat, necessitating a rapid shift in climate change relevant behaviors and public policies. A robust literature has identified a number of individual-level determinants of climate change attitudes and behaviors. In particular, political orientations and self-transcendent values are amongst the most consistent and substantive predictors. But, political orientations and individual values do not operate in isolation of each other, and rather are deeply related constructs. Accordingly, this analysis focuses on identifying the direct and interactive effects of political orientations and human values on climate change attitudes and behaviors. Adopting cross-national data from 16 Western European states (2016 ESS), we find that when in alignment, the effect of human values on climate change concern and policy support is amplified by political orientations. The moderating effect of political orientations is most substantive for self-transcendence (positive) and conservation (negative) values.

International Ethical Attitudes and Behaviors

2010 ◽  
pp. 55-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dave Yates ◽  
Albert Harris
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Security Policy ◽  
Data Access ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Ethical Attitudes ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Attitudes And Behaviors ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
And Behaviors

Organizational information security policy must incorporate organizational, societal, and individual level factors. For organizations that operate across national borders, cultural differences in these factors, particularly the ethical attitudes and behaviors of individuals, will impact the effectiveness of these policies. This research looks at the differences in attitudes and behaviors that exist among five different countries and the implications of similarities and differences in these attitudes for organizations formulating information security policies. Building on existing ethical frameworks, we developed a set of ethics scenarios concerning data access, data manipulation, software use, programming abuse, and hardware use. Using survey results from 599 students in five countries, results show that cultural factors are indicative of the differences we expected, but that the similarities and differences among cultures that should be taken into account are complex. We conclude with implications for how organizational policy makers should account for these effects with some specific examples based on our results.

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