scholarly journals Mycelial growth observation of Pleurotus eryngii (Higher Basidiomycota) In Vitro

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Nadhim Owaid ◽  
Sajid SS Al-Saeedi ◽  
Idham Ali Abed
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Pleurotus Eryngii ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Date Palm Fibers ◽  
King Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Vigorous Growth

Five agro-substrates including date palm fibers (fibrillum), wheat straw, white sawdust and their combinations were investigated to grow Pleurotus eryngii. The longer mycelium complete time within bags was 20 days on sawdust (S4), in contrast, the shorter time for mycelium overgrew was completed after 15 days on date palm fiber (S5). In significant (p<0.05), S5 showed the higher growth intensity level (vigorous growth) than other substrates. Thus use of date palm wastes (S5 medium) may be useful for successfully cultivation king oyster mushroom in farm.International Journal of Environment Vol.5(3) 2016, pp.1-10

scholarly journals Recycling of Date-Palm Fiber to Produce Pleurotus Cornucopiae Var. Citrinopileatus Mushroom

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
Mustafa Nadhim Owaid ◽  
Sajid Salahuddin Saleem Al-Saeedi ◽  
Idham Ali Abed
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera ◽  
Biological Efficiency ◽  
Intensity Level ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Bright Yellow ◽  
Phoenix Dactylifera L ◽  
Date Palm Fibers

In this study, some local available organic matters, which are including wheat straw (Triticum aestivum), sawdust, and fiber of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.), were used for growing and cultivating of bright yellow oyster mushroom Pleurotus cornucopiae var. citrinopileatus. The possibility of using date palm fiber (in mixtures with other organic residues) as a substrate for the cultivation and production of fruiting bodies of P. cornucopiae var. citrinopileatus was investigated. This mushroom is capable of biorecycling and utilization of some mixtures of lignocellulosic substrates successfully, especially the mixture S3 (50% wheat straw, 30% sawdust, and 20% date palm fiber). The lower mycelia completion time was 17 days, that shown in bags of the S3 substrate. Date-palm fiber substrate exhibited best growth intensity level (moderate) significantly (p<0.05). The total yield and biological efficiency percent recorded approx. 90 g and 23% on the S3 substrate respectively, as a higher percent significantly (p<0.05), while sawdust substrate alone was an unsuitable medium for cultivation and production of this mushroom. Finally, the use of date-palm fibers in mixtures is usefulness in producing a fresh edible and medicinal mushroom.INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTVolume-5, Issue-4, Sep-Nov 2016, page: 56-65

scholarly journals Antifungal activity of cultivated oyster mushrooms on various agro-wastes

2017 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Nadhim Owaid ◽  
Sajid Salahuddin Saleem Al-Saeedi ◽  
Idham Ali Abed Al-Assaffii
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Inhibition Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Fruiting Bodies ◽  
Disc Diffusion Method ◽  
Date Palm Fibers

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the antifungal activity of four fruiting bodies of oyster mushroom harvested from three agro-substrates in vitro. At three concentrations (2, 4 and 8 mg/disc), extracts discs of Pleurotus ostreatus (grey), P. ostreatus var. florida, P. cornucopiae var. citrinopileatus and P. salmoneostramineus were tested against three fungal pathogens: Trichoderma harzianum (after 2 days), Verticillium sp. and Pythium sp. (after 5 days) via the Disc Diffusion Method. The highest overall activity was by the extract disc Y2 (P. cornucopiae grown on M2 substrate; 70% wheat straw, 20% hardwood sawdust and 10% date palm fibers) and the lowest by Y1 (P. cornucopiae grown on wheat straw). The best inhibition zone was 16 mm toward T. harzianum by extract disc W2 (2 mg/disc) (P. ostreatus var. florida grown on M2 substrate), compared with 23 mm with Nystatin disc (100 U), followed 7 and 5 mm by P3 (P. salmoneostramineus grown on M3 substrate; 50% wheat straw, 30% hardwood sawdust and 20% date palm fibers) extract disc (8 mg/disc) against Pythium sp., and (4 mg/disc) against Verticillium sp., respectively.

scholarly journals Thermo-mechanical characterization of a bio-composite mortar reinforced with date palm fiber

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 155892502094823
Author(s):  
Samir Benaniba ◽  
Zied Driss ◽  
Mokhtar Djendel ◽  
Elhadj Raouache ◽  
Rabah Boubaaya
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Composite Material ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Natural Fibers ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Date Palm Fibers

Due to respect for the environment and the search for more sustainable materials, scientists have started in recent decades to launch studies on bio-composite materials. It is well known that building materials are among the most commonly used materials and have an obvious negative impact on the environment. The development of environmentally friendly composites as insulating materials in buildings offers practical solutions to reduce energy consumption. Therefore, this work presents the use of a new bio-composite material composed of natural fibers, date palm fibers, cement, and sand. In addition, the study on the effect of adding date palm fibers on the thermo-mechanical characteristics of mortars assesses the thermal insulation properties as well as the water absorption and mechanical performance of this new bio-composite material to use it in the construction of buildings. The percentage by weight of date palm fiber in the test samples varied from 0% to 30% for a fiber size of length equal to 7 mm. The characteristics of these samples were determined experimentally in terms of resistance to bending and compression as well as thermal conductivity. The results show that while increasing the weight of date palm fiber, an obviously reduction in thermal conductivity, flexural, and compressive strength of the composite is observed. Hence, date palm fiber has a positive effect on the thermo-mechanical properties of the composite material. Therefore, it considerably improves the insulating capacity of the mortar.

scholarly journals Effect of the Fiber Treatment on the Stiffness of Date Palm Fiber Reinforced PP Composites: Macro and Micromechanical Evaluation of the Young’s Modulus

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1693
Author(s):  
Belgacem Chihaoui ◽  
Ferran Serra-Parareda ◽  
Quim Tarrés ◽  
Francesc Xavier Espinach ◽  
Sami Boufi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Glass Fibers ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Date Palm Fibers ◽  
Fiber Treatment ◽  
Pp Composites

The present work aims at determining the potential of date palm wastes to be applied as reinforcement in polypropylene. For this, fibers were separated from the raw biomass via mechanical defibration in Sprout Waldron equipment. Then, three different treatment strategies were adopted on the fibers, being (i) mechanical, (ii) chemical with NaOH, and (iii) enzymatical with xylanases and pectinases. Fibers were characterized in terms of chemical composition, morphology and SEM. Additionally, PP was reinforced with date palm fibers and the composites’ stiffness was evaluated. The analysis was performed from a macro and micro mechanical viewpoint. The incorporation of 40 and 60 wt.% of DPF-E enhanced the Young’s modulus of PP by 205 and 308%, respectively. The potential of enzymatically treated fibers to replace glass fibers in composites was studied, exhibiting similar stiffening abilities at 60 wt.% of date palm fiber (6.48 GPa) and 40% of glass fibers (6.85 GPa). The intrinsic Young’s modulus of the fibers was set at values around 16, 20 and 24 GPa for mechanical, chemical and enzymatic fibers. From the micromechanical analysis, the efficiency of the reinforcement as well as the contribution of the length and orientation to the Young’s modulus of the composite was evaluated.

scholarly journals Effect of Nutritive Media and PH on in vitro Mycelial Growth of some Pleurotus eryngii Strains

2016 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 276
Author(s):  
Alexandru Valentin Zagrean ◽  
Gicuta Sbirciog ◽  
Mihaela Alina Buzatu ◽  
Iuliana Mandru
Keyword(s):  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Culture Media ◽  
Weak Acid ◽  
Pleurotus Eryngii ◽  
Mycelium Growth ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Mycelial Growth Rate ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Optimal Values

The mycelial growth rate of 4 strains of Pleurotus eryngii was first studied on different culture media - MEA, PDA and WEA (wheat extract agar). In the next experiment, we checked the mycelial growth on the same medium but at 3 different pHs. MEA medium ensured the highest growth rates for all the strains under test, followed by PDA. Pery-G strain showed the fastest growing rate on MEA (5.79 mm day-1) and PDA (3.04 mm day-1), respectively. Test concerning the mycelium growth on PDA at different initial pH values (5.5, 6.0, 6.5) showed the preference of our P.eryngii strains for media with weak acid to the neutral reaction , the optimal values being 6.0. There were no big differences among mycelium growing rates of the same strain for the three pH variants

scholarly journals In vitro antifungal activity of endophytic bacteria isolated from date palm (Phoenix doctylifera L.) against fungal pathogens causing leaf spot of date palm

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. H. Al-Nadabi ◽  
N. S. Al-Buraiki ◽  
A. A. Al-Nabhani ◽  
S. N. Maharachchikumbura ◽  
R. Velazhahan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Spot ◽  
Endophytic Bacteria ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Fungal Pathogens ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Bacterial Endophytes ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Culture Filtrates

Abstract Background Date palm ((Phoenix doctylifera L.) suffers from several fungal diseases. The endophytic microorganisms present in higher plants generally offer protection to their host plants against invading phytopathogenic fungi and bacteria. In the present study, endophytic bacteria associated with date palm leaves were isolated and their in vitro antagonistic potential against fungal pathogens causing leaf spots in date palm was demonstrated. Results Endophytic bacteria were isolated from date palm leaves of 3 different cultivars viz., Nighal, Khalas and Khinaizi and evaluated for their inhibitory activity against leaf spot pathogens of date palm viz., Fusarium solani, Alternaria sp., Nigrospora sp., Thieloviopsis sp., Curvularia subpapendrofii and Tilletiopsis minor using an in vitro dual culture assay. Of the 24 endophytic bacterial strains tested, the endophytes designated B1, B7, B8 and B9 obtained from cv. Nighal showed inhibitory activities (more than 55% mycelial growth inhibition) against F. solani and Alternaria sp. None of the bacterial endophytes inhibited the growth of other fungal pathogens tested. These antagonistic bacterial strains were identified as Pantoea septica on the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. The hyphae of F. solani and Alternaria sp. exhibited morphological abnormalities such as shrinkage and disintegration when grown in the presence of antagonistic bacterial endophytes. The cell-free culture filtrates of the bacterial endophytes caused inhibition of mycelial growth and induced leakage of electrolytes from the mycelia of F. solani and Alternaria sp. This is the first study that describes inhibition of the date palm pathogens F. solani and Alternaria sp. by P. septica. Conclusion Endophytic Pantoea septica strains isolated from date palm leaves inhibited the mycelial growth of F. solani and Alternaria sp. and induced morphological changes in their mycelia. The culture filtrates of these bacterial strains also inhibited the mycelial growth and caused leakage of electrolytes from the mycelia of F. solani and Alternaria sp. These promising bacterial strains can be exploited as biocontrol agents to control F. solani and Alternaria sp.-induced leaf spot diseases of date palm.

Analysis of Sound Absorption of Date Palm Fibers Based on Flow Resistivity

2013 ◽  
Vol 471 ◽  
pp. 285-290 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elwaleed Awad Khidir ◽  
Mojahed Osman Mohammed Ali ◽  
Mohammed Mustafa Ali ◽  
Mohd Faizal Bin Mat Tahir ◽  
Rozli Zulkifli
Keyword(s):  
Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Sound Absorption ◽  
Date Palm ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Sound Absorption Coefficient ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Palm Fiber ◽  
Date Palm Fibers ◽  
Flow Resistivity ◽  
Fiber Sample

This paper presents a study on the sound absorption properties of a single layer date palm fiber based on the flow resistivity. Experimental measurements were carried out to estimate the flow resistivity value using differential pressure tube. The average diameter of the fibers is 0.462 mm. A date palm fiber sample of 25mm thickness is used in this research. The flow resistivity of the date palm fiber sample was found to be 4.26 kPa.s/m2. The flow resistivity was used to calculate the sound absorption coefficient using Delany and Bazley model. The simulation showed that the values of absorption coefficient are small at low frequencies and rising with increasing frequency. To check the effect of flow resistivity on the sound absorption coefficient Delany and Bazley model was simulated for three different flow resistivity values. The simulation results showed that the sound absorption coefficient increases with the increase of the flow resistivity.

scholarly journals In vitro investigation of King Oyster Mushroom [Pleurotus eryngii (DC.: Fr.) Quel.] strains in vegetative growing phases

2010 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Szarvas ◽  
Z. Naár ◽  
A. Geösel ◽  
J. Győrfi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Pleurotus Eryngii ◽  
Oyster Mushroom ◽  
In Vitro Experiments ◽  
Valuable Data ◽  
In Vitro Investigation ◽  
King Oyster Mushroom ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
Aerobic And Anaerobic

The king oyster mushroom ( Pleurotus eryngii) is more and more popular amongst the producers due to its excellent taste and relatively easy cultivation . In the course of our work we collected 15 king oyster mushroom strains from various habitats in Hungary in order to get a better picture about the growth of the vegetative mycelia of the species and its different strains. In the in vitro experiments we investigated the growth of the strains at various temperatures and pH. incubated them in light and darkness and in aerobic and anaerobic atmosphere. In addition to these we measured the weight of dry mycelia produced in a given time by the strains. Our results showed that the above mentioned environmental conditions resulted in a very different growth rate of the vegetative mycelia of the various P. eryngii strains. These results may provide valuable data about the vegetative phase of the cultivation.

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