scholarly journals Floristic diversity and conservation strategies in cold desert of western Himalaya, India

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 18-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Srivastava
Keyword(s):  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Western Himalaya ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Cold Desert ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
North West ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rich Flora

The rich flora of cold desert constitutes an incredible store house of plant genetic resources that contribute not only to the livelihoods of enormous number of forest dwelling but also to the various pharmaceuticals industry. The plant wealth of Ladakh in Jammu and Kashmir, Lahaul-Spiti in Himachal Pradesh and Nelang valley in Uttarakhand falls in cold desert region of North-West Himalaya. The floristic documentation of this area represents ca 1405 species, 490 genera under 98 families of flowering plants. A large number of species growing in this area are of medicinal and economic value and used by local inhabitants for curing their ailments. Floristic analysis, brief account of physiography, vegetation types and adaptations in the plants for their survival, endemism, threatened taxa, medicinal and economic plants have been discussed along with the threats and conservation strategies. Key-words: Floristic; Diversity; Conservation; Cold Desert; India DOI: 10.3126/botor.v7i0.4369Botanica Orientalis – Journal of Plant Science (2010) 7: 18-25

scholarly journals Floristic diversity of Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary, northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 10493
Author(s):  
Savita Sanjaykumar Rahangdale ◽  
Sanjaykumar Ramlal Rahangdale
Keyword(s):  
Western Ghats ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Floristic Diversity ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Wildlife Sanctuary ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Threat Categories ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Rich Flora ◽  
The Western Ghats

Bhimashankar Wildlife Sanctuary (BWS) is located on the crestline of the northern Western Ghats in Pune and Thane districts in Maharashtra State.  It was notified in October 1985 towards conservation of the state animal of Maharashtra, the Giant Squirrel Ratufa indica ssp. elphinstonii.  Although an important protected area in the Western Ghats, due to the lack of a comprehensive report, an assessment of floristic diversity of BWS was done from 2009 to 2016.  The results revealed that forest types and microhabitats are diverse in the sanctuary.  Major forest types are western subtropical broad leaved hill forest to moist deciduous types with a few included small patches of evergreen forests.  The rich flora of the sanctuary is represented by a total of 1,142 angiospermic taxa at species and infraspecific level spread over 619 genera and 124 families.  Of these 1,094 taxa are wild, which belong to 118 families and 586 genera.  Rest of the taxa are planted (34), and 14 introduced.  The taxa are classified as per the APG IV.  The  wild taxa include 20 magnolids, 285 monocots, one Ceratophyllales and 788 eudicots.  Out of these, 217 taxa are Indian endemics; which comprise about 19.84% of the total number of wild taxa (1,094) in the sanctuary and 5.04% of total Indian endemics (4,303).  Total 53 taxa are under different threat categories according to IUCN.  BWS harbours a significant extent of angiosperms in a very small geographic area.

scholarly journals Conservation and sustainable use of the medicinal Leguminosae plants from Angola

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Catarino ◽  
Maria Cristina Duarte ◽  
Esperança Costa ◽  
Paula Garcia Carrero ◽  
Maria M. Romeiras
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Sustainable Use ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Herbarium Collections ◽  
Erythrina Abyssinica ◽  
Rich Flora

Leguminosae is an economically important family that contains a large number of medicinal plants, many of which are widely used in African traditional medicine. Angola holds a great socio-cultural diversity and is one of the richest floristic regions of the world, with over 900 native Leguminosae species. This study is the first to assess the medicinal uses of the legumes in Angola and provides new data to promote the conservation and the sustainable use of these unique resources. We document the ethnobotanical knowledge on Angola by reviewing the most important herbarium collections and literature, complemented by recent field surveys. Our results revealed that 127 native legume species have medicinal uses and 65% of them have other important uses by local populations. The species with most medicinal applications areErythrina abyssinica, Bauhinia thonningiiandPterocarpus angolensis. The rich flora found in Angola suggests an enormous potential for discovery of new drugs with therapeutic value. However, the overexploitation and the indiscriminate collection of legumes for multiple uses such as forage, food, timber and medical uses, increases the threats upon the native vegetation. Efforts to assess the conservation status of these species are urgently needed, and future actions should promote the sustainable use of medicinal plants in Angola together with the implementation of conservation strategies.

scholarly journals Cryopreservation of Woody Crops: The Avocado Case

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 934
Author(s):  
Chris O’Brien ◽  
Jayeni Hiti-Bandaralage ◽  
Raquel Folgado ◽  
Alice Hayward ◽  
Sean Lahmeyer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Culture ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Recalcitrant Seed ◽  
In Vitro Storage ◽  
Germplasm Collections ◽  
Seed Crops

Recent development and implementation of crop cryopreservation protocols has increased the capacity to maintain recalcitrant seeded germplasm collections via cryopreserved in vitro material. To preserve the greatest possible plant genetic resources globally for future food security and breeding programs, it is essential to integrate in situ and ex situ conservation methods into a cohesive conservation plan. In vitro storage using tissue culture and cryopreservation techniques offers promising complementary tools that can be used to promote this approach. These techniques can be employed for crops difficult or impossible to maintain in seed banks for long-term conservation. This includes woody perennial plants, recalcitrant seed crops or crops with no seeds at all and vegetatively or clonally propagated crops where seeds are not true-to-type. Many of the world’s most important crops for food, nutrition and livelihoods, are vegetatively propagated or have recalcitrant seeds. This review will look at ex situ conservation, namely field repositories and in vitro storage for some of these economically important crops, focusing on conservation strategies for avocado. To date, cultivar-specific multiplication protocols have been established for maintaining multiple avocado cultivars in tissue culture. Cryopreservation of avocado somatic embryos and somatic embryogenesis have been successful. In addition, a shoot-tip cryopreservation protocol has been developed for cryo-storage and regeneration of true-to-type clonal avocado plants.

A Middle Assyrian Hoard from Khirbet Karhasan, Iraq

Iraq ◽  
1992 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 157-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Tucker ◽  
David S. Reese
Keyword(s):  
Western Slope ◽  
The South ◽  
North West ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The Right

Khirbet Karhasan was excavated by the British Archaeological Expedition to Iraq, as part of the Saddam Dam Salvage Project. The excavations brought to light a hoard of Middle Assyrian faience ornaments, which formed a coherent assemblage. Collections of similar ornaments are known from Assur and Nimrud where they have been variously interpreted as decorating the rich garments for a god, a divine image, and even the walls of temples. In the absence of any other persuasive view a hypothesis is advanced based on the evidence of archaeological context, iconographic associations and a viable reconstruction, that the ornaments are equally adaptable to the decoration of ceremonial horse-harness.The tell of Khirbet Karhasan is situated on the right bank of the Tigris approximately 75 km north-west of Mosul. The site on the edge of a prominent terrace overlooks a broad floodplain. In 1986, prior to the flooding of the site, the Tigris channel was 3 km north of the tell. The tell was sheltered by low hills which formed the western slope of the valley some 500 m to the south of the site. The hills rose some 40 m above the tell to approximately 50 m above the floodplain.

The value of agrobiodiversity: an analysis of consumers preference for tomatoes

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Chiara M. Posadinu ◽  
Monica Rodriguez ◽  
Fabio Madau ◽  
Giovanna Attene
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Genetic Resources ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Agrobiodiversity Conservation ◽  
Planning Strategies ◽  
Direct Use ◽  
Willingness To Contribute

Abstract The valorization of plant genetic resources and their direct use in local markets can make a significant contribution to the preservation of agrobiodiversity, while also contributing to the sustainability of rural communities. Indeed, plant genetic resources are a precious source of genes, and they represent an important crop heritage for the quality and sensory characteristics that are required by both farmers and consumers. However, an efficient strategy of agrobiodiversity conservation is strictly connected to product marketability and to consumer preferences. In the present study, choice experiments that involved 920 consumers were carried out to determine their willingness to pay for ancient local tomato varieties (landraces) rather than commercial varieties based on their preferences, and to determine how much they valued these products. The results obtained indicate that consumers are willing to pay premium prices for ancient local tomato varieties (an additional €0.90 kg−1), thus demonstrating their increasing attention to sustainable food and the willingness to contribute to agrobiodiversity conservation and enhancement. These results provide the basis for planning strategies and programs to support the cultivation of these landraces and the development of regional and national markets to acknowledge their characteristics, which will considerably increase the effectiveness and efficiency of conservation strategies.

Rottboellia husainii (Poaceae: Andropogoneae), a new grass species from Western Himalaya, India

Phytotaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 507 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-104
Author(s):  
SHAILJA TRIPATHI ◽  
SHUBHAM JAISWAL ◽  
DILESHWAR PRASAD ◽  
REKHA YADAV ◽  
GAURI SAXENA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Species ◽  
Western Himalaya ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Jammu And Kashmir ◽  
Taxonomic Key ◽  
A New Species

A new species of Rottboellia (Poaceae), R. husainii is described from Rakh Jargoh village in Ramban district of Jammu and Kashmir, India. The species is closely allied to R. cochinchinensis in possessing similar habit and inflorescence but differs in certain characters, which are discussed below. A detailed description, photographs and taxonomic key are provided for easy identification of the species in India.

scholarly journals A High-Density EST-SSR-Based Genetic Map and QTL Analysis of Dwarf Trait in Cucurbita pepo L.

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chenggang Xiang ◽  
Ying Duan ◽  
Hongbo Li ◽  
Wei Ma ◽  
Sanwen Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Map ◽  
Simple Sequence Repeats ◽  
Cucurbita Pepo ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
High Density ◽  
Oxidase Gene ◽  
Phenotypic Polymorphism ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Expressed Sequence ◽  
Simple Sequence

As one of the earliest domesticated species, Cucurbita pepo (including squash and pumpkin) is rich in phenotypic polymorphism and has huge economic value. In this research, using 1660 expressed sequence tags-simple sequence repeats (EST-SSRs) and 632 genomic simple sequence repeats (gSSRs), we constructed the highest-density EST-SSR-based genetic map in Cucurbita genus, which spanned 2199.1 cM in total and harbored 623 loci distributed in 20 linkage groups. Using this map as a bridge, the two previous gSSR maps were integrated by common gSSRs and the corresponding relationships around chromosomes in three sets of genomes were also collated. Meanwhile, one large segmental inversion that existed between our map and the C. pepo genome was detected. Furthermore, three Quantitative Trait Loci (QTLs) of the dwarf trait (gibberellin-sensitive dwarf type) in C. pepo were located, and the candidate region that covered the major QTL spanned 1.39 Mb, which harbored a predicted gibberellin 2-β-oxidase gene. Considering the rich phenotypic polymorphism, the important economic value in the Cucurbita genus species and several advantages of the SSR marker were identified; thus, this high-density EST-SSR-based genetic map will be useful in Pumpkin and Squash breeding work in the future.

Genetic gap analysis of wildHordeumtaxa

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-253 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holly Vincent ◽  
Roland von Bothmer ◽  
Helmut Knüpffer ◽  
Ahmed Amri ◽  
Jan Konopka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Gene Pools ◽  
Barley Plant ◽  
Genetic Reserve ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Global Inventory

To facilitate the updating ofin situandex situconservation strategies for wild taxa of the genusHordeumL., a combined ecogeographic survey and gap analysis was undertaken. The analysis was based on the Global Inventory of Barley Plant Genetic Resources held by ICARDA plus additional datasets, resulting in a database containing 17,131 wildHordeumaccessions. The analysis concluded that a genetic reserve should be established in the Mendoza Province of Argentina, as this is the most species-rich area globally forHordeum. A network of reserves should also be set up across the Fertile Crescent in Israel, Palestine, Syria, Jordan, Lebanon and Turkey to provide effective conservation within the centres of diversity for gene pools 1B (Hordeum vulgaresubsp.spontaneum(C. Koch) Thell.) and 2 (Hordeum bulbosumL.). The majority of the species were deemed under-collected, so further collecting missions are required worldwide where possible. Althoughex situandin situconservation strategies have been developed, there needs to be further investigation into the ecological environments thatHordeumspecies occupy to ensure that any adaptive traits expressed are fully conserved. Additionally, studies are required to characterize existing collections and test the viability of rare species accessions held in genebanks to determine whether furtherex situcollections are required alongside the proposedin situconservation.

scholarly journals Quantitative ethnopharmacological documentation and molecular confirmation of medicinal plants used by the Manobo tribe of Agusan del Sur, Philippines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Lloyd Granaderos Dapar ◽  
Grecebio Jonathan Duran Alejandro ◽  
Ulrich Meve ◽  
Sigrid Liede-Schumann
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Conservation Strategies ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Plant Use ◽  
Healthcare Improvement ◽  
Use Categories

Abstract Background Philippines is renowned as one of the species-rich countries and culturally megadiverse in ethnicity worldwide. Ethnomedicinal knowledge of Indigenous Cultural Communities/Indigenous Peoples (ICCs/IPs) is vital for biodiversity conservation and healthcare improvement. This study aims to document the traditional practices, medicinal plant use, and knowledge; to determine the relative importance, consensus, and the extent of all medicinal plants used; and to integrate molecular confirmation to some medicinal plants used by the Agusan Manobo. Methods Quantitative ethnopharmacological data were obtained using semi-structured interviews, group discussions, field observations, and guided field walks with a total of 335 key informants comprising of tribal chieftains, traditional healers, community elders and residents of the community with their traditional medical knowledge. The use categories (UC), use report (UR), fidelity level (FL), and informant consensus factors (ICF) were quantified. The informants' medicinal plant use knowledge and practices were statistically analyzed using the descriptive and inferential statistics Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Results A total of 122 medicinal plant species belonging to 108 genera and 51 families, used in 16 use categories, were collected and identified. Integrative molecular approach confirmed 24 species with uncertain identity using multiple universal markers. The highest ICF (0.96) was cited for the category of abnormal signs and symptoms (ASS). The maximum FL values of 100% were found for Carica papaya L., Premna odorata Blanco, Cinnamomum mercadoi S.Vidal, Tinospora crispa (L.) Hook.f. & Thomson, and Ficus concinna (Miq.) Miq. used for the treatment of dengue fever, cough with phlegm, stomach trouble, joint pain, and fracture and dislocation, respectively. The highest UR (1134) and UC (12) was reported for Anodendron borneense (King & Gamble) D.J.Middleton. Statistically, the medicinal plant knowledge among respondents was significantly different ( p <0.001) when grouped according to education, gender, position, occupation, civil status, and age but not significantly different ( p =0.379) when grouped according to location. Conclusion Documenting such traditional knowledge of medicinal plants and practices is highly important for future management and conservation strategies of these plant genetic resources. This quantitative ethnopharmacological study will serve as a future reference not only for more ethnopharmacological documentation but also for further pharmacological studies and public healthcare improvement.

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