scholarly journals Cognitive deterioration in association with teeth loss in elderly population: A study from Eastern India

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 152-157
Author(s):  
Uttam Majumder ◽  
Iti Baidya ◽  
Avik Kumar Layek ◽  
Sampa Ray Bhattacharya ◽  
Pradip Kumar Ray
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Preventive Strategy ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Chewing Ability

Background: With the global increase in cognitive impairment and dementia, the need to investigate into the possible ways that can be used to prevent or delay such occurrence has been growing. Maintenance of dental care and oral hygiene has been promoted as one such aspect. Aims and Objectives: To study the association between cognitive impairment in patients without registered diagnosis of dementia with tooth loss and chewing ability. Materials and Methods: It was a cross-sectional hospital-based study where consenting elderly persons attending Dental outpatient department over 1½ years were included. Data obtained on socio-demographic details, number of tooth loss, number of remaining teeth, subjective chewing ability, cognitive assessment as per mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and Clock Drawing Test were analyzed statistically to check correlational association. Results: In this study 96 eligible elderly persons of mean age of 68.30±6.28 years showed increased cognitive impairment among females (P=0.003), increased age (P=0.009), rural background (P=0.033) and low income groups (P=0.001). Positive correlation was found between chewing capacity (P=0.348), number of remaining teeth (r=0.418) with MMSE scores. Conclusion: Our study population showed positive correlation between impaired cognition and the number of extracted tooth and chewing capacity. With further study on wider and representative population, we hope to project the role of maintaining good oral hygiene and dental care as a possible preventive strategy among many others to combat the increased burden of cognitive impairment.

scholarly journals Therapeutic Adherence among Elderly with Chronic Diseases Residing in Urban Area of South India – A Descriptive Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 2109-2116
Author(s):  
Netravathi Basavaraj Angadi ◽  
Avinash Kavi ◽  
Shashikant Shankreppa Torgal
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Functional Dependence ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Therapeutic Adherence ◽  
Adherence To Medication

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are no longer confined to urban and rich persons. They impose a great risk in the low-income nations due to epidemiological and demographic transition. Adherence to medication is key factor in improving the quality of life and preventing complications of NCDs. This study was carried out to study the prevalence of medication adherence and factors determining non-adherence in elderly population with chronic diseases. A community based cross sectional study was conducted with 400 elderly aged 60 years and above. Data was collected by using a pretested questionnaire, which included socio-demographic variables, co-morbidities and details of their medication. Therapeutic adherence was assessed by modified Morisky-Green test, level of cognitive impairment by Pfeiffer’s short portable mental status questionnaire and functional dependence in activities of daily living by Katz Index. Statistical analysis was done using chi-square test. In our study, out of 400 participants, male participants were 184 (48%) and female participants were 216 (52%). 58.5% of them were adherent to their respective treatment medication. Male gender, low level of education, lower socio-economic status and cognitive impairment were the factors associated with therapeutic non-adherence. Therapeutic non-adherence is highly prevalent among elderly persons and is multi-factorial in origin. Interventions to increase adherence among elderly might effective if they are provided with proper guidance and education on the indications of individual treatments, their adverse effects, importance of adherence to medications and various consequences of non-adherence to the therapy.

scholarly journals Is Visual Pedagogy Effective in Improving Cooperation towards Oral Hygiene and Dental Care in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder? A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 789
Author(s):  
Araxi Balian ◽  
Silvia Cirio ◽  
Claudia Salerno ◽  
Thomas Gerhard Wolf ◽  
Guglielmo Campus ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Care ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Children With Autism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Conclusive Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Visual Pedagogy

Visual pedagogy has emerged as a new approach in improving dental care in children with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). This paper aimed to evaluate and assess the scientific evidence on the use of visual pedagogy in improving oral hygiene skills and cooperation during dental care in children with ASDs. The review protocol was registered on the PROSPERO Register (CRD42020183030). Prospective clinical studies, randomized trials, interruptive case series, before and after comparison studies, and cross-sectional studies following the PRISMA guideline were searched in PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Google Scholar using ad hoc prepared search strings. The search identified 379 papers, of which 342 were excluded after title and abstract evaluation, and 37 full-text papers were analyzed. An additional four papers were added after consulting reference lists. Eighteen papers were disregarded; 23 were finally included, and their potential bias was assessed using ROB-2 and ROBINS-I tools. The wide heterogenicity of the studies included does not allow for conclusive evidence on the effectiveness of visual pedagogy in oral hygiene skills and dental care. Nevertheless, a significant and unilateral tendency of the overall outcomes was found, suggesting that visual pedagogy supports ASD children in improving both oral hygiene skills and cooperation during dental care.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in the Association Between Obesity and Cognitive Impairment in a Low-Income Elderly Population in Rural China: A Population-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Guo ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Changqing Zhan ◽  
Qiuxing Lin ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Elderly Women ◽  
Rural China ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background: Obesity is a potentially modifiable risk factor for cognitive impairment. However, sex-specific relationships between obesity and cognitive impairment in late life remain unclear.Objective: We aimed to assess sex differences in the association between various obesity parameters and cognitive impairment in a low-income elderly population in rural China.Methods: A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted to collect basic information from elderly residents aged 60 years and older from April 2014 to August 2014 in rural areas of Tianjin, China. Obesity parameters, including body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC), and Mini Mental State Examination scores were measured, and the relationships between these variables were assessed.Results: A total of 1,081 residents with a mean age of 67.70 years were enrolled in this study. After adjusting for age, educational attainment, smoking status, drinking status, physical exercise participation, and the presence of diabetes and hyperlipidemia, blood pressure group; a high BMI was found to be associated with an increased prevalence of cognitive impairment in elderly women. Each 1-unit increase in BMI was associated with a 5.9% increase in the prevalence of cognitive impairment. WC was related to the prevalence of cognitive impairment in elderly men, and each 1-cm increase in WC was associated with a 4.0% decrease in the prevalence of cognitive impairment. However, there were no significant associations between WC and cognitive function in women or between BMI and cognitive impairment in men.Conclusion: A greater WC was positively associated with better cognitive function in low-income elderly men in rural China, whereas a higher BMI was associated with an increased risk of cognitive impairment in elderly women, independent of sociodemographic, lifestyle, and health-related comorbid factors. Our results suggest weight management of elderly women in rural China may have cognitive benefits. However, randomized controlled trials would be needed to confirm causality.

scholarly journals Tooth Loss and Its Association With Frequency of Pregnancy: A Cross-Sectional Study Among Yemeni Women

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anas Shamala ◽  
Ebtesam Al-Maimooni ◽  
Salsbeel Al-Matari ◽  
Ryhana Hiyat ◽  
Mohammed Al-wesabi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Khat Chewing ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
The Mean

Abstract Backgrounds: The present study sought to assess tooth loss and oral hygiene practices among a sample of Yemeni women in association with giving births (parity).Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study included a sample of 644 Yemeni women. They were interviewed to gather socio-demographic (age, education, number of children) and behavioral data (oral hygiene practices, khat chewing and smoking). Additionally, they were examined clinically to assess number of tooth loss. Data were analyzed using SPSS with a P-value < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The participating women aged between 16 and 51 years. Only one fifth of the sample reported brushing their teeth regularly (i.e, at least once a day), and around 36.8% reported using dental aids occasionally. Additionally, 52% and 21% of the sample reported they were khat chewers and smokers, respectively. The mean number of tooth loss was 4.7. The mean number of children was 4.15, with approximately 54% of the participating women had more than 3 children. The results of the logistic regression revealed a significant association between number of children and tooth loss. Conclusion: Yemeni women had poor oral hygiene practices and high prevalence of tooth loss increased proportionally with the increased number of children. This emphasizes the importance of an effective oral hygiene motivation and health education among female patients during pregnancy periods.

scholarly journals Impact of cognitive performance on the functional capacity of an elderly population in Natal, Brazil

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (4) ◽  
pp. 809-813 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keithlen Cruz Moreira de Castro ◽  
Ricardo Oliveira Guerra
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Examination

Functional incapacity and cognitive impairment are conditions related to the process of human aging. Cognitive impairment is considered an important predicitve factor for functional impairment in elderly populations. This cross-sectional study analyzes the association between cognitive performance and functional capacity in an elderly population sample in Natal, Brazil. A total of 213 elderly persons were assessed by the BOAS Multidimensional Questionnaire (Brazil Old Age Schedule) and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). The results of multivariate analysis and linear regression showed that age and schooling level are factors associated with cognitive performance in the elderly of this study. The final explicative model, elaborated by logistic regression, found that cognitive performance was the only predicitve variable of functional incapacity for the activities of daily living even when adjusted for sociodemographic variables.

Chewing Ability and Tooth Loss: Association with Cognitive Impairment in an Elderly Population Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 60 (10) ◽  
pp. 1951-1956 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duangjai Lexomboon ◽  
Mats Trulsson ◽  
Inger Wårdh ◽  
Marti G. Parker
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Population Study ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Chewing Ability

scholarly journals Homocysteine, trace elements and oxidant/antioxidant status in mild cognitively impaired elderly persons: a cross-sectional study

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (4) ◽  
pp. 336-342 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hajar Negahdar ◽  
Seyed Reza Hosseini ◽  
Hadi Parsian ◽  
Farzan Kheirkhah ◽  
Abbas Mosapour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Effective Parameters ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract Introduction. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is the prodromal stage of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), so identification of the related risk factors can be helpful. There are controversial data regarding the serum oxidant/antioxidant status, trace elements and homocysteine (Hcy) as effective parameters in this disease, therefore the status of these factors was determined in this study. Methods. One hundred-twenty elderly persons with cognitive impairment and 120 elderly healthy persons who were differentiated using Mini-mental state examination (MMSE) participated in this study. The patients were divided into mild and moderate-to-severe cognitive impairment group. Serum antioxidant/oxidant, copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), zinc (Zn) and Hcy concentrations were measured using routine methods. Results. Oxidant and antioxidant levels increased and decreased based on the severity of the disease and were higher and lower in patients than in control group, respectively (p<0.001). With adjusting for age, gender and education, significant difference in Hcy levels was not observed. There was no significant difference in trace elements levels among groups. Conclusions. Results confirmed the association between oxidative damage with increasing the severity of cognitive impairment. These factors may be involved in the etiology of cognitive impairment and AD. Identification of such biomarkers is important to select appropriate treatment goals before the onset of irreversible clinical signs.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN ANTARA PERSEPSI PASIEN TENTANG KUALITAS DAN KEMAUAN MEMBAYAR PELAYANAN KESEHATAN GIGI DI MMC UMS

Biomedika ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edi Karyadi
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Service ◽  
Willingness To Pay ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Average Patient

Until now there is no standard for measuring the standard willingnesss to pay of patients and patient satisfaction for the quality of dental care. Research purposes to assess the magnitude of willingness to pay for outpatient dental care and want to test the factors that affect willingness to pay for outpatient dental care at the Muhammadiyah Medical Center (MMC UMS). This study was observational analytic study with cross-sectional approach, where all the variables studied were observed at the same time. The study population was patients who received outpatient dental care with simple random sampling. To the adequacy of the sample required a minimum sample size of 120. The data collection by questionnaire content validity technique. The results showed 60.8% of patient education level is college. The average patient’s willingness to pay for dental care Rp.60.833. The average satisfaction score of patients on dental health servicesis 77.35 (including the high satisfaction category). While the average patient income for Rp.2.110.417. Statistical analysis proves’ there is a positive correlation’ between service quality and willingness to pay for dental care patients (r=0247, p <0.05). In this study also proves’ there is a positive correlation’ between the patient and the willingness to pay in comedental care (r=0.730, p <0.05). With the regression test showed the ‘threev ariables (education, income and quality of service)’ jointly able to predict variations in the willingness of patients to pay for 59.7% and statistically  t regression model (valid) (p <0.001).Keywords: education, income, quality of service, willingnestopay

scholarly journals Comparative Evaluation of Salivary Malondialdehyde Levels in Children with Different Caries Status- A Cross-Sectional Observational Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-154
Author(s):  
Dhanalakshmi Ravikumar ◽  
Pratibha Ramani ◽  
R. Gayathri
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Young Children ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Observational Research ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Chewing Ability ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Salivary Malondialdehyde ◽  
Childhood Caries

Background and Objectives: Early childhood caries is a major public health problem especially in young children. ECC affects the quality of life of young children by affecting the chewing ability of children due to the development of pain and swelling, and this may indirectly affect the nutritional status of a child. The present study was done to assess the level of salivary malondialdehyde in children with and without Early childhood caries. The main objective of the study is to determine the salivary malondialdehyde levels and to compare it with the three groups of children with different caries experiences. Materials and Methods: It is cross-sectional observational research carried out at Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals. Children between 3-6 years were examined and 20 caries-free, 20 children with ECC as well as 20 children with S-ECC were recruited for the study. The caries status was assessed using dmfs and the severity of caries was assessed using pufa index. Salivary samples were collected and analysed for salivary malondialdehyde levels. Statistical Analysis: The data was entered and analysed using SPSS software version 20.0. One-way ANOVA was done to determine the difference in malondialdehyde levels between the groups. “Post-hoc Tukey” test was done to measure the intergroup significance. A “P value of < 0.05” was measured as statistically “significant” and P < 0.001 was deemed as statistically “highly significant”. Pearson’s correlation was done to correlate pufa values with malondialdehyde levels. Results: The results demonstrated that there was a statistically significant difference in salivary malondialdehyde levels among caries-free, ECC as well as S-ECC children. There was a positive correlation between the pufa score and salivary malondialdehyde levels. Conclusion: 1. There is a significant difference in the salivary malondialdehyde levels among caries-free, ECC as well as S-ECC children. There was a positive correlation of salivary malondialdehyde levels and pufa score in ECC and S-ECC children.

scholarly journals Cognitive impairment of patients with chronic renal disease on hemodialysis and its relationship with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 221-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriela Dutra Gesualdo ◽  
Juliana Gomes Duarte ◽  
Marisa Silvana Zazzetta ◽  
Luciana Kusumota ◽  
Karina Gramani Say ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Chronic Renal Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Advanced Stages

ABSTRACT Cognitive impairment and dementia commonly occur in individuals with chronic kidney disease, especially in advanced stages, but are still poorly diagnosed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the cognitive ability of patients with chronic kidney disease on hemodialysis and its relationship with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in a Renal Replacement Therapy Unit in the interior of the State of São Paulo involving 99 patients. The data were collected through an individual interview, using the Sociodemographic and Clinical Characterization questionnaires and the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination – Revised (ACE-R) questionnaire. RESULTS: Participants were predominantly male, with a mean age of 54.68 years. The mean ACE-R score was 64.26 points, and 76.76% of patients had lower-than-expected scores, suggesting the presence of cognitive impairment. A moderate, negative correlation was found between total score on the ACE-R and age (r= –0.38, p≤0.001), a moderate positive correlation with years of education (r=0.52, p≤0.001), and a weak positive correlation of total score with hemodialysis time (r=0.26, p≤0.001). CONCLUSION: A relationship was found between cognitive ability and age, years of education and hemodialysis time, suggesting that individuals who were older, had less education and longer hemodialysis time presented greater cognitive impairment.

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