scholarly journals Effectiveness of Entonox use in pain and comfort level of parturient mothers during first stage of labor

2019 ◽  
pp. 11
Author(s):  
Sruthi James
Keyword(s):  
Pain Relief ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Natural Childbirth ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
First Stage Of Labor

Background: Natural childbirth is a beautiful experience with many safe options and benefits. Labor pain is widely viewed as being nothing more than the perception of unpleasant sensation. Many methods have been used for pain relief which constitutes non-pharmacological methods such as relaxation therapy and others are by pharmacological agents. Entonox, homogenous gas mixture of 50:50 nitrous oxide and oxygen, a form of inhalation analgesia is very effective in reducing pain and thereby progressing to painless vaginal delivery. The usage of Entonox is known worldwide, however its usage in Kerala is comparably very less. The objective of the study was to assess the effectiveness of inhalation analgesia (Entonox) in pain and comfort during first stage of labor among parturient mothers. Materials and methods: A quasi-experimental pretest – posttest control group with 60 mothers (30 each in experimental and control) was the adopted design with parturient mothers in 37-40 weeks of gestation from selected hospitals in Kollam, Kerala. Demographic proforma, visual analogue scale and comfort assessment checklist were the tools used. The statistically significant relationships were identified by descriptive and inferential statistics. Ethical clearance was granted by the committee in Kollam, Kerala. Results: Out of 60, 45% of the mothers were in the age group of 24-29 years, 35 % had undergone upper primary education, 61.7% were primi gravidae and 55% of them were in the gestational age of 39-40 weeks. The mean post interventional pain score of the experimental group was lower than that of control group (4.07/9.93, p < 0.05). Also, the mean post interventional comfort score of the experimental group was lower than that of control group (7.37/15.77, p < 0.05). Conclusion: Entonox provides significant pain relief and improves comfort and it can be quickly implemented during painful labor. By further exploration and research studies would help the mothers be free to choose the harmless Entonox during labor.

scholarly journals Effect of Ambulation during First Stage of Labor on Labor Pain and Outcome of Labor among the Primigravida Mothers in a Selected Hospital, Mangalore

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
V Savitha ◽  
Sabitha Nayak ◽  
Shynee Paul
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Normal Vaginal Delivery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
First Stage Of Labor

ABSTRACT Objectives • To assess the intensity of labor pain and outcome of labor among the control group. • To assess the effectiveness of ambulation on intensity of labor pain and outcome of labor among the experimental group. • To assess the usefulness of ambulation by opinionnaire among experimental group. • To compare the effectiveness of ambulation on the intensity of labor pain and outcome of labor among experimental and control groups. • To find an association between the intensity of labor pain with selected demographic variables. Materials and methods An experimental research approach was used for the study. Random sampling technique was used to allocate the subjects into experimental and control groups. Visual analog scale was used to assess the intensity of pain and observational check list was used to assess the outcome of labor. The study comprised of 40 primigravida mothers and they were grouped as experimental and control through randomization. One group received ambulation treatment, the other did not. The researcher then observed the groups to determine the effect of the treatment. Results The collected data was analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics. The intensity of pain revealed that 40% in the experimental and 55% in the control groups experienced severe pain. The labor augmentation revealed that both oxytocin and cerviprime gel was used for 30% in the experimental and 35% in the control groups. On the mode of delivery, majority of mothers (60%) had normal vaginal delivery both in experimental and control groups. On the duration of the first stage of labor revealed that 50% in the experimental and 20% in the control groups were between 10 to 12 hours. Second stage of labor revealed that majority were between 1 and 2 hours in both the control and experimental groups. The opinion of experimental group mothers on ambulation revealed that half of the mothers (50%) agreed for recommending the ambulation for their neighbors and friends and less than half (35%) of them have agreed for comfort during first stage of labor and 40% of them have agreed for ambulation should be made as a routine in labor room. In the experimental group, mean pain score (6.8) is less than the control group (7.5). The calculated Mann-Whitney Z-value (2.045) is greater than the Z α-value of 1.960 at 0.05 level of significance. In the experimental group, the mean duration of first stage of labor score (3.95) is significantly higher than the control group mean score (3.00). The mean outcome of labor in experimental group (13.95) is greater than the control group. Conclusion There was a significant difference in the duration of first stage of labor between the experimental and control groups. But, there was no significant difference in the overall outcome of labor between experimental and control groups. There was no significant association between intensity of labor pain with selected demographic variables. This may be because of small sample size. How to cite this article Savitha V, Nayak S, Paul S. Effect of Ambulation during First Stage of Labor on Labor Pain and Outcome of Labor among the Primigravida Mothers in a Selected Hospital, Mangalore. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2013;5(1):1-3.

scholarly journals The effects of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation during the first stage of labor: a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Njogu ◽  
Si Qin ◽  
Yujie Chen ◽  
Lizhen Hu ◽  
Yang Luo
Keyword(s):  
Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Electrical Nerve Stimulation ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Active Labor ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
First Stage Of Labor

Abstract Background Labor pain during childbirth can have devastating effects on the progress of labor, mother, and fetus. Consequently, the management of labor pain is crucial for the well-being of the mother and fetus. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) is a non -pharmacological analgesic technique. It uses a low-voltage electrical current to activate descending inhibitory systems in the central nervous system to relieve pain. This study aimed to determine the effects of TENS therapy in the first stage of labor. Methods In this single-blind randomized controlled trial, we screened low-risk pregnant women who anticipated spontaneous vaginal delivery. Women were assigned (1:1) to either the experimental group (received TENS therapy in the first stage of labor) or the control group (received routine obstetric care). The women, midwives, and researchers working in the gynecology and obstetric department were aware of the treatment group, but statisticians analysis the data were blinded. The primary outcome was labor pain intensity, assessed by visual analog scale (VAS) immediately after the randomization, at 30, 60, and 120 min after TENS therapy, and 2–24 h post-delivery. We used SPSS 21.0 software in data analysis. An independent sample t-test compared the mean VAS scores and labor duration between groups. A Chi-square test was employed to compare categorical variables between the groups. A significant level of ≤0.05 was statistically significant. Results A total of 326 pregnant women were eligible: experimental group (n = 161) and control group (n = 165). The experimental group had statistically significantly lower mean VAS scores at a different time (30, 60, and 120 min post-intervention and 2–24 h post-delivery) than the control group (p < 0.001). The experimental group demonstrated a statistically significant shorter duration of the active labor phase than the control group (p < 0.001). Conclusion This study indicates that TENS can be used as a non-pharmacological therapy to reduce pain and shorten the active labor phase. Trial registration ISRCTN registry, ISRCTN23857995. Registered on 11/12/2020, ‘retrospectively registered.

A STUDY ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF USING ALPHABET CARDS GAME IN TEACHING VOCABULARY FOR COMMERCIAL BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION STUDENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 54
Author(s):  
Arita Destianingsih ◽  
Ari Satria
Keyword(s):  
Business Administration ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Business Administration Students ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Administration Students

The aim of this study was to know the effectiveness of the use of alphabet cards game as interesting tool to explain vocabularies and it make it easier to remember their meanings. This study belongs to the quasi experimental research and presents pre-test, post test and to investigate the effect of using alphabet cards game on vocabulary mastery of commercial business administration students. The participants were the students from commercial business administration students at the third semester (N=54) of State Polytechnic Bengkalis and divided into two groups. Both groups were taught vocabulary, however, the experimental group students who are exposed to alphabet cards game and the controlled group students who received conventional method. Pre-test and post-test were given to both experimental group students and controlled group students. The score of the vocabulary tests were compared through independent sample t-test. The mean value of pre-test of experimental class was 61.35, while the control class was 52.23. After learning using alphabet card games in experimental class the mean value obtained in post-test was 78.85, while in control class was 59.04.  The improved of learning outcomes can be seen from the level of significance was 0.000 and it was lower than t test 0.000<0.05.  It means that the hypothesis null is not accepted. Therefore, it can be concluded that the score of the students in learning vocabulary between the experimental group and control group was significantly different. The experimental group students who learned vocabulary using alphabet cards game had increased their vocabulary mastery.

scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of Teaching Aesthetic Skills to Faculty Members on Development of Their Effective Teaching Performance1

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hassan Eslamian ◽  
Seyed Ebrahim Mirshah Jafari ◽  
Mohammad Reza Neyestani
Keyword(s):  
Effective Teaching ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Learning Processes ◽  
Faculty Members ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Teaching Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractThis quasi-experimental study investigated the effect of teaching aesthetic skills to faculty members on development of their effective teaching performance through a two-group pretest-posttest design. The sample included 32 faculty members at a major Iranian university who were divided into the experimental (11 participants) and control groups (21 participants). The experimental group was taught to use aesthetic skills in the teaching and learning processes; however, no intervention was applied to the control group. To evaluate the effective teaching performance of the faculty members, a tailor-made questionnaire was used in two pretest and posttest stages, where randomly chosen students were asked to express their opinions about the faculty membersí performance. The sample size of the students was 1096 in the pretest stage and 935 in the posttest stage. Paired t-test results showed that there was no significant difference between the mean effective teaching scores of the faculty members in the control group in the pretest stage and in the posttest stage. However, the mean effective teaching scores of the faculty members in the experimental group were found to be significantly higher in the posttest. In addition, although there was no significant difference between the mean effective teaching scores of the two faculty groups in the pretest, faculty members in the experimental group outperformed their counterparts in the control group. Based on the findings, applying aesthetic skills by faculty members in the teaching and learning processes can pave the way for sustainable development of their effective teaching performance. Therefore, faculty members are recommended to acquire the required knowledge and skills to better use aesthetic skills in the teaching process.

scholarly journals PENGARUH MODEL COOPERATIVE LEARNING TIPE STUDENT TEAMS ACHIEVEMENT DIVISION TERHADAP KETERAMPILAN LAY-UP SHOOT BOLA BASKET

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Davi Sofyan
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Student Teams ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Cluster Random Sampling

The purpose of this study was to determine how much influence the cooperative learning model type student team's achievement division has on basketball shoot lay-up skills. The research method used in this research is a quasi-experimental method. The type of research design used was the non-equivalent group design. The population in this study were students of class XI SMA Negeri 1 Majalengka in 2019 totaling 424 students. The sampling technique used in this study was cluster random sampling technique. The sample in this study amounted to 214 students consisting of class XI IPS 1-4 and XI MIPA 7-8. The experimental group class XI IPS 1-2 and XI MIPA, control group class XI IPS 3-4 and XI MIPA 8. The results showed that the mean pre-test lay-up shoot of the experimental group was 4.09 while the control group was 3.92. The mean post-test shoot lay-up of the experimental group was 6.76 while the control group was 4.72. Furthermore, by looking at 95% confidence interval of the difference, there is a difference between the shoot lay-up results of the experimental group and the control group, which is -0.190 to 2.412. Thus, it can be concluded that STAD is effective in improving basketball shoot lay-up skills.

scholarly journals GeoGebra and students’ learning achievement in trigonometric functions graphs representations and interpretations

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 827-846
Author(s):  
Nthabiseng Mosese ◽  
Ugorji I. Ogbonnaya
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Trigonometric Functions ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Equivalent Control ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Dynamic Mathematics ◽  
Students Success ◽  
Experimental Group

Making connections between the representations of trigonometric functions and an interpretation of graphs of the functions are major challenges to many students. This study explores the effectiveness of the GeoGebra on grade 12 students’ success in making connections between the representations of trigonometric functions and the interpretation of graphs. A non-equivalent control-group pre-test post-test quasi-experimental design was used. The sample of the study consisted of sixty-one grade 12 students from two schools. The results showed that there was a statistically significant difference between the mean achievements of the experimental group and the control group on making connections between representations of trigonometric functions, and on analyses and interpretations of representations of trigonometric functions, in favour of the experimental group. This study extends the findings of previous studies on the effectiveness of dynamic mathematics software on students’ learning of representations and interpretation of graphs of trigonometric functions.            Keywords: GeoGebra, functions graphs, Trigonometric functions

scholarly journals Applying shadowing technique to improve students' listening achievement

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Fitri Maini ◽  
Rachmanita
Keyword(s):  
Null Hypothesis ◽  
Sampling Method ◽  
Critical Value ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Tenth Graders ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

This study tried find the students’ improvement in listening achievement after having taught by using the shadowing technique. The method used was a quasi-experimental that involved two groups, namely the control group and experimental group. The population of this study was all the tenth graders of SMA Negeri 3 Unggulan Kayuagung with a total number of 198 tenth graders. Purposive sampling method was applied to select the sample involved 72 tenth graders. In collecting the data, try out the test was used to get the desirable questions that would be used in the pretest and posttest to both groups in the control and experimental group. To verify the hypothesis, the normality and homogeneity of the data were firstly analyzed before being continued to be analyzed by using a t-test. Based on the result of data analysis in an independent sample t-test, there were some findings found. First, the mean score of a posttest (75.56) in the experimental group was higher than the pretest (69.03) in the control group. Secondly, the value of tobtained was 2.77 at the significant level of p<0.05 in two-tailed testing with df = 70, the critical value of ttable was 1.99. Since the value of tobtained was higher than ttable, the null hypothesis (Ho) was rejected and the research hypothesis was accepted. In conclusion, it showed that the shadowing technique could improve the tenth-grade students’ listening achievement at SMA Negeri 3 Unggulan Kayuagung.

scholarly journals THE EFFECTIVENESS OF COOPERATIVE LEARNING METHOD TO REDUCING STUDENTS ANXIETY IN LEARNING MATH AT GRADE VII SMP NEGERI 1 BAUBAU

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suwarni La Usa
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Design ◽  
Cooperative Learning ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Learning Method ◽  
Round Numbers ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Research Show

The problem of this research is whether the application of cooperative learning method is effective in reducing student’s anxiety in learning Math at grade VII at the topic of round numbers. The objective of the research is to know the effectiveness of cooperative learning in reducing student’s anxiety in learning Math at the topic of round numbers at grade VII SMP Negeri 1 Baubau. This research is descriptive quantitative by applying quasi experimental design. The sample taken consisted of 54 students which is each group consisted of 27 students. The instrument used in this research is test. The result of the research show that (1)The mean score of students learning in Math in experimental group before treatment is 56,48 with standard of deviation is 18,65 and after treatment is 83,70 with standard of deviation is 15,54. (2)The mean score of students learning in Math in control group before treatment is 56,67 with standard of deviation is 17,26 and after treatment is 73,51 with standard of deviation is 17,58. (3)Based on the mean score of students result in learning who is taught through those model of learning and seeing the result of statistic inferential of t test shows that learning through cooperative learning method is more effective to reduce students anxiety in learning Math.

scholarly journals TEACHING GRAMMAR-IN-CONTEXT AND ITS IMPACT IN MINIMIZING STUDENTS’ GRAMMATICAL ERRORS

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadhi Nur Amin
Keyword(s):  
Writing Skills ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Grammatical Errors ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Teaching Grammar ◽  
Experimental Group

This study is conducted to determine theeffectiveness of teaching grammar-in-context tominimize students‘ grammatical errors in writing. Thedesign of the study was a quasi-experimental with anon-randomized pretest-posttest control group. Thesamples of the study were taken from the population ofthe tenth-grade students. The control group was taughtby conventional grammar which was separately givenwith writing skills. Likewise, the experimental one wastreated by teaching grammar-in-context. The results ofthe study showed that the mean score in the post-testwas higher than that in the pretest; and the mean scoreof experimental group increased 16.20 point after thetreatment. This result indicated that teaching grammarin-context is considered to be effective in minimizingstudents‘ grammatical errors in writing.Keywords: grammar-in-context, grammatical errors

scholarly journals The Development of Writing Module on Enhancing the Writing Skills of Omani General Foundation Program Students

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (9) ◽  
pp. 363-381
Author(s):  
Moustafa Mohamed Abdelmohsen ◽  
Rohaya Abdullah ◽  
Yasir Azam
Keyword(s):  
Writing Skills ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Efl Teachers ◽  
Foundation Program ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

This study aimed to investigate the effectiveness of a developed writing module on enhancing the General Foundation Program students’ writing skills. The study made use of a pre-test and post-test quasi-experimental design. The study participants incorporated 70 Omani students and 2 EFL teachers. The students were divided into experimental and control groups. The experimental group incorporated 35 students who studied English at the General Foundation Program of Sur Nursing Institute. The control group involved 35 students who took an English course at The General Foundation Program Centre in Muscat. Both institutions function under the auspices of the Omani Ministry of Health. The control group studied the ministry’s writing syllabus, whereas the experimental group studied the writing module. The writing pre-test was done before module delivery and the post-test was done after the intervention. ANCOVA test was utilized to draw a statistical analogy between the mean scores of tests of both groups. The test findings divulged that there was a statistically significant mean difference between the control and experimental group’s scores in the writing post-test. The module significantly enhanced the experimental group’s writing skills.

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