A morphometric study on the articulating facets of talus in North Indian population

Background: Morphometry of talus will be helpful for radiologists, orthopaedicians and surgeons for diagnosis and treatment of talar fractures and making bone prosthesis. Aims and Objectives: The purpose of our study is to do a morphometric analysis of talus to facilitate orthopedicians in planning surgeries for subtalar implants and foot prostheses. This will be of great use to forensic anthropologists. Materials and Methods: For the study, 60 dry adult human tali (24 left and 26 right) were obtained from the Department of Anatomy, SGT Medical College, Budhera. The morphometry of talar surfaces was done using a digital caliper accurate to 0.01 mm and data was recorded. Results: The mean values of medial, central and lateral length on the trochlear surface were 27.0cm, 28.1cm, 27.4cm on right side and 29.4cm, 27.0cm, 29.1cm on left side. Mean anterior, central and posterior widths on the trochlear surface were 27.6cm, 26.2cm, 21.1cm on right side and 27.0cm, 24.0cm, 23.1cm on left side. The mean central height and width on the lateral articular surface was 26.2 cm and 21.9 cm on the right side respectively and 23.0 cm and 16.8 cm on the left side respectively. The mean central height and central width on the medial articular surface was 13.6 cm and 25.9 cm on the right side respectively and 10.8cm and 17.9 cm on the left side respectively. Conclusions: The current study would be helpful as an important tool for reconstruction surgeries of hindfoot deformities and foot reconstruction procedures. Also it would be useful to orthopaedicians to design accurate talus bone prosthesis and talar implants. Morphometry of talus will be of use in objective categorization and racedetermination for forensic purposes.

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Morphometric Study of Axis Vertebra in Subjects of Indian Origin

International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences ◽

10.18311/ijmds/2018/18911 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 1615 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Jasveen Kaur ◽

Kamaljeet Kaur ◽

Poonam Singh ◽

Ajay Kumar

Keyword(s):

Transverse Process ◽

Morphometric Study ◽

Transverse Diameter ◽

Medical College ◽

Axis Vertebra ◽

Graph Paper ◽

Indian Origin ◽

Mean Width ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right

Background: The axis vertebra, exhibits complex and extensive variability in the morphology and there are vital neurovascular structures in its proximity. Knowledge of this variability is important for neurosurgeons, orthopaedicians, otorhynologists and other physicians who in everyday practice are in contact with disorders of the spine and their consequences.Objective: The aim was to evaluate various morphometric dimensions of axis vertebrae and to compare with the available data.Material and Methods: 50 dried human axis vertebrae of Indian origin, available in the Department of Anatomy, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana were studied. Various dimensions were taken with vernier calipers, metric scale and graph paper. The dimensions were measured in millimetres and statistically analysed with paired t-test.Results: The mean of maximum anteroposterior diameter (max.APD) and maximum transverse diameter (max.TD) of Superior Articular Facet (SAF) was measured as 17.42mm±1.73 and 15.31mm±1.44 on the right side, 17.64mm±1.51 and 15.17mm±1.48 on left side. The mean Distance from Lateral most edge of SAF to Midline was measured as 22.56mm ± 2.37 and 22.40mm ± 2.16 on the right and left sides, respectively. The mean Distance from Tip of Transverse Process to Midline was 26.45mm ± 2.85 on the right and 26.03mm ± 2.64 on the left side. The mean Height of Dens was measured as 13.83mm ± 1.52, mean Width of Dens as 9.57mm ± 0.85. Width of Pedicle was measured as 10.52mm ± 1.99 and 10.61mm ± 1.67on right and left sides, respectively.Conclusion: The knowledge of these dimensions can provide useful information for safe planning of osseous fixation.

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A STUDY OF THE DIMENSIONS OF HUMAN ACETABULUM IN THE DRY HIP BONES OF SOUTH KERALA POPULATION

10.36106/ijar/2702747 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 11-14

Author(s):

Rani Raphael M ◽

Sajey P. S. ◽

Rajad. R ◽

Varghese P. D

Keyword(s):

Indian Population ◽

Hip Prosthesis ◽

Human Anatomy ◽

Morphological Data ◽

Male And Female ◽

Medical College ◽

The Mean ◽

Kerala State ◽

The Right ◽

Anatomical Parameters

Introduction: In human anatomy the acetabulum is a cavity on the lateral aspect of the hip-bone. The purpose of this study is to record the depth and diameter of the acetabulum cavity to accumulate morphological data helpful for anthropologists, Forensic medicine experts and orthopedicians. Materials And Methods: The study was done on 88 adult human hip bones (42 right and 46 left) collected from Department of Anatomy, Govt.T.D Medical College, Alappuzha, Kerala state. The diameters and maximum depth were measured using digital vernier calliper. The measurements were compared with other studies in the world. The mean diam Results: eter of acetabulum was 48.08 ± 3.21mm, 44.16 ± 2.60 mm in male and female respectively. The mean ± S.D value of depth was 29.11± 2.37 and 27.20± 2.01 mm. in male and female respectively. The correlation between depth and diameter was signicant only in the right male hip bones. There is signicant variation in the Conclusion: anatomical parameters of hip bone between different Indian population groups. The data from this study may be used for designing population specic hip prosthesis.

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Morphological and Morphometric Study of the Supratrochlear Foramen

Journal of Morphological Sciences ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1660487 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 35 (01) ◽

pp. 54-57

Author(s):

F.A. Silva ◽

T.S. Silva ◽

P.R.F.B. Souza ◽

R.S. Reis ◽

M.R.S. Ferreira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Distal Humerus ◽

Distal Portion ◽

Medullary Canal ◽

Human Bone ◽

Morphometric Study ◽

Left Handed ◽

Academic Center ◽

Preoperative Procedures ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right

Introduction The supratrochlear foramen (SF) is located in the distal portion of the humerus, formed in between the coronoid fossa and the olecranon fossa. Is associated with a narrowing of the medullary canal in the distal humerus, in addition to being a phylogenetic characteristic, more common in ancient populations. The objective was to evaluate the incidence of the supratrochlear foramen, it's shape, dimensions and translucency of the septum. Materials and Methods A total of 141 humerus adults, 72 right and 69 left-handed individuals from the collection of the Human Bone of the Academic Center of Vitória-Brazil. The format was classified as oval, round, irregular and cribriform. The vertical (VD) and transversal (TD) diameter were measured and the translucency of the septum was observed. Results Of the 141 humerus, 19.8% (28) had SF 39.3% (11) on the right side and 60.7% (17) on the left side. The oval was the most recurrent, found in 39% of the cases and the translucency was identified in 78% (110) of the bones. The mean VD was 3.653 mm and 3.492 mm on the right and left sides, respectively. The mean of the TD was 4.853 mm on the right side and 5.427 mm on the left. The area averages were 19.633 ± 20.57 mm2 on the right side and 19.919 ± 19.24 mm2 on the left side. Conclusion The knowledge of SF favors the preoperative procedures of patients with fractures in the distal humerus, necessary for the surgeries in the region.

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Histomorphometric Study of the Glomeruli of the Kidney in Bangladeshi Population

Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist ◽

10.3329/jbsp.v9i1.22788 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 11-16

Author(s):

Fatema Johora ◽

Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽

Sunjida Shahriah ◽

Rukshana Ahmed ◽

Shamim Ara

Keyword(s):

Left Kidney ◽

Age Groups ◽

Population Based ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Medical College ◽

Histomorphometric Study ◽

The Mean ◽

Group 10 ◽

Bangladeshi Population ◽

The Right

Background: Controversies still prevail on glomerular changes of kidney whether due to normal aging or its association with diseases Objective: The aim of the present study was to see the variation in number and size of the glomeruli of kidney with increasing age in a Bangladeshi population based on autopsy. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2008 to June 2009, based on collection of 140 post mortem human kidneys collected from 70 unclaimed dead bodies from the morgue. All the samples were divided into three age-groups: 10-19 years, 20-39 years and 40-59 years. Histological slides were prepared by using routine Harris Haematoxylin and Eosin (H & E) stain. The number of glomeruli was measured by point counting technique, while the size (diameter) was measured by using ocular and stage micrometer. Results: The mean ± SE number of glomeruli per sq. mm found in the right and left kidney were 8.45±0.52 and 8.67±0.80 in group 10-19 years, 9.90±0.42 and 9.92±0.47 in 20-39 years, and 8.52±0.18 and 8.55±0.16 in 40-59 years respectively. Besides, the size (mean ± SE diameter) of glomeruli was found in the right and left kidney were 43.96±3.01ìm and 143.92±2.90ìm in group 10-19 years, 153.69±5.18ìm and 153.61±5.24ìm in 20-39 years, and 140.48±0.95ìm and 140.78±0.88ìm in 40-59 years respectively. Conclusion: No difference was found in number and size of glomeruli between right and left kidney in any group. Similarly, no difference was also evident among different age groups. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbsp.v9i1.22788 Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2014, June; 9(1): 11-16

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A Study of the Variation of Size within two Species of Aphides

Bulletin of Entomological Research ◽

10.1017/s0007485300004788 ◽

1940 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 45-56

Author(s):

G. H. L. Dicker ◽

S. C. Pearce

Keyword(s):

The Body ◽

Standard Errors ◽

Mean Values ◽

The Mean ◽

The Asymmetry ◽

The Right ◽

Different Parts

At least 30 specimens of each form of Macrosiphum rubiellum, Theobald, and Aphis idaei, van der Goot, were collected, mounted and their principal organs measured.Correlations were calculated between different parts on the right side and the conclusion reached that the ratios of lengths of organs were unstable characteristics of the species examined. High correlations were obtained between the same part on different sides of the body.The mean values and standard errors are tabulated and a method given for assigning limits of variation within a species. The standard errors obtained were of the order of 7 per cent. of the mean.The asymmetry, kurtosis and skewness of the distributions were calculated to test the effect of possible non-normality on the foregoing work.

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Metatarsophalangeal and Intermetatarsal Angle: Different Values and Interpretation of Postoperative Results Dependent on the Technique of Measurement

Foot & Ankle International ◽

10.1177/107110079801900805 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 19 (8) ◽

pp. 532-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Wolfgang Schneider ◽

Karl Knahr

Keyword(s):

Articular Surface ◽

Metatarsal Head ◽

Postoperative Evaluation ◽

Postoperative Results ◽

Intermetatarsal Angle ◽

Mean Values ◽

First Metatarsal ◽

The Mean ◽

Postoperative Improvement ◽

Type Of Surgery

For measurement of the first metatarsophalangeal angle and intermetatarsal angle I-II, five different methods for drawing the axis of the first metatarsal have been published. This study aimed to evaluate differences in the resulting angles that depend on the method of drawing this axis. Using pre- and postoperative radiographs of 20 patients who had surgery on the hallux (chevron procedure), highly significant differences were found: mean values for the preoperative metatarsophalangeal angle ranged from 27.3° to 31.9° the mean postoperative values were calculated at 8.6° to 20.3°. The preoperative mean of intermetatarsal angle I-II showed values from 13.0° to 17.6° the postoperative mean ranged from 5.2° to 16.7°. These differences-especially in the postoperative evaluation-resulted in a postoperative improvement between 11.6° and 20.8° for the metatarsophalangeal angle and between 0.9° and 10.0° for the intermetatarsal angle. These wide differences seem to be unacceptable for angles as a criterion of success in surgery on the hallux. The reason for these discrepancies can be found in the different relations of the points of reference to the anatomical outline of the metatarsal and the site of osteotomy. As a consequence of this study, defining the axis of the first metatarsal as a line connecting the center of the articular surface of the metatarsal head and the center of the proximal articulation can be recommended as the most appropriate method. The resulting angles are independent of the type of surgery performed on the hallux.

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Study of the pterigidal canal (vidian canal) through images of cone beam computer tomography.

Brazilian Dental Science ◽

10.14295/bds.2020.v23i3.1966 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Fernanda Fritoli Marcondes Santana ◽

Marcos Paulo Motta Silveira ◽

Pedro Jacy Santos Diamantino ◽

Karolina Aparecida Castilho Fardim ◽

Luiz Roberto Coutinho Manhães Júnior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Close Contact ◽

Close Relation ◽

Cone Beam ◽

Inferior Wall ◽

Mean Values ◽

Vidian Canal ◽

Foramen Rotundum ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pterygoid canal (PC) by Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT), establishing its configuration and proximity with anatomical structures. Material and Methods: We evaluated 398 CBCT exams, all from a public University radiology clinic archive. Four parameters were evaluated: single or double PC, distance between PC and the inferior part of the sphenoid sinus (SS), ratio of PC and SS and the distance between the PC and the foramen rotundum. Results: It was observed that most of the PC of the sample presented simple morphology, the most frequent type of relationship between the PC and the SS on both sides was the close contact with the wall. Among the cases that there were some distances between the PC and the inferior wall of the SS, the mean of this distance did not exceed 3.20 mm, being the left side (3.03 mm) slightly closer than the right (3.20 mm). Finally, the distances between the PC and the corresponding Foramen Rotundum are presented with mean values of 5.87 mm for the right side and 6.31 mm for the left side. Conclusion: CBCT examination is of paramount importance for PC identification; once in the studied sample, the mean values found evidence the close relation between the PC and the SS.KeywordsCone beam computed tomography; Endonasal approach; Vidian canal.

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DIAPHYSEAL NUTRIENT FORAMINA OF ADULT HUMAN TIBIA - ITS POSITIONAL ANATOMY AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS. Foramen nutricio diafisario de la tibia humana adulta – Su anatomía posicional y las implicancias clínicas

Revista Argentina de Anatomía Clínica ◽

10.31051/1852.8023.v5.n3.14079 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 222-228

Author(s):

Swati Gandhi ◽

Rajan K Singla ◽

Rajesh K Suri ◽

Vandana Mehta

Keyword(s):

Fracture Repair ◽

Orthopedic Procedures ◽

Long Bones ◽

Tibial Shaft ◽

Nutrient Foramen ◽

Medical College ◽

Adult Human ◽

Nutrient Foramina ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right

El conocimiento del número y posición de los forámenes nutricios en los huesos largos es importante en los procedimientos ortopédicos, tales como la terapia de reemplazo de articulaciones, reparación de fracturas, injertos de hueso y micro-cirugía de hueso vascularizado. El presente estudio se llevó a cabo en el departamento de Anatomía, Colegio Médico Gubernamental de Amritsar. El estudio comprendió 100 tibias de humanos adultos obtenidas de 50 cadáveres masculinos y 50 femeninos. Todos los huesos del presente estudio presentaban el foramen nutricio situado en el tercio superior del eje y se dirigían hacia abajo. En la mayoría de los huesos, se encuentró lateral a la línea vertical en la superficie posterior de la diáfisis tibial. Las distancias medias de foramen nutricio de los extremos superior e inferior de la tibia eran mayores en los hombres en ambos lados. Además, estas mediciones mostraron valores más altos en los huesos de la mitad derecha. El conocimiento preciso de la ubicación de la forámenes nutricios en los huesos largos es útil en la prevención de las lesiones intra-operatorias en cirugía ortopédica, así como en cirugía plástica y reconstructiva y también es relevante en la práctica médico-legal. An understanding of the number and position of nutrient foramina in long bones is important in orthopedic procedures such as joint replacement therapy, fracture repair, bone grafts and vascularized bone microsurgery. The present study was conducted in the department of Anatomy, Govt. Medical College Amritsar. The study group comprised of 100 adult human tibiae obtained from 50 male and 50 female cadavers. All the bones of the present study depicted single nutrient foramen situated in the upper one third of the shaft and were directed downwards. In majority of the bones, it was located lateral to the vertical line on the posterior surface of tibial shaft. The mean distances of nutrient foramen from the upper and lower ends of tibia were found to be greater in males on both the sides. Also, these measurements showed higher values in the right sided bones.Precise knowledge of the location of the nutrient foramina in long bones is helpful in preventing intra-operative injuries in orthopedic as well as in plastic and reconstructive surgery and is also relevant in medicolegal practice.

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Morphometric study of the size of the postmortem human kidney

Journal of Bangladesh Society of Physiologist ◽

10.3329/jbsp.v15i2.50919 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 61-67

Author(s):

Fatema Johora ◽

Abu Sadat Mohammad Nurunnabi ◽

Dilruba Siddiqua ◽

Hasna Hena ◽

Shamim Ara

Keyword(s):

Young Adult ◽

Left Kidney ◽

Age Groups ◽

Morphometric Study ◽

Age Related ◽

Study Results ◽

Group A ◽

The Mean ◽

The Right ◽

Age Related Changes

Background: Changes in the size of the kidney are evident in humans, as age progresses. Objective: To see the age-related changes in the morphological dimensions of the kidney in a sample of the Bangladeshi population. Methods: This crosssectional study was done in the Department of Anatomy, Dhaka Medical College, Dhaka, from July 2008 to June 2009, based on a collection of 140 postmortem human kidneys collected from 70 unclaimed dead bodies from the morgue of the same institution. All the samples of kidney were divided into three age groups, including A (10-19 years), B (20-39 years) and C (40-59 years). The length, breadth and thickness of all the kidneys were measured by using a slide calipers and recorded. Data were expressed as mean±SD. For statistical analysis, independent sample t test and one way ANOVA was used. Results: The length of the right and left kidneys found were 8.72±0.25 cm and 9.28±0.12 cm; 9.73±0.35 cm and 10.31±0.41 cm; 9.68±0.21 cm and 10.24±0.06 cm in group A, B and C respectively. The breadth of the right and left kidneys found were 4.32±0.09 cm and 4.22±0.11 cm; 4.74±0.29 cm and 4.55±0.28 cm; 4.61±0.21 cm and 4.44±0.21 cm in group A, B and C respectively. The thickness of the right and left kidneys found were 2.84±0.10 cm and 2.64±0.05 cm; 3.31±0.16 cm and 3.11±0.10 cm; 3.17±0.07 cm and 3.11±0.10 cm in group A, B and C respectively. The mean length of the left kidneys was found significantly greater than that of the right , whereas the mean breadth and the thickness of the right kidneys were found greater than that of the left kidney in all age groups. Moreover, age related changes were significant in all dimensions (length, breadth and thickness) of the kidney when compared between group A & B and A & C. Conclusion: This study results concluded that the length of the left kidney was greater than that of the right, but the breadth and the thickness of the right kidney were greater than that of the left one in all age groups. In addition, age related changes in all dimensions (i.e. length, breadth and thickness) of the kidneys were evident in middle age versus young adult and older adult versus young adult. J Bangladesh Soc Physiol. 2020, December; 15(2): 61-67

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Evaluation of the Carrying Angle in the Ethnic Assamese Community

Journal of Evidence Based Medicine and Healthcare ◽

10.18410/jebmh/2020/630 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 (51) ◽

pp. 3090-3093

Author(s):

Monjushree Chakravarty ◽

Rashmi Rekha Bordaloi

Keyword(s):

Upper Limbs ◽

Ethnic Communities ◽

First Semester ◽

Medical College ◽

North East ◽

The North ◽

Left Limb ◽

The Mean ◽

Carrying Angle ◽

The Right

BACKGROUND Assam is in the North East of India. The earliest inhabitants of Assam were people who came from Southeast Asia. The ethnic communities constitute about 12 to 13 percent of the state population. The present study was undertaken to evaluate the carrying angle of the elbow in ethnic Assamese community. METHODS The study was conducted in the Department of Anatomy, Tezpur Medical College. Out of 225 students admitted in first semester M.B.B.S. in two consecutive years in Tezpur Medical College, 20 students belonged to different ethnic communities of Assam. The carrying angle of both the right and left upper limbs were measured in the twenty selected students. Evaluation was done following all legal formalities. RESULTS The mean carrying angle in males was 10.33 + / - 1.56 in the right limb and 12.11 + / - 1.72 in the left limb; in the females it was 11.73 + / - 2.73 on the right side and 11.45 + / - 3.26 degree on the left side. CONCLUSIONS The study was done to find the carrying angle of the elbow in the ethnic Assamese community. The results of this study will be of help in the diagnosis and treatment of deformity and injury around the elbow. KEYWORDS Carrying Angle, Elbow, Ethnic Assamese Community

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