scholarly journals Analyzing the Challenges of Female Audience Participation in Iranian Stadiums

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Mohammadsaeid Kian ◽  
◽  
leila Shahbazpour ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Audience Participation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iranian Law ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Current State ◽  
Iranian History ◽  
Barriers And Challenges ◽  
Female Audience

Background and Aim: The purpose of this article is to examine the barriers and challenges for female spectators in Iranian stadiums and to provide facilitating strategies. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study with an overview of the prevailing conditions of society as well as reviewing Iranian law and referring to sports legal and legal texts. The researcher examines the fatwas of Shia authorities and the historical background of Iranian sports from 1970 to 2019, and the presence of women in stadiums in the past, and examines the conditions for collecting relevant material in this field. Results: Women were free to attend Iranian stadiums in the pre-revolutionary years, and Iranian women could freely watch national and club games, but in the post-revolutionary years, in line with the Islamic Republic's policies on the separation of women and men and the views of authorities. Shi'a imitation and religious rulings and religious issues were limited. As part of the country's overall policies on women, sport was also affected by these policies, and it seems that removing these barriers should be seen in a broader theoretical framework. Conclusion: By examining the current state of the country and examining Iranian law and referring to Iranian history from 1970 to 2019, the researcher has concluded that we do not have a law prohibiting women from entering the stadium, which is a public place. They are there to watch the matches and cheer on their favorite teamn

Quality assurance procedures in assessment - a descriptive study of medical colleges in Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nighat Murad ◽  
Syed Moyn Aly ◽  
Admin
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Item Analysis ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Assessment System ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Assessment Policy ◽  
Barriers And Challenges ◽  
Difficulty Index ◽  
Medical Colleges

Abstract Objective: Objective of the present study was to identify and describe the quality assurance procedures being implemented in assessment system of medical colleges in Pakistan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from March 2015 to December 2017 in 49 medical colleges of Pakistan, using mixed method technique. A semi-structured questionnaire was filled after informed consent. Data was analyzed by using SPSS version 21 (IBM). Results: In this study, 35(71.4%) of institutions followed a written assessment policy provided by the affiliated university, 09 (18%) never did so, 22 (44.8 %) participants reported that content experts checked if the questions matched the objectives, 17 (34.7%) reported that content expert would never/rarely check that. Majority, 42(85.7%) of institutions took strict steps to prevent cheating in exam, 26 (53.1%) institutions analyzed theory exam statistically. Discrimination index, difficulty index, reliability, and point biserial were calculated in 14(28.6%), 13(26.5%), 12(24.4%), and 7(14.3%) of the medical colleges respectively. Only 12(24.5%) of the institutions provided written feedback on the results, 15 (30.6%) institutions conducted internal audit annually. Themes belonging to assessment domain including, training for assessment, barriers and challenges, feedback and audit were identified. Conclusion: General issues related to quality assurance procedures in assessments (e.g. overall awareness about assessment policy) were in place in 60% of the colleges however, a large proportion did not have them. QA in assessments during exams was ensured by almost all medical colleges with only few exceptions. After exams QA was below average in terms of item analysis and feedback. Continuous...

The current state of active third stage management to prevent postpartum hemorrhage: a cross-sectional study

2013 ◽  
Vol 92 (11) ◽  
pp. 1277-1283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babette W. Prick ◽  
Amber A. Vos ◽  
Wim C.J. Hop ◽  
Henk A. Bremer ◽  
Eric A.P. Steegers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postpartum Hemorrhage ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Stage Management ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current State ◽  
Third Stage

SO Challenges facing local authorities in light of the Corona pandemic and its relationship with the central government in Palestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 225-237
Author(s):  
Shaher Obaid
Keyword(s):  
Central Government ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Environmental Services ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Proper Understanding ◽  
Current State ◽  
Essential Services ◽  
The Face ◽  
State Of Affairs

The research seeks to give a detailed description of the current state of affairs within the local authorities in Palestine. Notably, the issues that are explicitly addressed are how the pandemic has affected the local authorities; capacity to offer essential services to the citizens. A cross-sectional study involving senior employees at Al-Bireh Municipality, the citizens from Al-Bireh Municipality and head of the Emergency Committee in Palestinian Cities and villages was applied to help gain a proper understanding of the extent to which the pandemic has negatively impacted the local authorities’ abilities to offer services to the citizens.  The results have shown that the pandemic has limited delivery of crucial roles such as environmental services, water services, and solid waste elimination, among others. Additionally, the challenges facing the local authorities in the face of this pandemic have been highlighted as shorted finance, human resources and necessary equipment. Finally, a recommendation section is included to address some of the measures that the local authorities can implement to prevent the effects associated with the occurrence of the pandemic.

scholarly journals Feasibility of collecting and processing of COVID-19 convalescent plasma for treatment of COVID-19 in Uganda

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winters Muttamba ◽  
John Lusiba ◽  
Loryndah Olive Namakula ◽  
Pauline Byakika-Kibwika ◽  
Francis Ssali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
To Come

AbstractIntroductionEvidence that supports the use of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) for treatment of COVID-19 is increasingly emerging. However, very few African countries have undertaken the collection and processing of CCP. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of collecting and processing of CCP, in preparation for a randomized clinical trial of CCP for treatment of COVID-19 in Uganda.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, persons with documented evidence of recovery from COVID-19 in Uganda were contacted and screened for blood donation via telephone calls. Those found eligible were asked to come to the blood donation centre for further screening and consent. Whole blood collection was undertaken from which plasma was processed. Plasma was tested for transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) and anti-SARS CoV-2 antibody titers. SARS-CoV-2 testing was also done on nasopharyngeal swabs from the donors.Results192 participants were contacted of whom 179 (93.2%) were eligible to donate. Of the 179 eligible, 23 (12.8%) were not willing to donate and reasons given included: having no time 7(30.4%), fear of being retained at the COVID-19 treatment center 10 (43.5%), fear of stigma in the community 1 (4.3%), phobia for donating blood 1 (4.3%), religious issues 1 (4.4%), lack of interest 2 (8.7%) and transport challenges 1 (4.3%). The median age was 30 years and females accounted for 3.7% of the donors. A total of 30 (18.5%) donors tested positive for different TTIs. Antibody titer testing demonstrated titers of more than 1:320 for all the 72 samples tested. Age greater than 46 years and female gender were associated with higher titers though not statistically significant.ConclusionCCP collection and processing is possible in Uganda. However, concerns about stigma and lack of time, interest or transport need to be addressed in order to maximize donations.

scholarly journals CURRENT STATE TO THE QUALITY OF LIFE OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES AT HOSPITAL OF VINH YEN CITY

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hữu Thắng Nguyễn ◽  
Thị Bích Hải Nguyễn ◽  
Thị Thu Hà Nguyễn
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Poor Grade ◽  
Current State

A cross-sectional study was conducted by using the Asian Diabetes Patients questionnaire (AsianDQOL) aims to describe the quality of life of 357 357 outpatient patients with type 2 diabetes at Vinh Yen City Medical Center, Vinh Phuc in 2018. Results: On a scale of 100, the general QOL score was 62.79±7.69, the highest score was financial sector (82.02±12.2), next was mental health (81.3±21.13), diet (55,73±10,23) and physical health (45,75±23,64), the lowest score was personal relationships (31,26±12,25). Ranking the QOL status of the patients, we have: 1 st was upper-intermediate, 2 nd was low intermediate and pre-advance, the last was poor grade.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with the Current State of Food Safety Knowledge and Practices among the ‘Doi’ Workers in Bogura, Bangladesh: A Cross-sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
pp. 8-14
Author(s):  
M. S. Kayshar ◽  
M. S. Arifin ◽  
M. M. Rana ◽  
S. S. Akter ◽  
M. N. Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Safety ◽  
Dairy Product ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Training Experience ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Substantial Impact ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Current State ◽  
Safety Knowledge

'Doi,' or yogurt, is a traditional dairy product in Bangladesh. Bogura's 'Doi' is the most popular of all 'Doi' items throughout the country. The state of food safety in the 'Doi' business is of great concern because this product is consumed by a vast number of people. The current study aims to evaluate the food safety knowledge and practice of the ‘Doi’ workers in Bogura as well as the associated factors. In this cross-sectional study, 150 people participated voluntarily and answered a structured questionnaire. The final result showed that the current state of their food safety knowledge (4.7±2.9; scale=15) and practices (21.5±6.2; scale=60) was not satisfactory. It was also observed that level of education, job hours, and training experience all had a substantial impact on knowledge and practices. Participants with a high level of food safety knowledge had 5.5 times more desired food safety practices than their peers. Therefore, the current findings emphasize the need of food safety trainings, certification, and employing educated personnel in the 'Doi' sectors.

Critical Evaluation of the Efficiency of Colorectal Fellowship Websites: Cross-Sectional Study (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Yan ◽  
Katherine Jensen ◽  
Alyssa Field ◽  
Haisar E Dao Campi ◽  
Alicia Logue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Critical Evaluation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Information Index ◽  
Program Selection ◽  
Current State ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Fellowship Programs

BACKGROUND Websites are an important source of information for fellowship applicants as they can influence ongoing interest and potential program selection. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the current state of colorectal fellowship websites. METHODS This cross-sectional study evaluates the quantity and quality of information available on websites of colorectal fellowship programs verified by the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education in 2019. RESULTS A total of 63 colorectal fellowships were included for evaluation. Websites were surveyed for content items that previous study has found to be influential to program applicants. The 58 (91%) programs with a functional website were evaluated using an information index (calculated as a function of availability of content items concerning education, application, personnel, and benefits) and an interactive index (calculated as a function of accessibility and usability of the webpage). Programs had a median total score of 27.8 (interquartile range 21.5-34.5) out of 79. The median score for interactive index was 7.5 out of 15 and information index was 20 out of 64. The median scores for website application, education, personnel, and benefits or life considerations were 5, 5.5, 3.3, and 4 out of 13, 24, 13, and 14, respectively. There was no difference in total score between programs in different geographical regions. CONCLUSIONS Currently, colorectal surgery fellowship program websites do not provide enough content for applicants to make informed decisions. All training programs regardless of specialty should evaluate and improve their digital footprint to ensure their websites are accessible and provide the information desired by applicants.

scholarly journals Feasibility of collecting and processing of COVID-19 convalescent plasma for treatment of COVID-19 in Uganda

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. e0252306
Author(s):  
Winters Muttamba ◽  
John Lusiba ◽  
Loryndah Olive Namakula ◽  
Pauline Byakika-Kibwika ◽  
Francis Ssali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Donation ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Center ◽  
Blood Collection ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Religious Issues ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
To Come

Introduction Evidence that supports the use of COVID-19 convalescent plasma (CCP) for treatment of COVID-19 is increasingly emerging. However, very few African countries have undertaken the collection and processing of CCP. The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of collecting and processing of CCP, in preparation for a randomized clinical trial of CCP for treatment of COVID-19 in Uganda. Methods In a cross-sectional study, persons with documented evidence of recovery from COVID-19 in Uganda were contacted and screened for blood donation via telephone calls. Those found eligible were asked to come to the blood donation centre for further screening and consent. Whole blood collection was undertaken from which plasma was processed. Plasma was tested for transfusion transmissible infections (TTIs) and anti-SARS CoV-2 antibody titers. SARS-CoV-2 testing was also done on nasopharyngeal swabs from the donors. Results 192 participants were contacted of whom 179 (93.2%) were eligible to donate. Of the 179 eligible, 23 (12.8%) were not willing to donate and reasons given included: having no time 7(30.4%), fear of being retained at the COVID-19 treatment center 10 (43.5%), fear of stigma in the community 1 (4.3%), phobia for donating blood 1 (4.3%), religious issues 1 (4.4%), lack of interest 2 (8.7%) and transport challenges 1 (4.3%). The median age was 30 years and females accounted for 3.7% of the donors. A total of 30 (18.5%) donors tested positive for different TTIs. Antibody titer testing demonstrated titers of more than 1:320 for all the 72 samples tested. Age greater than 46 years and female gender were associated with higher titers though not statistically significant. Conclusion CCP collection and processing is possible in Uganda. However, concerns about stigma and lack of time, interest or transport need to be addressed in order to maximize donations.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Risk Factors Among Women With Osteoporosis

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 239-243
Author(s):  
Dalibor Stajic ◽  
Sandra Zivanovic ◽  
Ana Miric ◽  
Marija Sekulic ◽  
Nela Djonovic
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Bone Fractures ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
T Score ◽  
Current State ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population

Abstract Osteoporosis is a progressive bone disorder that can be influenced by many different factors. A cross-sectional study has been conducted with the aim to assess the prevalence of risk factors as well as to identify the possible causes of improvement of the disease. Th e study population consisted of 97 women older than 35 who had previously been diagnosed with osteoporosis. Dualenergy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) scan was used to determine bone mineral density (BMD) in order to assess the current state of the disease. Th e participants were asked to complete a standardized IOF (International Osteoporosis Foundation) questionnaire. According to BMD measurements, 24.7% of women had normal bone density while 18.6% had T-score lower than -2.5. Th ere was a statistically significant correlation between T-score and the history of previous bone fractures. Besides, a relatively high prevalence of certain risk factors (such as underweight, early menopause, oophorectomy, thyroid and parathyroid disorders etc.) was observed in woman with osteoporosis

scholarly journals Is sedentary behavior an intervening factor in the practice of physical activity in the elderly?

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 472-479 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel Vicentini de Oliveira ◽  
Maria do Carmo Correia de Lima ◽  
Gustavo Vinicius do Nascimento de Oliveira ◽  
Sônia Maria Marques Gomes Bertolini ◽  
José Roberto Andrade do Nascimento Júnior ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Structural Equations ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Current State ◽  
The City

Abstract Objective: the present study aimed to analyze the association between current sedentary behavior and the practice of physical activity among elderly persons in the city of Maringá in the state of Paraná. Method: a cross-sectional study of 970 elderly subjects was carried out, using the International Physical Activity Questionnaire. Results: the modeling of structural equations revealed that the sedentary behavior has a significant effect (p <0.05) on the activities moderate and vigorous activities, explaining 3% and 4% of the variability of these variables. Specifically, it has been found that increased sedentary behavior has a (β = 0.13) and negative on vigorous activities (β = -0.21). Conclusion: the current state of sedentary behavior has a significant effect on moderate and vigorous activities.

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