Congenital malformation of lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis

Background: The thinnest portion of the medial wall of the orbit is Lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis which separates the ethmoidal sinuses from the orbit. Congenital bony malformation of orbit and anatomical variation of ethmoidal sinuses are important in terms of the risk of complication development during endoscopic sinus surgery and to understanding the pathophysiology and spread of sinus disease.Materials and Methods: Accordingly the present study was designed to fi nd out the congenital malformation of medial wall of the orbit in relation to lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis. The study was carried out using 100 dried adult human skulls and twenty six human cadavers irrespective of sex were obtained from the Department of Anatomy - Mayo Institute of Medical Sciences-Barabanki, Department of Anatomy - Melaka Manipal Medical College - Manipal and Department of Anatomy - KMCT Medical College, Manassery - Calicut.Results: In three skulls (2.380%) we noted unilateral unusual hole at the junction of medial wall and roof of orbit with dimensions of 2.3 cm long and 1 cm height in two skulls and another unusual vertical hole at the anterior part of medial wall and roof of orbit with dimensions of 2 cm height and 1 cm width. We also noted few ethmoidal cells extended in to the orbital plate and fovea ethmoidalis of the frontal bone.Conclusion: Congenital defective formation of bony orbit and variable anatomy of paranasal sinuses noted in this study is may be due to the defective formation of Lamina orbitalis ossis ethmoidalis from the lateral part of the nasal capsule near the fronto ethmoidal suture such comprehensive knowledge is necessary to understand the various disorders of this region and to avoid complications during surgical procedures involving this area.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ajms.v6i2.10534Asian Journal of Medical Sciences Vol.6(2) 2015 91-94

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A rare anatomical variation in foramen of Vesalius: A useful guide for maxillofacial surgeons

World Journal of Biology Pharmacy and Health Sciences ◽

10.30574/wjbphs.2022.9.1.0130 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 001-004

Author(s):

G. Priya

Keyword(s):

Trigeminal Nerve ◽

Anatomical Variation ◽

Anatomical Variations ◽

Foramen Ovale ◽

Emissary Vein ◽

College Hospital ◽

Main Site ◽

Medical College ◽

Human Skulls ◽

Foramen Of Vesalius

Background: Foramen of vesalius is an inconstant foramen that gives passage to an emissary vein that connects pterygoid venous plexus with cavernous sinus. It lies in the anteromedial side of the foramen ovale. Foramen ovale allows the passage for the mandibular branch of trigeminal nerve, the main site for the trigeminal rhizotomy. The presence and description of anatomical variations about the foramen of Vesalius is important during the surgical procedure on the trigeminal nerve which may injure the emissary vein in the foramen leading to intracranial bleeding. Objectives: The aim of the present study is to report the presence and to enlighten the anatomical variations of foramen vesalius which may serve as a guideline for surgeons. Methods: The study was conducted on 100 dry adult human skulls collected from the department of anatomy at Panimalar medical college hospital & research institute Chennai. The skulls were viewed both extracranially and intracranially to identify the presence of foramen of vesalius. The presence and variation of the foramen was noted and discussed. Result: A total of about 200 sides of 100 skulls were studied. Among them 20% of the skull showed presence of foramen of Vesalius bilaterally, 25% unilaterally and one particular skull showed doubled opening on the left side with the presence of a bony septum. This is a rare variation which was less documented in the literature. Conclusion: The knowledge of variations in foramen of Vesalius may help the surgeons for safer planning and execution of the trigeminal rhizotomy technique.

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Anatomical Variation in Extrahepatic Biliary Apparatus

Academia Anatomica International ◽

10.21276/aanat.2020.6.2.5 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 25-28

Author(s):

Shambhu Nath Jha ◽

Saif Omar

Keyword(s):

Gall Bladder ◽

Indian Subcontinent ◽

Anatomical Variation ◽

Surgical Techniques ◽

Biliary System ◽

Cadaveric Specimen ◽

Medical College ◽

Human Cadavers ◽

Extrahepatic Bile Ducts ◽

Surgical Operations

Background: For several years, the pathology of the biliary system has been the focus of prolonged study. Largely due to their surgical relevance and the simplicity with which they can be treated in cholecystectomies. While interest in extrahepatic bile ducts has been intensified, very rare studies have been performed on the Indian subcontinent. The anatomical differences of the extra-hepatic biliary area were defined in this study, as these variations are important throughout surgical techniques such as laparoscopic cholecystectomy, thus minimising post-operative difficulties. The objective is aim of the research was to observe anatomical differences in the extrahepatic biliary system in Indian cadaveric specimen samples. Subjects and Methods : Sample content consisted of 100 human cadavers of any sex that were dissected. Cadaver specimens from the dissection room were examined. Cadaver specimens were obtained from Mata Gujri Memorial Medical College, Kishanganj, Bihar, Department of Anatomy. By the traditional method of dissection, they were studied. Results: In the current study, the smallest gall bladder observed was around 25ml, while the largest gall bladder was around 120ml. On average, our study recorded around 50 ml of the gall bladder. Congenital anomalies of the gall bladder included Intrahepatic, Double, Bilobed and separate mesentery. Further, the pathological findings accounted for 20% of total cases and a solitary pathology involving carcinoma was noted. Conclusion: Anatomical variants of the extrahepatic biliary system are widespread and are important for surgeons to prevent injury as critical structures through surgical operations and increase surgical results by recognising them.

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Extended endoscopic frontal nasal sinus surgery in management of chronic and recurrent frontal sinus diseases

The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology ◽

10.1186/s43163-021-00104-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed Sobhi Abdelaal ◽

Mohamed Kamel Al Awady ◽

Tawfik Abdelaty Elkholy

Keyword(s):

Frontal Sinus ◽

Anatomical Variation ◽

Sinus Surgery ◽

Frontal Sinusitis ◽

Office Visits ◽

Nasal Sinus ◽

Frontal Sinus Surgery ◽

Operative Care ◽

Intimate Relation

Abstract Background The anatomical variation of the frontal sinus and its intimate relation to the skull base and orbit makes its surgery demanding. The extended endoscopic frontal sinus surgery allows wide better drainage and preventing the recurrence of the disease. Fourteen patients underwent EEFSS from May 2017 to May 2019. These patients are nine patients presented by chronic recurrent frontal sinusitis, three patients presented by chronic recurrent fronto ethmoidal mucocele and two patients with chronic recurrent external frontal fistula. Draff III done for ten patients of them and Draff IIB done for four patients of them. This study is designed for evaluating the efficacy of the extended endoscopic frontal sinus surgery (E E F S S) in management of chronic and recurrent frontal sinus diseases. Results The neo opening of the restored frontal sinus was remained opened with Draff III with high success rate; two patients from four patients with Draff IIb were with closed nasofrontal duct. The main follow-up was 12 months; the patients were followed up post-operatively for many office visits without any other manifestations. Conclusion The chronic recurrent frontal sinus diseases can be treated successfully with extended endoscopic frontal sinus surgery (E E F S S). The extended endoscopic frontal sinus surgery (Draff III) provides good results with low morbidity and less post-operative care.

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Gender Determination by Linear Dimension of Permanent Canine: An Odontometric Analysis

Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3126/jmcjms.v2i1.11392 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 23-27

Author(s):

B Sharma ◽

N Balaji ◽

MK Sumathi

Keyword(s):

Sexual Dimorphism ◽

Sex Determination ◽

Linear Dimension ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Medical College ◽

Type Iv ◽

Racial Background ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Natural Change ◽

The Individual

Background and objectives: Identification, an aspect of forensic anthropology, is the recognition of an individual based on the physical characteristics unique to the individual. Among the four main attributes i.e. gender, age, stature and ethnic or racial background of an individual’s biological identity, sex determination is usually the first step in the human identification process. Teeth can be used as a means of sex determination as teeth are resistant to post-mortem degradation and survive deliberate, accidental or natural change. This study was carried out with an objective to determine the sexual dimorphism of maxillary and mandibular canine by linear tooth diameter for permanent dentition in Moradabad population. Material and Methods: A total number of 40 subjects (20 Males and 20 Females) were included in this study. After obtaining an informed written consent, alginate impression was taken with help of perforated impression trays and study models were prepared with type IV dental stone. Linear (MD, BL, Crown Height) were taken with digital vernier caliper. Results: It was observed that males’ shows more mean linear crown diameter as compared to females. Also, the mesiodistal and buccolingual measurement shows statistically significant difference for all canines, being higher for males than females. Conclusion: The present study has expressed sexual dimorphism of permanent canine using Student’s test and indicate that linear dimension of maxillary canine can be used for sexual diamorphism with accuracy along with other accepted procedure for sex determination. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v2i1.11392 Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2014) Vol. 2 (1): 23-27

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Efficacy of vitamin D in children with pneumonia: a randomized control trial study

Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3126/jmcjms.v3i1.15369 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 5-13 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

A Dhungel ◽

MS Alam

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Vitamin D Supplementation ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Connective Tissues ◽

Medical College ◽

Vascular Structures ◽

Randomized Control ◽

Group 2 ◽

Discharge From Hospital

Background and Objectives: Pneumonia is the inflammation of parenchyma of lungs. It strictly represents any inflammatory condition that involves the lungs along with the visceral pleura, airways, alveoli, connective tissues and vascular structures. The objective of the study was to see the efficacy of vitamin D in children with pneumonia.Material and Methods: A randomized control study was conducted in Department of Pediatric Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. One hundred patients with pneumonia received vitamin D along with appropriate antibiotics and one hundred were treated with antibiotics but without vitamin D. The patients were discharged after the fast breathing and chest in drawing settled. The duration of hospital stay was noted. They were followed up for next 90 days after discharge from hospital and any new episode of pneumonia was noted and recorded.Results: The mean number of days to recovery were similar between the group receiving vitamin D (5.7 ± 2.7 days) and the group not receiving vitamin D (6.1 ± 2.8days), (p=0.28). While comparing repeat episode of pneumonia within next three months, the repeat episode of pneumonia was significantly lower in the intervention group (2%) than the group without supplementation (9%; p = 0.002) within 30 days of supplementation of vitamin D.Conclusion: Vitamin D supplementation in a single dose to the children diagnosed as pneumonia significantly reduces the occurrence of new episodes of pneumonia within one month of discharge.Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2015) Vol. 3 (1):5-13

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Clinical profile of Otomycosis: a hospital based study at central terrain region of Nepal

Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3126/jmcjms.v3i1.15371 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 20-24

Author(s):

N Lageju ◽

SC Shahi ◽

NK Goil

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

High Temperature ◽

Aspergillus Niger ◽

Otitis Externa ◽

Neck Surgery ◽

Clinical Profile ◽

Mastoid Cavity ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Presenting Problems ◽

Medical College

Background and Objectives: Otomycosis is the fungal infection of ear with some complications involving middle ear cavity and mastoid cavity. It is one of commonly encountered problem in otolaryngology clinics. It is commonly present in hot, humid with moisture, high temperature. So, this research is to study the clinical profile of otomycosis in central terrain region of Nepal.Material and Methods: The study was conducted in department of ENT- head and neck surgery in Janaki medical college and teaching hospital from August 2015 to June 2016. All the clinically diagnosed cases were enrolled in the study with typical symptoms and characteristics fungal debris in the external auditory canal (EAC). All the data regarding age, sex, occupation, presenting complaints, type of fugal debris, presence of acute otitis externa, findings of tympanic membrane (TM) taken.Results: Total of 77 patients were enrolled. Among them 27(35.1%) were male and 50(64.9%) were female. The most common presenting complaint is itching followed by earache, ear discharge, hearing loss. Itching was present in 77.9% of the cases followed by earache in 72.7%, aural fullness in 29%, ear discharge in 46.8% and hearing loss in 31.2%. Based on type of fungal debris on otoscopy, blackish was the commonest with frequency of 38 patients (49.4%) followed by whitish debris in 27 patients (35.1%) and yellowish among 12 patients (15.6%).Conclusion: Otomycosis is one of the most common presenting problems in otorhinolaryngology OPD. Females are affected more. Aspergillus niger implicated the most and ear itching is the most common presenting symptom.Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2015) Vol. 3 (1):20-24

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Annual of the Universal Medical Sciences; a Yearly Report of the Progress of the General Sanitary Sciences throughout the World. Edited by Charles E. Sajous, M.D., Lecturer on Laryngology and Rhinology in Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, etc., and seventy Associate Editors, assisted

Journal of Mental Science ◽

10.1192/bjp.36.152.95 ◽

1890 ◽

Vol 36 (152) ◽

pp. 95-96

Keyword(s):

Jefferson Medical College ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

Medical College ◽

The World

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Chandra Anuloma Viloma Pranayama modifies Cardiorespiratory Functions

Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Science ◽

10.3126/jmcjms.v3i1.15375 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 3 (1) ◽

pp. 45-51

Author(s):

S Prakash ◽

K Upadhyay-Dhungel

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Medical Students ◽

Respiratory Rate ◽

Left Nostril ◽

Medical Sciences ◽

The West ◽

Significant Drop ◽

Medical College ◽

Breathing Exercises ◽

Yoga Practitioners

Background and Objectives: In recent years, there has been considerable interest in scientific research on yoga, especially on Pranayama. Nostril breathing exercises including Alternate nostril breathing, Left nostril breathing and right nostril breathing exercises is getting attention in the east and in the west. Left nostril breathing exercises is also called Chandra Nadisuddhi Pranayama or Chandra anulomaa vilomaa Pranayama (CAV). Very few have carried out research on Chandra Anuloma Viloma Pranayama (CAV). This study was carried out to see the effects of CAV on experienced yoga practitioners and naïves.Material and Methods: The study consisted of 36 subjects divided into two groups, first group consist of 26 medical students who were naïve and the next group consist of 10 yoga practitioners. All the subjects performed 12 rounds of Chandra Nadisuddhi Pranayama in each session for 24 days. Variables were entered into SPSS Program and were analyzed.Results: This study depicts fall in Pulse rate, respiratory rate, systolic blood pressure and Diastolic blood pressure after CAV Pranayama in both Naïves and Yoga practitioners. But the significant drop was observed in SBP only (at p < 0.05) among Naives and in all parameters except respiratory rate among Yoga Practitioners.Conclusion: The effect of the Chandra Anuloma Viloma (CAV) in this study was more eminent in the yoga practitioners than in the naïve group.Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2015) Vol. 3 (1):45-51

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Bifid Median Nerve in the Bulgarian Population: An Anatomical and Clinical Study

Advances in Anatomy ◽

10.1155/2015/191749 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-4

Author(s):

Georgi P. Georgiev ◽

Svetoslav A. Slavchev ◽

Iva N. Dimitrova ◽

Boycho Landzhov

Keyword(s):

Clinical Study ◽

Median Nerve ◽

Carpal Tunnel ◽

Anatomical Variation ◽

Clinical Implications ◽

Upper Limbs ◽

Anatomical Variant ◽

Human Cadavers ◽

Tunnel Syndrome ◽

Bulgarian Population

High division of the median nerve proximal to the carpal tunnel, also known as a bifid median nerve, is a rare anatomical variant with an incidence between 1 and 3%. In order to study the incidence of this anatomical variation in the Bulgarian population, we examined the upper limbs of 51 formol-carbol fixed human cadavers and also 154 upper limbs undergoing carpal tunnel decompression. We detected one case of bifid median nerve during anatomical dissections and two cases in patients with carpal tunnel syndrome. In one of the clinical cases, the anatomical variation was detected preoperatively by MRI. We discuss different variations of this nerve and emphasize their potential clinical implications.

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