scholarly journals Insulin Prescription Pattern among Type 2 DM patients visiting Outpatient Department at a Tertiary Hospital in Kathmandu, Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
Hari Kumar Shrestha ◽  
R. Tamrakar ◽  
Ashish Shrestha ◽  
S.R. Amatya
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Dose ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Premixed Insulin ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prescription Pattern ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Management of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus includes nonpharmacological and pharmacological interventions of which insulin remains one of the most effective methods for achieving glycemic control, either alone or in combination with oral anti-diabetic medications. Effective usage of insulin in the management of glycaemia remains a challenge in developing countries like Nepal. To best of our knowledge, there is not any study regarding insulin prescription pattern on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients using insulin from Nepal, so we studied the prescription pattern of insulin on insulin using Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus patients.Methods: Patients aged 30 years or above who present in Dhulikhel Hospital outpatient clinic during the period from January 2015 to June 2015 with diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus diagnosed at least for 6 months and were taking injection insulin at least since last 3 months were enrolled in this cross sectional, observational study.Results: Forty-five study participants had a mean age of 56.6 ±10.95 year, body mass index of 23.97 4.72 kg/m2, Diabetic duration of 10.33 6.41 years and HbA1c of 8.53 ±1.53%. Fifty-three percent were female and almost all study participants (96%) were taking Oral Antidiabetic Drugs along with Insulin. Sixty-three percent of participants were using Premix insulin whereas 33% were using basal insulin alone. Mean Insulin dose was 28.96 11.75 units per day. Among them, 80% were “self” injecting insulin and 53% were using Glucometer.Conclusion: Our data showed that premixed insulin being most commonly used insulin. All patients used Insulin Pen as delivery device and larger proportions of them were self injecting insulin. All patients felt mild hypoglycemia which can be improved by increased utilization of glucometer.Jour of Diab and Endo Assoc of Nepal 2017; 1(1): 3-7

scholarly journals Sociodemographic factors and health conditions associated with the resilience of people with chronic diseases: a cross sectional study

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Estela Willrich Böell ◽  
Denise Maria Guerreiro Vieira da Silva ◽  
Kathleen Mary Hegadoren
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Chronic Kidney Disease ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Sociodemographic Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Study Participants

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate the association between resilience and sociodemographic variables and the health of people with chronic kidney disease and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus. Method: a cross-sectional observational study performed with 603 people with chronic kidney disease and / or type 2 diabetes mellitus. A tool to collect socio-demographic and health data and the Resilience Scale developed by Connor and Davidson were applied. A descriptive and multivariate analysis was performed. Results: the study participants had on average 61 years old (SD= 13.2), with a stable union (52.24%), religion (96.7%), retired (49.09%), with primary education (65%) and income up to three minimum wages. Participants with kidney disease showed less resilience than people with diabetes. Conclusion: the type of chronic illness, disease duration, body mass index and religious beliefs influenced the resilience of the study participants.

scholarly journals Oral antidiabetic medication adherence and glycaemic control among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a cross-sectional retrospective study in a tertiary hospital in Saudi Arabia

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e029280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bander Balkhi ◽  
Monira Alwhaibi ◽  
Nasser Alqahtani ◽  
Tariq Alhawassi ◽  
Thamir M Alshammari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Glycaemic Control ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Good Adherence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Antidiabetic

ObjectivesThe purpose of this study is to measure the adherence rates of oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and assess the relationship of glycaemic control and adherence to OADs after controlling for other associated factors.DesignCross-sectional retrospective study.SettingLarge tertiary hospital in the central region of Saudi Arabia.Participants5457patients aged 18 years and older diagnosed with T2DM during the period from 1 January 2016 to 31 December 2016.Primary and secondary outcome measuresThe modified medication possession ratio (mMPR) was calculated as a proxy measure for adherence of OADs. The factors associated with OADs non-adherence and medication oversupply were assessed using multinomial logistic regression models. The secondary outcomes were to measure the association between OADs adherence and glycaemic control.ResultsMajority of patients with T2DM were females (n=3400, 62.3%). The average glycated haemoglobin was 8.2±1.67. Among the study population, 48.6% had good adherence (mMPR >0.8) and 8.6% had a medication oversupply (mMPR >1.2). Good adherence was highest among those using repaglinide (71.0%) followed by pioglitazone (65.0%) and sitagliptin (59.0%). In the multivariate analysis, women with T2DM were more likely to have poor adherence (adjusted OR (AOR)=0.76, 95% CI=0.67, 0.86) compared with men. Also, medication oversupply was more likely among patients with hyperpolypharmacy (AOR=1.88, 95% CI=1.36, 2.63), comorbid osteoarthritis (AOR=1.72, 95% CI=1.20, 02.45) and non-Saudi patients (AOR=1.53, 95% CI=1.16, 2.01). However, no association was found between glycaemic control and adherence to OADs.ConclusionThe study findings support the growing concern of non-adherence to OADs among patients with T2DM in Saudi Arabia. Decision makers have to invest in behavioural interventions that will boost medication adherence rates. This is particularly important in patients with polypharmacy and high burden of comorbid conditions.

Prevalence, morbidity and mortality of deep neck abscess in a tertiary hospital from Northwestern Mexico

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (41) ◽  
pp. 41-46
Author(s):  
Alejandra Pineda-Alvarado ◽  
Juan Antonio Lugo-Machado ◽  
Edwin Canché-Martin ◽  
Jaime Zuleyka Quintero ◽  
Irene Arellano-Ridriguez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Cervical Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Neck Abscess ◽  
Deep Neck Abscess ◽  
Clinical Records

AbstractBACKGROUND. Neck abscesses are defined as processes of infectious origin, which form a collection of purulent material through the deep planes of the neck, formed by fasciae. It may involve one or more spaces of the cervical region. In addition, they can be localized or disseminated and generate extremely serious and life-threatening complications.OBJECTIVE. To identify the prevalence of deep neck abscess in our tertiary hospital center.MATERIAL AND METHODS. A retrospective, analytical, observational, and cross-sectional study was carried out from January 2015 to May 2019. The data observed during the care of the patients with a diagnosis of deep neck abscess were collected from the clinical records. Descriptive statistics were performed, and the odd ratio was used for the risk probability analysis.RESULTS. A prevalence of 42 cases was found in 5 years, with 8.4 annual cases, average age of 45.2 years, male gender predominance in 53% of the cases. Descending mediastinitis was the most common complication and a mortality of 8.33% was presented. Type 2 diabetes mellitus and the involvement of 3 or more spaces represented a higher risk for complications compared to healthy patients who presented involvement of ≤2 spaces.CONCLUSION. In the Northwestern region of Mexico of IMSS beneficiaries, we have a prevalence of 42 cases in 5 years, 8.4 per year. The average age of our series is 45.2 years and there is no difference regarding the affection by gender. The involvement of two or more than three spaces represents the majority of cases. More than half of our cases underwent surgical drainage. Type 2 diabetes mellitus alone or accompanied with other comorbidities was the most common associated pathology; this same entity and the involvement of 3 or more spaces presented a higher risk of complications

Large-Scale Cross-Sectional Study of the Problem Areas in Diabetes Survey among Japanese Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Diabetes ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 67 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 2393-PUB
Author(s):  
KENICHIRO TAKAHASHI ◽  
MINORI SHINODA ◽  
RIKA SAKAMOTO ◽  
JUN SUZUKI ◽  
TADASHI YAMAKAWA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Japanese Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diabetes Survey

ASSESSMENT OF DEMENTIA IN THE TYPE 2 DIABETES BY MOCA

2017 ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
Dinh Toan Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Lifestyle Risk ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus Risk

Background: Studies show that diabetes mellitus is the greatest lifestyle risk factor for dementia. Appropriate management and treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus could prevent the onset and progression of mild cognitive impairment to dementia. MoCA test is high sensitivity with mild dementia but it have not been used and studied widespread in Vietnam. Aim: 1. Using MoCA and MMSE to diagnose dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. 2. Assessment of the relationship between dementia and the risk factors. Methods: cross-sectional description in 102 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to assess cognitive function. The diagnosis of dementia was made according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Results: The average value for MoCA in the group of patients with dementia (15.35 ± 2.69) compared with non-dementia group (20.72 ± 4.53). The sensitivity and specificity of MoCA were 84.8% and 78.3% in identifying individuals with dementia, and MMSE were 78.5% and 82.6%, respectively. Using DSMIV criteria as gold standard we found MoCA and MMSE were more similar for dementia cases (AUC 0.871 and 0.890). The concordance between MoCA and MMSE was moderate (kappa = 0.485). When considering the risk factors, the education,the age, HbA1c, dyslipidemia, Cholesterol total related with dementia in the type 2 diabetes. Conclusion: MoCA scale is a good screening test of dementia in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.When compared with the MMSE scale, MoCA scale is more sensitive in detecting dementia. Key words: MoCA, dementia, type 2 diabetes mellitus, risk factors

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