scholarly journals The conflict free arena? Effects of procedure of selecting local heads in large Russian cities

2021 ◽  
pp. 260-281
Author(s):  
Alexei Gilev ◽  
Irina Shevtsova
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Selection Model ◽  
Overwhelming Majority ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Local Autonomy ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Local Elites ◽  
New Model ◽  
Municipal Autonomy ◽  
Regional Authorities

Local self-government in Russia throughout its history has remained a place for constant reforming. Amendments to the federal law from 2015 introduced a new procedure of selecting local heads or mayors – through competition commissions with a subsequent vote in local assemblies. By now, this selection model has become the most widespread among Russian municipalities. There is no surprise that regional authorities encourage the introduction of this selection model as it endows them with more power over local elites. In our study, we question whether the new model of selecting municipal heads via competition leave the room for municipal autonomy? In which cases we can detect instances of administrative autonomy? To answer these questions, we rely on the new data on the voting results within municipal assemblies in 158 cases of selecting local mayors in Russian cities with population of more than 100 thousand people. The key findings stem from the regression analysis and they are as follows. Firstly, the competition procedure in big cities leaves little room for local autonomy, even in competitive cities the winning candidates receive an overwhelming majority of votes in local assemblies. Secondly, uniform voting is more widespread in mono-towns, while the development of small and medium-size business does not prevent the elite consolidation and even strengthens the loyalty of local assemblies. There is some evidence of ‘the disciplining effect’ of the so-called ‘varangian’ governors. Lastly, a more competitive electoral profile as well as the presence of local intra-elite clashes reinforces the voting diversity and autonomy of local assemblies.

Museum Preserves in the Sphere of “Cultural Tourism”: Through the Example of the Cultural Preserves of Tatarstan

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 193-198
Author(s):  
Lyudmila S. Timofeeva ◽  
Albina R. Akhmetova ◽  
Liliya R. Galimzyanova ◽  
Roman R. Nizaev ◽  
Svetlana E. Nikitina
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Art Museum ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Business Elite ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Tourist Center ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

Abstract The article studies the existence experience of historical cities as centers of tourism development as in the case of Elabuga. The city of Elabuga is among the historical cities of Russia. The major role in the development of the city as a tourist center is played by the Elabuga State Historical-Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve. The object of the research in the article is Elabuga as a medium-size historical city. The subject of the research is the activity of the museum-reserve which contributes to the preservation and development of the historical look of Elabuga and increases its attractiveness to tourists. The tourism attractiveness of Elabuga is obtained primarily through the presence of the perfectly preserved historical center of the city with the blocks of integral buildings of the 19th century. The Elabuga State Historical-Architectural and Art Museum-Reserve, which emerged in 1989, is currently an object of historical and cultural heritage of federal importance. Museum-reserves with their significant territories and rich historical, cultural and natural heritage have unique resources for the implementation of large partnership projects. Such projects are not only aimed at attracting a wide range of tourists, but also stimulate interest in the reserve from the business elite, municipal and regional authorities. The most famous example is the Spasskaya Fair which revived in 2008 in Elabuga. It was held in the city since the second half of the 19th century, and was widely known throughout Russia. The process of the revival and successful development of the fair can be viewed as the creation of a special tourist event contributing to the formation of new and currently important tourism products.

Estimating the duration of the pelagic phyllosoma phase of the southern rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii (Hutton)

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. W. Bradford ◽  
D. Griffin ◽  
B. D. Bruce
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Larval Dispersal ◽  
Settlement Patterns ◽  
Rock Lobster ◽  
Planktonic Larva ◽  
New Model ◽  
Larval Stages ◽  
Biophysical Models ◽  
Jasus Edwardsii

The phyllosoma larva of the southern rock lobster, Jasus edwardsii, is thought to be among the longest larval phases of any planktonic larva, with estimates in the literature ranging from 12 to 24 months. In the present study, we have used an extensive archive of samples (over 2800 samples with 680 phyllosoma) to refine the estimate of the duration of the pelagic phase. The distribution through the year of larval stages suggested that larvae from two separate spawning events were present in any 12-month period. Using regression analysis, we have estimated the duration of the phyllosoma phase to be 547±47.5 days (~18.2±1.6 months). A new model of J. edwardsii phyllosoma development is presented and compared with data on known hatching and settlement patterns. The new model will improve the paramiterisation of stage-specific biophysical models of larval dispersal and regional connectivity, to better inform management of the southern rock lobster fisheries.

The Role of Project Manager in SMEs for Developing New Product by E-Collaboration

2012 ◽  
Vol 433-440 ◽  
pp. 1637-1645
Author(s):  
Marjan Mohammadjafari ◽  
Ahmed Shamsuddin ◽  
Siti Zawiah Md Dawal ◽  
Hadi Zayandehroodi
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Critical Success Factors ◽  
Success Factors ◽  
New Product ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
New Model ◽  
Critical Success ◽  
Electronic Collaboration ◽  
Global Organization

The research in this paper is based seeks to understand how manufacturing companies can accomplish of their projects in the real time with less cost. This paper describes a new model using critical success factors of implementing projects in the small and medium size enterprises (SMEs). The factors in conceptual model were identified in past studies and validate from the survey by interview with 20 project management in electronic industries in Iran. Several prior researches have suggested some critical success factors for reducing time and cost in new product. These factors are departments of product, planning, procurement and design. However, none of these studies has proposed a model that specifies practices that should be undertaken to facilitate the progression to reduce time and cost in new product in SMEs. Following this, a development of a new model is supposed important to help SMEs understand what is required in order to be an effective global organization in terms of reduce time and cost by electronic collaboration (E-collaboration) through project management.

STRUCTURAL AND PERSONNEL EFFECTS OF THE NEXT STAGE OF RUSSIAN MUNICIPAL REFORMS IN THE REGIONS OF CENTRAL CHERNOZEM

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 33-37
Author(s):  
Слатинов ◽  
Vladimir Slatinov ◽  
Меркулова ◽  
Kseniya Merkulova
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Design ◽  
General Trend ◽  
City Manager ◽  
Federal Law ◽  
Central Chernozem Region ◽  
Municipal Management ◽  
The Status ◽  
Direct Elections ◽  
Regional Authorities ◽  
Central Chernozem

A package of amendments to the federal law on local self-government introduced in 2014 has had a major impact on the formation of new institutional design of local authorities. The key areas of institutional changes were the introduction of management models, excluding the direct elections of heads of municipalities by the population, at the same time endowed with the status of the heads of administrations and replacing them with a model of city manager. Legislative novels of 2015 expanded the range of models of management variability by municipalities and proposed options for the elections of heads of municipalities, authorized heads of administration and deputies, were actively used by the regional authorities for the implementation in practice of the organization of municipal management in different areas. The general trend of structural and personnel changes in the organization of the local government areas of the Central Chernozem Region is its further integration into the "vertical of power".

scholarly journals Bimodal Regression Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guillermo Domingo Martinez ◽  
Heleno Bolfarine ◽  
Hugo Salinas
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Error Term ◽  
Bimodal Distribution ◽  
New Model ◽  
Special Cases ◽  
Error Distributions ◽  
New Distribution ◽  
Skew Normal

Regression analysis is a technique widely used in different areas ofhuman knowledge, with distinct distributions for the error term. Itis the case, however, that regression models with bimodal responsesor, equivalently, with the error term following a bimodal distribution are notcommon in the literature, perhaps due to the lack of simple to dealwith bimodal error distributions. In this paper we propose a simpleto deal with bimodal regression model with a symmetric-asymmetricdistribution for the error term for which for some values of theshape parameter it can be bimodal. This new distribution containsthe normal and skew-normal as special cases. A realdata application reveals that the new model can be extremely usefulin such situations.

scholarly journals Investment Decisions And The Parallel Funding Routes: Informal savings as a new tool of funding decision in the Cameroonian SMEs

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (09) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emmanuel BEYINA
Keyword(s):  
Investment Decision ◽  
Investment Decisions ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Funding Decision ◽  
Risk Capital ◽  
New Model ◽  
Decision Delay

The criteria of the choice of investment elaborated by theoricians are based on rationality of deciders who after some work often consider two types of aids to investment decision: delay of getting back invested capital and net actualized value. Whereas other forms of aid to funding decision exist. We are proposing in the framework of this article, a new model of aid to funding decision corresponding to the new informal funding. We think that risk capital in the framework of informal funding (Ndjangi) can bring forth long-term funding as strategy, and solutions to questions of rationality of the heads of Small and Medium size Enterprise (SMEs) that prefers the delay of getting back invested capital, solutions to problems of decision of choice, and at last solutions to the quality of profitability of investments.

Predicting the Strength of Rectangular Reinforced Concrete Columns Confined with FRP Sheets

2022 ◽  
Vol 906 ◽  
pp. 17-23
Author(s):  
Ashot G. Tamrazyan ◽  
Yehia A.K. Sayed
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Concrete Columns ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Rc Columns ◽  
New Model ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Axial Compressive Strength ◽  
Frp Sheet ◽  
Good Agreement

A complete reorganization about the behavior of rectangular RC columns confined with FRP sheet is very important to predict the axial compressive strength values of the strengthened rectangular RC columns. That is because the process of strengthening RC rectangular column depending on several parameters that role this type of strengthening. These parameters include the characteristics of the used fiber, the grade of concrete and the geometry of the cross section including the rectangularity aspect ratio, corner radius, and size of specimens. Besides that, using a wide scope of experimental data may affect positively to generalize a model that considers the whole parameters affect the value of the axial strength. So, in this paper a review about parameters that affect the axial compressive strength values of rectangular RC columns was conducted. After that, based on the test results regarding FRP-confined rectangular RC columns available in the literature or conducted by the author, some existing confinement models for rectangular RC columns were assessed. Further, a new model is proposed through regression analysis of the database. A new model is proposed through regression analysis of the database. The proposed model was found to be in good agreement with the test results in the database. Finally, based on the results conclusions were drawn.

A codon model of nucleotide substitution with selection on synonymous codon usage

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Kubatko ◽  
Premal Shah ◽  
Radu Herbei ◽  
Michael Gilchrist
Keyword(s):  
Protein Production ◽  
Synonymous Codon ◽  
Error Rates ◽  
Selection Model ◽  
Substitution Model ◽  
Protein Coding ◽  
New Model ◽  
Protein Coding Genes ◽  
Codon Substitution ◽  
Yeast Genes

The quality of phylogenetic inference made from protein-coding genes depends, in part, on the realism with which the codon substitution process is modeled. Here we propose a new mechanistic model that combines the standard M0 substitution model of Yang (1997) with a simplified model from Gilchrist (2007) that includes selection on synonymous substitutions as a function of codon-specific nonsense error rates. We tested the newly proposed model by applying it to 104 protein-coding genes in brewer's yeast, and compared the fit of the new model to the standard M0 model and to the mutation-selection model of Yang and Nielsen (2008) using the AIC. Our new model provided significantly better fit in approximately 85% of the cases considered for the basic M0 model and in approximately 25% of the cases for the M0 model with estimated codon frequencies, but only in a few cases when the mutation-selection model was considered. However, our model includes a parameter that can be interpreted as a measure of the rate of protein production, and the estimates of this parameter were highly correlated with an independent measure of protein production for the yeast genes considered here. Finally, we found that in some cases the new model led to the preference of a different phylogeny for a subset of the genes considered, indicating that substitution model choice may have an impact on the estimated phylogeny.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Efficiency and Its Determinants in Croatian Hotel Industry

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 108-115
Author(s):  
Maja Pervan ◽  
Petra Babic
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Truncated Regression ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Stage Analysis ◽  
First Time

The main objective of this research was to evaluate the efficiency of Croatian hotels and provide insights into the sources of their efficiency. In order to obtain set goals, a two-stage analysis was performed on a sample of 69 large and medium-size hotels that were operating in Croatia in 2019. In the first stage of analysis, the efficiency scores of hotels were obtained by using Data envelopment analysis (DEA), whereas in the second stage of analysis, achieved efficiency coefficients were served as dependent variable in a truncated regression model in which hotel’s ownership, age, location, size and star rating were applied as independent variables. As this is the first time that efficiency of Croatian hotel industry is investigated with the application of truncated regression analysis, this research contributes to the existing literature by shading new lights on the sources of hotels’ efficiency from the perspective of a country heavily relaying on seasonal seaside tourism. Results of the research showed that all analysed variables (except age) play significant and important role in determining the achieved level of efficiency.

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