An Assessment of Forest Product Harvesting in Community Forests: A Case from Community Forest of Mid-hills, Nepal

Proper harvesting of forest products is crucial for sustainable management but due to low level of skill in and awareness of harvesting, forest is deteriorating and harvesting forest products is wasteful. As harvesting is one of the important factors in minimizing waste and damage and achieving forest sustainability, this study was essential. This case from community forest (CF) of mid-hills region demonstrated the status of existing harvesting practices, tools and techniques used and recommended appropriate mechanism for improving such practices. Semi-structured questionnaire survey was performed with 40% of the total households, five key informant interviews and field observations during the harvesting process at the study site for gathering data. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and presented in charts and tables. The study revealed the use of traditional harvesting methods and conventional tools like sickle, bill-hook, and axe but limited use of modern tools. Deviation from the operation plan during block selection and harvesting of trees were observed. Appropriate tools and training to users along with regular monitoring by forest officials are needed. This study will help policy makers, planners and forest officials to make necessary provisions for improving harvesting practice in community forests of Nepal.

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Améliorer la compétitivité du bois de sciage légal en provenance de la zone agroforestière au Cameroun

Afrika Focus ◽

10.21825/af.v28i2.4865 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 28 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Romain Kana ◽

Norbert Sonne ◽

Barthelemy Ondua ◽

Patrick Tadjo ◽

Benjamin Ondo

Keyword(s):

Value Chain ◽

Rural Areas ◽

Poverty Reduction ◽

Community Forestry ◽

Rural Poverty ◽

Central Africa ◽

Forest Products ◽

Domestic Market ◽

Community Forest ◽

Community Forests

Since 1997, the year the first community forest in Cameroon was created, sawn wood from community forests has been facing difficulties to find a place in an expanding domestic market. The low competitiveness of community forest products is among the major obstacles to have them help reduce rural poverty as desired in the new forest policies in Central Africa. This article, from the work of the World Wide Fund for Nature team and organizations partners, identifies the factors explaining the low competitiveness of community forests in the domestic market and proposes by way of conclusion some strategies whose implementation will allow community forestry to play its full role in the supply of domestic markets, improving sustainable management of the agroforestry landscape and fostering poverty reduction in rural areas. Key words: wood value chain, artisanal logging, forest policy, community forests

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Kontribusi Pendapatan Hasil Hutan Bukan Kayu pada Usaha Hutan Rakyat Pola Agroforestri di Kabupaten Tasikmalaya

Jurnal Ilmu Kehutanan ◽

10.22146/jik.10181 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Dian Diniyati ◽

Budiman Achmad

Keyword(s):

Random Sampling ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Forest Products ◽

Food Plants ◽

Stratified Random Sampling ◽

Community Forest ◽

Community Forests ◽

Level 3 ◽

Level 1 ◽

Level 2

Hutan rakyat tidak hanya menghasilkan kayu akan tetapi juga memberikan hasil hutan bukan kayu (HHBK), malah pada beberapa tempat HHBK ini menjadi primadona. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mendapatkan data mengenai jumlah kontribusi pendapatan HHBK di hutan rakyat serta permasalahan dan keunggulan pengembangan HHBK. Kegiatan dilaksanakan di Desa Karyabakti Kecamatan Parungponteng Tasikmalaya, pada bulan Juni-Desember 2013. Obyek kajian adalah petani hutan rakyat yang dipilih secara stratified random sampling berdasarkan luas kepemilikan lahan hutan rakyat sebanyak 30 orang. Pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara wawancara dengan menggunakan kuisioner. Selanjutnya data yang terkumpul dianalis secara statistik dan disajikan secara diskriptif. Hasil kajian menunjukkan bahwa rata-rata responden memiliki lahan seluas 0,374 ha dan paling luas diperuntukkan untuk usaha hutan rakyat yaitu 0,246 ha atau 65,78 %. Pola tanam yang dikembangkan adalah pola agroforestri yaitu percampuran antara tanaman kayu dan HHBK yang merupakan tanaman perkebunan, tanaman buah, tanaman obat dan tanaman pangan. Periode pendapatan dari tanaman HHBK ini adalah mingguan, bulanan dan tahunan. Kontribusi HHBK terhadap total pendapatan hutan rakyat adalah 67,56% (strata 1), 63,93 % (strata 2) dan 75,11 % (strata 3) sedangkan kontribusi tanaman kayu sebesar 32,44 % (strata I), 36,07 % (strata II) dan 24,89 % (strata III). Dengan demikian, kontribusi HHBK setiap tahunnya jauh lebih tinggi namun sayangnya pengembangan HHBK ini belum maksimal, padahal hasilnya masih dapat lebih ditingkatkan. Salah satu kendala pengembangan HHBK adalah aspek budidaya yang diterapkan masih belum sesuai dengan standar operasional prosedur (SOP) dari Kementerian Kehutanan. Untuk itu, maka perlu upaya peningkatan HHBK salah satunya dengan transfer pengetahuan dan teknologi melalui penyuluhan.Kata kunci: hutan rakyat, hasil kayu, HHBK, kontribusi, pendapatan The contribution of income from Non Timber Forest Product to the agroforestry business in community forest in Tasikmalaya RegencyAbstractCommunity forests is not merely producing timbers, but also non timber forest products (NTFPs) which are even more important at several places. The objective of the research was to obtain the data with regard to the advantage of developing NTFPs from community forests and its contribution to income of farmer. This study was conducted at Karyamukti village, Parungponteng Sub-district, Tasikmalaya District from June to December 2013. Thirty forest farmers were selected by stratified random sampling technique based on the size of forest ownership. Questioners were used to support interviews during data collection activities. Collected data were statistically analyzed and presented descriptively. The result showed that respondents own land areas averagely 0.374 ha whereas 0.246 ha or 65.78 % of them were utilized for community forest business. The developed planting system was agroforestry i.e. mixing the timber plants with NTFP plants such as estate, fruity, medicinal, and food plants. The period income gained from NTFP could be weekly, monthly, and annually. Income contributions of NTFPs to total income from farm forest were 67.56 % (level 1), 63.93 % (level 2) and 75.11 % (level 3), while the income contributions of timbers were only 32.44 % (level 1), 36.07 % (level 2), and 24.89 % (level 3). The annual income contribution of NTFPs, therefore, was higher than the one from timbers. The contribution, actually, could be increased if the NTFPs were developed seriously. One constrain in the NTFPs development was the silviculture technique operated by farmers, which did not follow the standard operational procedure (SOP) issued by The Ministry of Agriculture. Based on that condition, efforts to improve NTFPs development by transferring the knowledge and technology through extension are urgently required.

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Utilization of Forest Resources and Socio‑Economic Development in Uukolonkadhi Community Forest of Namibia

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis ◽

10.11118/actaun201967010197 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 67 (1) ◽

pp. 197-206

Author(s):

Pavla Vrabcová ◽

Andreas Nikodemus ◽

Miroslav Hájek

Keyword(s):

Economic Development ◽

Rural Communities ◽

Forest Products ◽

Forest Resources ◽

Climatic Conditions ◽

Community Forest ◽

Community Forests ◽

Socio Economic Development ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

The Government

The project for community forest of Namibia has a mandate to ensure that rural communities manage and utilize forest resources sustainably in order to promote socio‑economic development. Despite the absence of true forests from Namibia, which makes it difficult for timber industry to grow, there is still an abundance of non‑timber forest products in Namibian forests. This research aimed at assessing the monetary value of non‑timber forest products in Uukolonkadhi Community Forest. The research covered the period of five production years. The value of nine selected non‑timber forest products was given in monetary terms. The results reveal that there is a potential to generate monetary income from community forests products. However, due to erratic climatic conditions, there are fluctuations in the income generation, most especially from the products that are directly dependent on the rainfall. Harvesting permits for poles was observed to be the main source of income. Some of the major observed challenges facing the project of community forest were the high level of illiteracy among the management staff. Therefore, it is of vital importance that more qualified foresters and forestry technicians are hired and allocated to all community forests. Furthermore, adequate funds are needed from the government and donors to support incentives and forest activities in community forests.

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Assessments of non-timber forest products status in the Guraferda district of Ethiopia

Innovations in Agriculture ◽

10.25081/ia.2018.v1.i2.1032 ◽

1970 ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Belay Haile Gessese

Keyword(s):

Household Survey ◽

Forest Products ◽

Microsoft Excel ◽

Key Informant ◽

The Status ◽

Important Health ◽

Non Timber Forest Products ◽

Bush Meat ◽

Key Informant Interview ◽

Interview Analysis

Forests and other vegetation resources in Guraferda district offer diverse NTFPs that provide substantial inputs for the livelihoods of the community. Thus, information regarding to the status of NTFPs of the district is vital for proper management of these resources. However, up to date information on the status of non-timber forest products in Guraferda district is found to be lacking. Therefore, this study was conducted to assess the status of NTFPs in the district. Information was collected through household survey and key informant interview. Analysis of data was accomplished through the use of SPSS (version 20) and Microsoft Excel software. Results of the study identified that important NTFPs of the district like honey, forest coffee, forest tuber, forest spices, important health care medicinal plants, Antiaris toxicaria tree with a bark that serves as cloth and sleeping mat preparation, edible forest leaves and fruits, and wild animals for bush meat consumption, that have significantly declined.

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A tragedy of non-timber forest resources in the mountain commons of Nepal

Environmental Conservation ◽

10.1017/s0376892903000286 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 283-292 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Bishnu Hari Pandit ◽

Gopal B. Thapa

Keyword(s):

Common Property ◽

Management Practices ◽

Group Discussion ◽

Sustainable Use ◽

Forest Products ◽

Resource Assessment ◽

Policy Framework ◽

Community Forest Management ◽

Community Forests ◽

The Status

There is increasing degradation of non-timber forest products (NTFPs) in the mountains of Nepal. It has been proposed that different components of a common property resource (CPR) do not undergo degradation at the same rate, as they are not managed in the same way under different types of property rights regimes. To examine this, information was collected through a survey of 324 households, community resource assessment ranking and group discussion in a small mountain watershed of Nepal. The study analysed NTFP collection and management practices under government and community forest management systems, and impact of these practices on the status of forest and NTFPs. The analysis based on people's perception revealed that NTFPs were being depleted more rapidly than timber components in both types of forest. The pace of depletion was, however, considerably lower in community forests, as these forests were accessible only to the relevant forest user group members. Depletion of NTFPs was due primarily to the lack of proper institutional arrangements, including the lack of a comprehensive government policy framework, for sustainable use and management of NTFPs.

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Consumption Pattern of Timber and Fuelwood in Community Forests: a case study from Sindhupalchok District

Banko Janakari ◽

10.3126/banko.v19i1.2179 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 23-28 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

D Lamichhane

Keyword(s):

Forest Products ◽

Strong Relationship ◽

Product Distribution ◽

Consumption Pattern ◽

Community Forest ◽

Fodder Trees ◽

Demand And Supply ◽

Community Forests ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Forest User

The study was carried out in four community forest user groups (CFUGs) of Sindhupalchok district of Nepal with a view to find out the consumption pattern of forest products especially timber and fuelwood from the community forests (CFs). A set of structured questionnaires was used to collect data from the respondents of the selected CFUGs. Four CFUGs were randomly selected from among those meeting the predetermined criteria such as: more than 5 years old, regularly harvesting timber and fuelwood, and active in forest management. With a 20% sampling intensity, 103 respondents were identified from the groups for household visit and personal interview. Records of forest product distribution together with a checklist of secondary data were obtained from the District Forestry Office (DFO) and the CFUG records. This data were analyzed using both descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results indicated that there was no significant difference in the use of timber and fuelwood among the users. Similarly, there was no correlation between the number of livestock and use of firewood. However, there was a strong relationship between the number of livestock and fodder trees on their farmland. There was a higher demand for fuelwood than timber but the pine-dominant community forests were found to be producing more timber, thereby creating a big gap between the demand and supply of firewood. However, the supply of timber was comparatively consistent with demand. Keywords: Community forest user group, demand and supply, farmland, fuelwood, timber doi: 10.3126/banko.v19i1.2179 Banko Janakari, Vol. 19, No. 1, 23-28

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Diversity and Population Status of Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPS) in Community Forests of Dovan, Palpa, Nepal

Journal of Natural History Museum ◽

10.3126/jnhm.v24i1.2233 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 24 ◽

pp. 21-46

Author(s):

Munesh R. Gubhaju ◽

Suresh K. Ghimire

Keyword(s):

Species Richness ◽

Plant Species ◽

Human Disturbance ◽

Vascular Plant ◽

Alpha Diversity ◽

Forest Products ◽

Physical Factors ◽

Gamma Diversity ◽

Community Forest ◽

Community Forests

Patterns of diversity and distribution of non-timber forest product species (NTFPs) were studied in three community forests of Dovan VDC, Palpa. Richness of total plant species and NTFP species was compared in different community forests in relation to forest size, altitude, human disturbance and other physical factors. A total of 143 vascular plant species have been documented from the study area among which 114 species were identified as potentially useful species (NTFPs). The gamma diversity of all species as well as NTFP species was high in large-sized community forest and low in smaller-sized community forest indicating area-based increase in habitat heterogeneity in maintaining overall landscape level species diversity. But species richness (alpha diversity) showed pattern related more with the level of human disturbance associated with the management practices. Key words: Species richness; Alpha diversity; Beta diversity; Gamma diversity; Altitude; Disturbance. Journal of Natural History MuseumVol. 24, 2009Page: 21-46

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The Strategy of Private Forest Development in Bandar Dalam Village Sidomulyo District South Lampung Regency

Jurnal Sylva Lestari ◽

10.23960/jsl17110-117 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 110

Author(s):

Victor Butar Butar ◽

Duryat . ◽

Rudi Hilmanto

Keyword(s):

Development Strategy ◽

Forest Products ◽

Forest Resources ◽

Private Forest ◽

Community Forest ◽

Private Forests ◽

Community Forests ◽

Forest Development ◽

The Development Strategy ◽

The Right

The community forest is an alternative solution to the problem of the pressure of forest resources. The benefits obtained by the community depend on the management carried out by community forest farmers. This study aims to see and analyse the strategy of developing community forests in Bandar Dalam Village. The study was conducted in May 2015. The data collected is the potential data of wood analysed quantitatively. Measurement of wood potential data was carried out using a 10m x 10m square measuring plot with a sampling intensity of 1.3%. Analysis of Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats was carried out to determine the right development in the community forests of Bandar Dalam Village. The community forest development strategy that needs to be implemented is the maintenance of trees, reducing the weakness of knowledge about forests by increasing knowledge about the benefits of forests and reducing threats by using simple technologies such as the use of complete agricultural tools and fertilisation.Keywords: forest products, wood private forests, the development strategy

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Nilai Ekonomi Langsung Berbagai Sistem Pengelolaan Hutan Rakyat di Desa Mirring, Kab. Polewali, Sulawesi Barat

Jurnal Hutan dan Masyarakat ◽

10.24259/jhm.v0i0.3983 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 185

Author(s):

Daud Irundu ◽

Andi Arafat ◽

Rahmania Rahmania

Keyword(s):

Forest Management ◽

Management System ◽

Economic Value ◽

Forest Products ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Forest Community ◽

Local Market ◽

Community Forest ◽

Mixed Stands ◽

Community Forests

Public forests are land ownership whose management is oriented to timber productivity, but in addition to timber under stands can also be cultivated food crops and environmental services all of which have economic value. Community forest management can provide direct and indirect economic benefits as an alternative source of economic income for the people of Mirring Village, Binuang District, Polman , West Sulawesi. This research aims to find out how much the direct economic value of community forest based on its management system which can then be used as a reference for future forest management plan. The research was conducted from March to December 2017. Data were collected using survey and interview methods, where the observed variables included descriptions of community forests, community forest productivity including timber and non-timber forest products, and local market prices. The analysis is done descriptively quantitative. The result of the research shows the highest economic value is in agroforestry forest management system of Rp.127.962.157, followed by mixed stands and monoculture system of Rp.97.894.958 and Rp.71.728.608, respectively. Products produced by community forests consist of timber and non-timber forest products.Keywords: economic value, forest community, Polman.

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Earthquake Impacts on the Livelihoods of Community Forest Users in Sindhupalchok District, Nepal, and Their Perceptions towards Forest Conservation

Conservation ◽

10.3390/conservation1040025 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (4) ◽

pp. 327-341

Author(s):

Sudha Adhikari ◽

Kazuhiro Harada ◽

Nabin Kumar Dahal ◽

Saroj Kandel

Keyword(s):

Forest Conservation ◽

Forest Products ◽

Sustainable Livelihood ◽

Nontimber Forest Products ◽

Community Forest ◽

Community Forests ◽

User Groups ◽

Forest User Groups ◽

Community Forest User Groups ◽

Forest User

Community forests are a crucial component of farming systems and people’s livelihoods in the rural middle hills of Nepal, where the population depends upon the forest for fuelwood, fodder, and leaf litter for their daily needs. This study aims to assess the perception of community forest user groups towards their postearthquake situations by using the five forms of capital from the sustainable livelihood framework. It further analyzes whether forest user’s attitudes towards forest conservation have changed or not. In addition to household interviews with 68 earthquake-affected households and extensive visits to the study area, key informant interviews and focus group discussions were conducted. This study confirms that the community forest user groups perceived negative effects on the natural, physical, human, and financial capitals, whereas they perceived a positive effect on social capital after the earthquake. Controlled access to forest products, such as timber collection during the recovery phase, restricted their resilience, although nontimber forest products supported it. Low agricultural production because of the scarcity of water for irrigation, as well as the soil infertility because of the landslides, caused local people to shift towards nonagricultural activities for income generation. Further, out-migration for job opportunities resulted in an inflow of remittances and, thus, manpower shortages were observed. Our results show that, despite facing the postdisaster impact on their livelihoods, 92% of the respondents were found to be positive towards forest conservation. This was because of their emotional attachment to the forest and the benefits received from the forest in the past. Local institutional policies and mechanisms must be strengthened to provide communities with the knowledge, skills, and practices for effective postdisaster recovery or for upcoming disasters, as well as the benefits of promoting sustainable forest conservation.

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