Prevalence of tobacco, alcohol and psychoactive drug use among the college students in Chitwan

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 323-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manohar Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drug Use ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychoactive Drug ◽  
Psychoactive Drugs ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
The Mean

Background & Objectives:Students of colleges may be vulnerable to consume tobacco, alcohol and psychoactive drugs due to various factors. This study was conducted with objectives of determining the prevalence of smoking, alcohol and psychoactive drug use among the bachelor level college students of Chitwan.Materials & Methods:This is a descriptive cross sectional study among the 132 bachelor level students at various colleges of Bharatpur, Chitwan district of Nepal. The students were chosen by purposive sampling. A standard pre tested questionnaire was used to collect the data.Results:A total of 90 (68.2%) were males and 42 (31.8%) were females. The mean age was 22.2 ± 1.7 years. Seventy four (56.06%) responded that they had never consumed tobacco in any form.The number of cigarette smoked ranged from one to 20, with a mean of 7.85± 4.94 years. Forty eight (36.36%) never consumed alcohol and (87.87%) had never used psychoactive drugs.The most common motivator of the use of smoking, tobacco and psychoactive drugs was curiosity.Conclusion:The prevalence of smoking among the bachelor level students participating in our study was 43.94%, alcohol consumption was 63.63% and psychoactive drugs use was 12.12%. 

scholarly journals Gender Differences in Attitude Towards Pornography Among Youth in Kelantan

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 268-278
Author(s):  
Norazlifah Muhamad ◽  
Azrianii Ab Rahman ◽  
Mohd Ismail Ibrahim ◽  
Razlina Abdul Rahman ◽  
Wan Nor Arifin Wan Mansor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Private Colleges ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Although the number of pornography exposure is increasing, our understandings on the issues are still lacking. This study aimed to compare gender differences in the attitudes towards pornography among youth in Kelantan. A cross sectional study was conducted using a validated self-administered questionnaire (PORQUE) on 930 college students in both government and private colleges in Kelantan. The mean scores were significantly higher among females for majority of the items assessing non-permissive feelings toward pornography materials (p<0.001), perception on impact of pornography (p<0.05) and perception on factors contributed to pornography (p<0.05). The mean score for majority of the items assessing permissive and perceptions toward pornography materials were significantly higher among males(p<0.001). Females were more non-permissive towards pornography, better perceived the impact of pornography and factors contributed to pornography compared to males. These findings are important as it serve as a guide for the stakeholders to implement pornography intervention for youth in Malaysia.

Patterns and Severity of Alcohol Consumption in Patients with Alcoholic Liver Disease: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
Niju Niroula
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Drinking Patterns ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Audit Score ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Related Liver Disease

Introduction: Alcohol is a known cause of liver cirrhosis, with its incidence increasing in relation to the total amount and duration of intake. Excessive consumption of alcohol remains the main cause of alcohol-related liver disease and associated complications and deaths. Aims: To delineate the drinking patterns and severity of alcohol consumption in alcoholic liver disease patients. Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted among 95 patients of both sexes with the diagnosis of alcoholic liver disease (ALD), who were admitted in Medicine ward at Nepalgunj Medical College, Nepalgunj. The diagnosis of ALD was confirmed by the criteria of the ICD-10-CM. The severity of alcohol drinking screened and categorized as “low-risk drinkers,” “hazardous drinkers,” and “harmful drinkers” were based on the AUDIT score. Results: Among a total of 95 ALD patients, the mean age was 45.10 ±7.60 years, the mean duration of alcohol use was 22.6 ±7.65 years and the average amount of alcohol consumed in grams/day was 240 ± 35. Majority of the patients consumed locally brewed alcohol, Raksi 46.3% followed by Jaad 22.1% and Others 11.6%. Very few patients consumed commercially available Spirits 6.3% or Beer 13.7%. Majority of patients were found to be drinking regular with intermittent bingeing pattern 61%, outside meal times 69.5% and hazardous drinking 53.7%. Conclusion: Overall our analyses indicated a precise picture of drinking patterns in ALD patients that are profoundly influenced on several cofactors like alcohol type, duration of exposure, drinking patterns, cultural habits, availability of homemade beverages and individual susceptibility. We recommend screening for alcohol abuse in all adult patients presenting to the hospital as early detection of ALD can decrease its both morbidity and mortality.

scholarly journals Alcohol Consumption and Physical Activity in Austrian College Students—A Cross-Sectional Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (10) ◽  
pp. 1581-1590 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Niedermeier ◽  
Anika Frühauf ◽  
Prisca Kopp-Wilfling ◽  
Gerhard Rumpold ◽  
Martin Kopp
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
College Students ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional

scholarly journals Alcohol consumption among college students in Minahasa, Indonesia: a cross-sectional study towards the formulation of intervention strategies

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (12) ◽  
pp. 4630 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alva Supit ◽  
Prycilia Mamuaja ◽  
Aditya Pissu
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Intervention Strategies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male Sex

Background: College students are within the high-risk group to experience the full spectrum of alcohol-related psychopathologies, ranging from initial contact with alcohol to the severe problematic drinking. The prevalence, degree of severity, reasons of drinking, among other variables, however, have been inconsistent across studies. Therefore, it is crucial to replicate such studies in different socio-cultural settings to synthesize a broader understanding about alcohol-consuming behavior and formulating intervention strategies. This research aims to describe the pattern of alcohol drinking behavior among college students in Minahasa, Indonesia, and to analyze its correlation with academic performance. Methods: We conducted a questionnaire-based cross-sectional study to investigate the alcohol-consumption pattern and examined its association with the students' academic performance obtained from the campus database. A total-sampling technique was applied to draw the samples. Chi-square and Kendall's tau analyses were employed accordingly to measure the relationship significance. Results: From 417 samples (338 samples were females), 70.98% of them reported never had consumed alcohol of any amount. Male sex and local ethnicity are positively associated with consuming behavior. We found an association between alcohol consumption status with cumulative GPA but not with current GPA. Although alcohol consumers considered GPA as less important, the self-insight about their academic performance is intact. The consumed beverages were mostly beers, followed by traditional liquor and winepalms. Most of them consumed alcohol to "warm-up the body"—a common practice in this area, followed by social reasons. Only small number of them identified themselves as being addicted. Majority of the consumers realized the importance to reduce or quit consuming alcohol. The implications of these findings are then discussed. Conclusions: This study showed that most of the students have never consumed alcohol. However, among the consumers, male sex and local ethnicity are more prone to become alcohol users. The academic performance is also affected, and since most of the consumers consider to reduce their drinking behavior, professional interventions are necessary to facilitate recovery attempts. 

scholarly journals Perception and practice towards alcohol consumption among a government boy’s pre-university college students-a cross sectional study

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 713
Author(s):  
Shashidhar S. Basagoudar ◽  
Chandrashekhar R. ◽  
Shivappa Hatanoor ◽  
Rahul C. Kirte
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Family History ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Life Time ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
University College ◽  
Current Alcohol

Background: Harmful use of alcohol consumption can lead to various health hazards and pre-university students are vulnerable for abuse of substances like alcohol. Hence this study was aimed to find out the prevalence and perception towards alcohol consumption among students of government boy’s college and to find out some factors affecting alcohol consumption among students.Methods: A cross sectional study conducted among purposively selected students of government pre-university (PU) college for boys. Data was collected through pre-structured questionnaire. Alcohol consumption was assessed by self-reporting through questionnaire.Results: In the present study 7% students have consumed alcohol at least once in their life time. Mean age of initiation of alcohol consumption was 14.89 years. 23.7% of students said that alcohol consumption can lead to cancer and 13.3% students knew it leads to liver damage, 18.1% felt it leads to heart problems. Among the current alcohol consumers 41.7% said they have driven the vehicle under influence of alcohol. Among the current alcohol consumers 75% have thought to quit the alcohol consumption at least once. Having family history of alcohol consumption was significantly associated with alcohol consumption among students.Conclusions: Alcohol consumption is prevalent in the pre-university college students and family history is a major risk factor for the alcohol consumption. Many alcohol consumers have driven the vehicle under the alcohol consumption in spite of the legal prohibition. Parental and peer involvement is crucial in reducing the prevalence of alcohol consumption among PU students.

Comparison of Heffner Criteria and Light Criteria in Differentiating Exudative and Transudative Pleural Effusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-145
Author(s):  
Krishna Chandra Devkota ◽  
S Hamal ◽  
PP Panta
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Effusion ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Pleural Space ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Exudative Pleural Effusion

Pleural effusion is present when there is >15ml of fluid is accumulated in the pleural space. It can be divided into two types; exudative and transudative pleural effusion. Tuberculosis and parapneumonic effusion are the common cause of exudative pleural effusion whereas heart failure accounts for most of the cases of transudative pleural effusion. This study was a hospital based cross sectional study performed at Nepal Medical College during the period of January 2016-December 2016. A total of 50 patients who fulfilled the inclusion criteria were enrolled. Pleural effusion was confirmed by clinical examination and radiology. After confirmation of pleural effusion, pleural fluid was aspirated and was analysed for protein, LDH, cholesterol. The Heffner criteria was compared with Light criteria to classify exudative or transudative pleural effusion. Among 50 patients, 30 were male and 20 were female. The mean age of patient was 45.4±21.85 years. The sensitivity and specificity of using Light criteria to detect the two type of pleural effusion was 100% and 90.9%, whereas using Heffner criteria was 94.87%, 100% respectively(P<0.01). There are variety of causes for development of pleural effusion and no one criteria is definite to differentiate between exudative or transudative effusion. In this study Light criteria was more sensitive whereas Heffner criteria was more specific to classify exudative pleural effusion. Hence a combination of criteria might be useful in case where there is difficulty to identify the cause of pleural effusion.

ANALISIS KELUHAN KELELAHAN MATA PADA PEKERJA PENGGUNA KOMPUTER

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Andi Surayya Mappangile
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Purposive Sampling

ABSTRAK Penggunaan komputer secara berlebihan akan meningkatkan risiko gangguan kesehatan kerja. Salah satunya adalah gangguan kesehatan mata. Gangguan kesehatan pada mata terjadi akibat mata mengalami kelelahan. Kelelahan mata dalam dunia kedokteran dikenal dengan istilah astenopia. Tujuan dalam penelitian ini untuk mengetahui gambaran keluhan kelelahan mata berdasarkan usia, lama kerja, istirahat mata, jarak monitor dan tingkat pencahayaan di kantor Notaris dan Pejabat Pembuat Akta Tanah Andreas Gunawan SH. M.Kn. melalui metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan cross sectional study. Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh pekerja kantor Andreas Gunawan SH. M.Kn. sebanyak 20. Pemilihan sampel penelitian menggunakan Purposive Sampling sebanyak 8 responden. Metode pengambilan data dilakukan dengan kuesioner dan wawancara secara mendalam (deep interview) kepada 8 responden. Dari hasil penelitian diketahui gambaran keluhan keluhan kelelahan mata berdasarkan usia, lama kerja, istirahat mata, jarak monitor dan tingkat pencahayaan di kantor Andreas Gunawan SH. M.Kn.. Penggunaan komputer yang dilakukan oleh pekerja juga masih jauh dari kata ergonomi. Penggunaan komputer yang tidak ergonomi sendiri dapat menyebabkan kelelahan mata yang dapat merugikan baik itu untuk perusahaan maupun pekerja, terutama kesehatan mata pekerja itu sendiri.

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