scholarly journals Revitalizing Irrigation Systems for Food Security: Vision and Approaches in Nepal Irrigation Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 44-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prachanda Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Central Agency ◽  
Growing Population

By 2050, Asia will have to face the challenge of feeding 1.5 billion extra populations. Similarly, the population of Nepal, 26 million in 2011, will also be double by 2050. Food demand will be increasing corresponding to the increase of the population. Nepal’s irrigation sector must first be revitalized to unlock its potential by introducing innovative practices and changing the ways it is governed and managed. Irrigated agriculture holds great potentiality to meet the development challenges and key to increased agriculture production to feed the growing population of Nepal. Besides, increasing the agriculture production, irrigation helps promote Green Revolution, contributes for poverty alleviation, and helps promote rural growth, and food security among people. Dilapidated irrigation systems affects on all these fronts of development issues. It is, therefore, necessary to revitalize the irrigation sector to feed growing population, to ensure livelihood and poverty alleviation and maximize the benefit of available natural resources like water to get more production from limited land availability.Hence, the revitalizing irrigation systems to meet the food demands of the future are to be considered in an integrated manner consisting infrastructure rehabilitation, investment to raise yield productivity from irrigated land and promotion of appropriate institutions and innovative management modes. There are different agencies that influence the policy and implementation of irrigation sector of Nepal. The central agency is necessary for planning, investment, monitoring, and evaluation of the sector in the larger context. At present, one feels the absence of such central agency which overlooks the overall irrigation sector in compassing all sizes and types and technologies as the national resources.Pigs are neglected domestic animal species reared under poor care and management. Chwanche, Hurra and Bampudke are major native pigs of Nepal whereas Landrace, Yarkshire, Pakhribash Black, Tamworth and Durock are the introduced pigs. A survey was conducted in selected districts of Nepal in order to understand feeding system of indigenous pigs and also collect feed samples for chemical analysis. In all surveyed sites, the pig herd size was relatively small (2-4/farm). Kitchen waste from home or hotel, local seasonal vegetable or fruit i.e. non-consumable for human being, local sweet potato and their vines (in few areas), roots and tubers and their leaves such as- Pindalu (Clocasea sps), Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatus L), Turnip (Brassia rape) and Radish (Raphnes sativa L), rice bran and maize fl our were the major feed ingredients. Sweet potato had high energy content as compared to other roots and tubers and was comparable to rice bran and maize which are the major sources of energy in livestock feeds. Findings thus indicated that roots and tubers in rural areas could be an alternative as of energy rich feed ingredients which could be utilized if maize and rice bran are expensive and unavailable. Further research on level of feeding, conservation technique and varietals improvement is needed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v11i1.7202 Hydro Nepal Special Issue: Conference Proceedings 2012 pp.42-43

scholarly journals Roots and Tubers: An Alternate Energy Rich Feed Ingredients for Rural Pig Production

2012 ◽  
pp. 42-43
Author(s):  
Netra Prasad Osti ◽  
Pulkit Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Domestic Animal ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Feed Ingredients ◽  
Livestock Feeds ◽  
Native Pigs

Pigs are neglected domestic animal species reared under poor care and management. Chwanche, Hurra and Bampudke are major native pigs of Nepal whereas Landrace, Yarkshire, Pakhribash Black, Tamworth and Durock are the introduced pigs. A survey was conducted in selected districts of Nepal in order to understand feeding system of indigenous pigs and also collect feed samples for chemical analysis. In all surveyed sites, the pig herd size was relatively small (2-4/farm). Kitchen waste from home or hotel, local seasonal vegetable or fruit i.e. non-consumable for human being, local sweet potato and their vines (in few areas), roots and tubers and their leaves such as- Pindalu (Clocasea sps), Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatus L), Turnip (Brassia rape) and Radish (Raphnes sativa L), rice bran and maize flour were the major feed ingredients. Sweet potato had high energy content as compared to other roots and tubers and was comparable to rice bran and maize which are the major sources of energy in livestock feeds. Findings thus indicated that roots and tubers in rural areas could be an alternative as of energy rich feed ingredients which could be utilized if maize and rice bran are expensive and unavailable. Further research on level of feeding, conservation technique and varietals improvement is needed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hn.v11i1.7202 Hydro Nepal Special Issue: Conference Proceedings 2012 pp.42-43

scholarly journals Efficiency of Sweet Potato Farmers in Nigeria: Potentials for Food Security and Poverty Alleviation

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 01-06 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.M Ahmad ◽  
◽  
Makama, S. A ◽  
V.R Kiresur ◽  
Amina B. S.
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Poverty Alleviation

scholarly journals Speaking the same language: can the sustainable development goals translate the needs of inland fisheries into irrigation decisions?

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (9) ◽  
pp. 1211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail J. Lynch ◽  
Lee J. Baumgartner ◽  
Craig A. Boys ◽  
John Conallin ◽  
Ian G. Cowx ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Food Security ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Sustainable Development Goals ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Inland Fisheries ◽  
Development Goals ◽  
Zero Hunger

Irrigated agriculture and inland fisheries both make important contributions to food security, nutrition, livelihoods and wellbeing. Typically, in modern irrigation systems, these components operate independently. Some practices, commonly associated with water use and intensification of crop production can be in direct conflict with and have adverse effects on fisheries. Food security objectives may be compromised if fish are not considered in the design phases of irrigation systems. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development provides a framework that can serve as a backdrop to help integrate both sectors in policy discussions and optimise their contributions to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Inland fisheries systems do play an important role in supporting many SDG objectives, but these contributions can sometimes be at odds with irrigated agriculture. Using case studies of two globally important river catchments, namely the Lower Mekong and Murray–Darling basins, we highlight the conflicts and opportunities for improved outcomes between irrigated agriculture and inland fisheries. We explore SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) as a path to advance our irrigation systems as a means to benefit both agriculture and inland fisheries, preserving biodiversity and enhancing the economic, environmental and social benefits they both provide to people.2

Uzbekistan’s Aquatic Environment and Water Management as an Area of Interest for Hydrology and Thematic Tourism

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 642
Author(s):  
Jacek RÓŻKOWSKI ◽  
Mariusz RZĘTAŁA
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Groundwater Resources ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Aral Sea ◽  
Irrigated Agriculture ◽  
Human Consumption ◽  
Irrigation Systems ◽  
Natural Lakes ◽  
Area Of Interest

The functioning of Uzbekistan’s economy is closely linked to the water resources of its huge cross-border rivers: the Amu Darya and the Syr Darya, as well as to the groundwater present within their basins. Both natural lakes and artificial reservoirs (e.g. the Aydar-Arnasay system of lakes, the Kayrakkum Reservoir, the Chardarya Reservoir) are present there, which retain significant amounts of water, and large canals with lengths of up to several hundred kilometres which involve complex hydraulic structures are used for irrigation purposes. All these are components of a water management system which needs optimisation; as much as 80% of agricultural land is irrigated, with 70% of the water being lost due to inefficient irrigation systems. The consequence of this allocation of river flows and the overuse of water in irrigation systems has been the disappearance of the Aral Sea (1960 year – 68,900 km2, 2017 year – 8,600 km2) and the inflow of water into the Sarygamysh Lake as well as the reduction of Uzbekistan’s groundwater resources by about 40%. The intensive development of irrigated agriculture is associated with changes in surface and groundwater quality caused, inter alia, by the increased use of chemicals in agriculture and the discharge of collector-drainage waters into river systems as well as their reuse. The extent of environmental degradation in some areas (especially in the Aral Sea region) is unique on a global scale. The origins of Uzbekistan’s other hydrological tourist attractions are related to attempts to ensure the availability of water for both human consumption and industrial use under conditions of water scarcity in the country’s arid and semi-arid climates. Not just the spectacular watercourses and water bodies present there (e.g. rivers, lakes, canals), but also small water retention facilities and minor infrastructure elements (e.g. wells, springs and retention basins, canals, ditches and flow control structures) are of potential tourist importance.

scholarly journals Food Security and Income through Sweet Potato Production in Teso, Uganda

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
William Faustine Epeju ◽  
Peter Milton Rukundo
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Potato Production ◽  
Grain Legumes ◽  
Agricultural System ◽  
Sweet Potatoes ◽  
Sustainable Food ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative Methods ◽  
Adequate Food

Two relevant studies on food security are referred to in the article. Food insecurity from time to time threatens in Teso sub region which houses a viable Teso agricultural system. One study was done during 2001-2003 in Teso on sweet potato production with 650 persons participating and the second one was done in one disaster affected area of Bududa District nearby during 2012-2016 when 1,142 persons participated. Kiryandongo District where Bududa landslide survivors were resettled in Uganda was included in that study. Participatory methods such as focus group discussions, farm observations, in-depth interviews, and questionnaires were used. Both studies used qualitative and quantitative methods for data analysis. The sweet potato stands second after cassava as the crop for famine and disaster periods in Teso to meet the human right to adequate food to complement the well dried cereals & grain legumes that stored longer. Livestock especially was also one of the prime determinants of food security and income in Teso. Free from cyanides with a good content of affordable Vitamin A from orange fleshed varieties, sweet potatoes in Teso contributed about 61% to the yearly food per capita of the population thus a recommendable crop for sustainable food security and some income in Teso and beyond. 

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