scholarly journals Non-local muscle fatigue effects on muscle strength, power, and endurance in healthy individuals: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Behm ◽  
Shahab Alizadeh ◽  
Saman Hadjizedah Anvar ◽  
Courtney Hanlon ◽  
Emma Ramsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Performance Outcomes ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Interval Estimate ◽  
Fatigue Protocol ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Local Muscle Fatigue

Objective: To examine whether non-local muscle fatigue occurs following performance of a fatiguing bout of exercise of a different muscle(s).Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.Search and Inclusion: A systematic literature search using a Boolean search strategy was conducted with PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar in April 2020 and was supplemented with additional ‘snowballing’ searches up to September 2020. To be included in our analysis, studies had to include at least one intentional performance measure (i.e., strength, endurance, or power), which if reduced could be considered evidence of muscle fatigue, and also had to include the implementation of a fatiguing protocol to a location (i.e., limb or limbs) that differed to those for which performance was measured. We excluded studies that measured only mechanistic variables such as electromyographic, or spinal/supraspinal excitability. After search and screening, 52 studies were eligible for inclusion including 57 groups of participants (median sample = 11) and a total of 303 participants.Results: The main multilevel meta-analysis model including all effects sizes (278 across 50 clusters [median = 4, range = 1 to 18 effects per cluster) revealed a trivial point estimate with high precision for the interval estimate (-0.02 [95%CIs = -0.14 to 0.09]), yet with substantial heterogeneity (Q(277) = 642.3, p < 0.01), I2 = 67.4%). Subgroup and meta-regression analyses showed that NLMF effects were not moderated by study design (between vs. within-participant), homologous vs. heterologous effects, upper or lower body effects, participant training status, sex, age, the time of post-fatigue protocol measurement, or the severity of the fatigue protocol. However, there did appear to be an effect of type of outcome measure where both strength (0.11 [95%CIs = 0.01 to 0.21]) and power outcomes had trivial effects (-0.01 [95%CIs = -0.24 to 0.22]), whereas endurance outcomes showed moderate albeit imprecise effects (-0.54 [95%CIs = -0.95 to -0.14]).Conclusions: Overall, the findings do not support the existence of a general NLMF effect; however, when examining specific types of performance outcomes there may be an effect specifically upon endurance-based outcomes (i.e., time to task failure). However, there are relatively fewer studies that have examined endurance effects or mechanisms explaining this possible effect, in addition to fewer studies including women or younger and older participants, and considering causal effects of prior training history through the use of longitudinal intervention study designs. Thus, it seems pertinent that future research on NLMF effects should be redirected towards these still relatively unexplored areas.

scholarly journals Non-local Muscle Fatigue Effects on Muscle Strength, Power, and Endurance in Healthy Individuals: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
David G. Behm ◽  
Shahab Alizadeh ◽  
Saman Hadjizedah Anvar ◽  
Courtney Hanlon ◽  
Emma Ramsay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Local Muscle Fatigue

scholarly journals Slow and Steady, or Hard and Fast? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Studies Comparing Body Composition Changes between Interval Training and Moderate Intensity Continuous Training

Sports ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 155
Author(s):  
James Steele ◽  
Daniel Plotkin ◽  
Derrick Van Every ◽  
Avery Rosa ◽  
Hugo Zambrano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
English Language ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Interval Training ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Interval Estimate ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Main Model

Purpose: To conduct a systematic review and multilevel meta-analysis of the current literature as to the effects of interval training (IT) vs moderate intensity continuous training (MICT) on measures of body composition, both on a whole-body and regional level. Methods: We searched English-language papers on PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, CINAHL, and sportrxiv for the following inclusion criteria: (a) randomized controlled trials that directly compared IT vs MICT body composition using a validated measure in healthy children and adults; (b) training was carried out a minimum of once per week for at least four weeks; (c) published in a peer-reviewed English language journal or on a pre-print server. Results: The main model for fat mass effects revealed a trivial standardized point estimate with high precision for the interval estimate, with moderate heterogeneity (−0.016 (95%CI −0.07 to 0.04); I2 = 36%). The main model for fat-free mass (FFM) effects revealed a trivial standardized point estimate with high precision for the interval estimate, with negligible heterogeneity (−0.0004 (95%CI −0.05 to 0.05); I2 = 16%). The GRADE summary of findings suggested high certainty for both main model effects. Conclusions: Our findings provide compelling evidence that the pattern of intensity of effort and volume during endurance exercise (i.e., IT vs MICT) has minimal influence on longitudinal changes in fat mass and FFM, which are likely to minimal anyway. Trial registration number: This study was preregistered on the Open Science Framework.

scholarly journals How effective is teamwork really? The relationship between teamwork and performance in healthcare teams: a systematic review and meta-analysis

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e028280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan B. Schmutz ◽  
Laurenz L. Meier ◽  
Tanja Manser
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Clinical Performance ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Performance Measure ◽  
Task Type ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Expert Rating ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectivesTo investigate the relationship between teamwork and clinical performance and potential moderating variables of this relationship.DesignSystematic review and meta-analysis.Data sourcePubMed was searched in June 2018 without a limit on the date of publication. Additional literature was selected through a manual backward search of relevant reviews, manual backward and forward search of studies included in the meta-analysis and contacting of selected authors via email.Eligibility criteriaStudies were included if they reported a relationship between a teamwork process (eg, coordination, non-technical skills) and a performance measure (eg, checklist based expert rating, errors) in an acute care setting.Data extraction and synthesisModerator variables (ie, professional composition, team familiarity, average team size, task type, patient realism and type of performance measure) were coded and random-effect models were estimated. Two investigators independently extracted information on study characteristics in accordance with Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines.ResultsThe review identified 2002 articles of which 31 were included in the meta-analysis comprising 1390 teams. The sample-sized weighted mean correlation wasr=0.28 (corresponding to an OR of 2.8), indicating that teamwork is positively related to performance. The test of moderators was not significant, suggesting that the examined factors did not influence the average effect of teamwork on performance.ConclusionTeamwork has a medium-sized effect on performance. The analysis of moderators illustrated that teamwork relates to performance regardless of characteristics of the team or task. Therefore, healthcare organisations should recognise the value of teamwork and emphasise approaches that maintain and improve teamwork for the benefit of their patients.

scholarly journals The effect of rapamycin treatment on cerebral ischemia: A systematic review and meta-analysis of animal model studies

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J Beard ◽  
Gina Hadley ◽  
Neal Thurley ◽  
David W Howells ◽  
Brad A Sutherland ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Cerebral Ischemia ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Mammalian Target Of Rapamycin ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Mtor Inhibition ◽  
Rapamycin Treatment

Background Amplifying endogenous neuroprotective mechanisms is a promising avenue for stroke therapy. One target is mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), a serine/threonine kinase regulating cell proliferation, cell survival, protein synthesis, and autophagy. Animal studies investigating the effect of rapamycin on mTOR inhibition following cerebral ischemia have shown conflicting results. Aim To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluating the effectiveness of rapamycin in reducing infarct volume in animal models of ischemic stroke. Summary of review Our search identified 328 publications. Seventeen publications met inclusion criteria (52 comparisons: 30 reported infarct size and 22 reported neurobehavioral score). Study quality was modest (median 4 of 9) with no evidence of publication bias. The point estimate for the effect of rapamycin was a 21.6% (95% CI, 7.6%–35.7% p < 0.01) improvement in infarct volume and 30.5% (95% CI 17.2%–43.8%, p < 0.0001) improvement in neuroscores. Effect sizes were greatest in studies using lower doses of rapamycin. Conclusion Low-dose rapamycin treatment may be an effective therapeutic option for stroke. Modest study quality means there is a potential risk of bias. We recommend further high-quality preclinical studies on rapamycin in stroke before progressing to clinical trials.

scholarly journals Tensiomyography Variable Trend of Changes After Acute Muscle Fatigue Induced by Acute Exercise: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Seunghyeok Yeom ◽  
Hyungwoo Lee ◽  
Kyoungkyu Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Rectus Femoris ◽  
Biceps Femoris ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Maximum Displacement

Abstract Tensiomyography (TMG) has advantage in measuring fatigue. However, no studies have used a meta-analysis approach to analyze the trend of changes in TMG variables for acute muscle fatigue induced by an acute exercise. This study is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to establish criteria for measuring acute fatigue using TMG by quantifying trend of changes in TMG variables. Searches were conducted in Web of Science and Pubmed from December 6, 2020 to January 7, 2021. 16 studies were included that they used in TMG for measuring acute muscle fatigue that was caused by acute exercises in rectus femoris or biceps femoris. The meta-analysis results indicated that in the biceps femoris, showed a significant (p < .05) decrease in all TMG variables of the elite athletes. Also, in the overall effects of maximum displacement and mean velocity until 90% Dm (Vc90) showed significant (p < .05) decreasing trend. In the rectus femoris, showed a significant (p < .05) decreasing trend was found for maximum displacement (Dm) in the average person, while contraction time (Tc) showed a decreasing trend in elite athletes and overall. In conclusion, acute muscle fatigue was induced decreased Dm, Tc, Vc90 in the TMG measurement after an acute exercise. These results TMG could be used as a muscle fatigue indicator and help develop a more proper protocol for testing the response of body to muscle fatigue.

scholarly journals Colchicine use in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonard Chiu ◽  
Ronald Chow ◽  
Nicholas Chiu ◽  
Chun-Han Lo ◽  
Rahul Aggarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Trial Design ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Prospective Investigation

ABSTRACTIntroductionColchicine may inhibit inflammasome signaling and reduce proinflammatory cytokines, a purported mechanism of COVID-19 pneumonia. The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to report on the state of the current literature on the use of colchicine in COVID-19 and to investigate the reported clinical outcomes in COVID-19 patients by colchicine usage.MethodsThe literature was searched from January 2019 through January 28, 2021. References were screened to identify studies that reported the effect of colchicine usage on COVID-19 outcomes including mortality, intensive care unit (ICU) admissions, or mechanical ventilation. Studies were meta-analyzed for mortality by the subgroup of trial design (RCT vs observational) and ICU status. Studies reporting an odds ratio (OR) and hazard ratio (HR) were analyzed separately.ResultsSix studies, reporting on 5,033 patients, were included in this review. Across the six studies, COVID-19 patients who had colchicine had a lower risk of mortality – HR of 0.25 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.66) and OR of 0.36 (95% CI: 0.17, 0.76). Among the three observational studies, COVID-19 patients who received colchicine had a lower risk of mortality – HR of 0.25 (95% CI: 0.09, 0.66) and OR of 0.21 (95% CI: 0.06, 0.71). Among three randomized controlled trials, the summary point estimate suggests a direction toward benefit in mortality that is not statistically significant among patients receiving colchicine versus placebo– OR of 0.49 (95% CI: 0.20, 1.24).ConclusionColchicine may reduce the risk of mortality in individuals with COVID-19. Further prospective investigation is warranted to determine the efficacy of colchicine as treatment in COVID-19 patients in various care settings of the disease.

Sildenafil for idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tyler Pitre ◽  
Muhammad Faran Khalid ◽  
Sonya Cui ◽  
Melanie C. Zhang ◽  
Renata Husnudinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Pulmonary Fibrosis ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Point Estimate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled Studies ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acute Exacerbations

Abstract Background: Patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis have a poor overall prognosis and there are few evidence based drug therapies that reduce mortality. Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess whether sildenafil reduces mortality, reduces disease progression and the adverse side effects associated with it. Methods: In this review, randomized controlled studies (RCTs) were retrieved from MEDLINE, Cochrane, and EMBASE. The primary outcome was mortality. The secondary outcomes included change in FVC, acute exacerbations and hospitalizations and adverse drug effects leading to discontinuation. We used an inverse variance random effects meta-analysis method to calculate pooled odds ratio (OR) and standardized mean difference (SMD). Results: A total of 4 studies were included. Sildenafil probably reduces mortality when compared to placebo or to standard care, [OR 0.63 (0.38,1.03), I2=0%]. Pooled results showed sildenafil does not alter the rate of change of FVC [SMD 0.02 (-0.14,0.18)], or DLCO [SMR -0.01 (-0.18,0.17)], I2=0]. Pooled results showed sildenafil may not reduce the number of hospitalizations or acute exacerbations, [OR 1.06 (0.67,1.67)], I2= 0]. There was no significant difference in drug discontinuation due to adverse effects when comparing sildenafil to the control group, [OR 0.79 (0.56, 1.11)], I2=0]. Conclusion: Sildenafil probably reduces all-cause mortality in IPF patients. More studies need to be done in order to confirm the magnitude and reliability of the point estimate.

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of Human Muscle Fatigue in Old Age

2010 ◽  
Vol 42 ◽  
pp. 824
Author(s):  
Anita Christie ◽  
Erin M. Snook ◽  
Jane A. Kent-Braun
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Muscle Fatigue ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Human Muscle ◽  
Human Muscle Fatigue
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