scholarly journals Utilization of Pineapple Waste: A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 10-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atul Upadhyay ◽  
Jeewan Prava Lama ◽  
Shinkichi Tawata
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Functional Ingredients ◽  
Fiber Production ◽  
Pineapple Waste ◽  
Ongoing Work ◽  
The World

Waste utilization in fruits and vegetable processing industries is one of the important and challengeable jobs around the world. It is anticipated that the discarded fruits as well as its waste materials could be utilized for further industrial purposes viz. fermentation, extraction of bioactive components, extraction of functional ingredients etc. Researchers have focused on the utilization of pineapple waste primarily for extraction of bromelain enzyme and secondarily as low-cost raw material for the production of ethanol, phenolic anti-oxidants, organic acids, biogas and fiber production. Pertinent scientific and technological implications would produce better and more profitable markets for pineapple wastes. This review is the collection of previous reports along with our ongoing work on utilization of pineapple wastes J. Food Sci. Technol. Nepal, Vol. 6 (10-18), 2010 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jfstn.v6i0.8255

scholarly journals Potential Utilization of Waste Material for Sustainable Development in construction Industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 3435-3438
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Construction Industry ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Waste Material ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Natural Materials ◽  
The World

Billions of waste is produced in the world but the wastes are not properly recycled. Recycling of materials also different issues and it needs more energy. The waste materials are stored in a land also create more amounts of problem and it Leeds to land pollution. The utilization of waste materials in the manufacturing of building is a challenging task. But it is the good solution for disposal of waste materials in the developed building materials. We need to analyze the waste materials first then only we can utilize the materials in the perfect way. Now a day’s lot of research is going on in the waste utilization area. This literature study mentioned the various waste materials and how it is used in our real construction field. The waste utilization gave two things. First one is reduction of the pollution and the second is save the natural materials for sustainable development. This paper also shows the betterment results of the waste utilization technique.

State-of-the-Art of Rotational Moulding Technique and its Application

2011 ◽  
Vol 80-81 ◽  
pp. 980-984
Author(s):  
Yun Wang ◽  
Kai Zhang ◽  
Ya Chun Dai ◽  
Jiong Liu ◽  
Yuan Yuan Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Injection Moulding ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Rotational Moulding ◽  
Blow Moulding ◽  
The World ◽  
Plastic Products ◽  
Plastic Technology

With the rapid development of plastic products in the world and the increasingly sophistication of plastic technology, rotational moulding (RM), has become the most practical and irreplaceable way of producing the large and super large containers like tanks, tank, etc. Compared with injection moulding and blow moulding, RM has the characteristics of low cost and easy-to-use, and its application has been extended into many domains. The principle of rotational moulding and comparison of raw material by the requirement of rotational moulding is introduced. The paper emphasizes the introduction of state-of-the-art of RM equipment; also it points out the development of RM.

İstanbul’da Hazır Giyim İhracatına Yönelik Üretim Yapan İşletmelerin Covid-19 Pandemisi Nedeniyle Ortaya Çıkan Üretim ve Tedarik Sorunlarının İncelenmesi

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (23) ◽  
pp. 116-138
Author(s):  
Ali TAŞTEKİN
Keyword(s):  
Textile Industry ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Important Place ◽  
Material Supply ◽  
The World

The ready-to-wear sector, which is the most important and old industry branch for development in the world economy and still one of the important production and export branches of our country, has an important place in development since history. With the Covid-19 pandemic, which spread severely in the world between March and April 2020, broad layers of society were affected by health, and business life also reveals the consequences of the negative effects it has received in the medium and long term. The ready-made clothing sector, which is one of the labor-intensive sectors in our country, is also one of the affected production branches. In order to manage the risks arising from the restrictions of production branches that have a direct impact on the economy, a strategy that will be formed between the health of the employees and the demands of foreign buyer companies has arisen. The strategy to be developed in this direction is directly related to the ability of enterprises to adapt to new situations brought along by extraordinary conditions. All businesses, regardless of their size, faced serious difficulties, especially in this process. Low cost and quality, as well as standardizations, which are the two basic conditions of competing in the foreign market, are important in terms of coping with success and competition in international markets, especially due to the limited number of buyers, namely customers, and the infinite number of companies and products. Although the probability of occurrence is low, pandemics can reach millions of people depending on their impact and the rate of spread. Covid-19 has affected the flow of daily life, and demand-side distortions have also emerged with supply-side disruptions due to reasons such as employees' inability to go to work, disrupted and canceled raw material supply, and changes in consumer preferences. Production was quickly affected by the epidemic due to reduced working hours and job losses, and many manufacturers came to the point of bankruptcy. In the pandemic, the textile industry has reduced the production capacity of people due to the rapid decrease in demand by easily abandoning shopping and consumption, part-time production has been started or production has been stopped, but only a few have tried to go through this process by producing masks, overalls and bonnets. In this research, the difficulties faced by the enterprises that make production for ready-to-wear export in Istanbul and apply restrictions during the pandemic process will be examined. Difficulties encountered; production process, worker health, transportation and raw material supply. The data collection methods of the research, as well as the review of the relevant literature, will be analyzed by converting the data obtained from the twenty-question interviews and observations made with the company managers of 15 companies operating in Istanbul belonging to the sector, as a result of the descriptive analysis Nvivo program. Keywords: Ready-to-Wear, export, Istanbul, Covid 19, Production, Supply

An Experimental Study on Bricks by Partial Replacement of Bagasse Ash

2019 ◽  
pp. 258-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhu P ◽  
Ramesh S ◽  
Archana M
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Project Work ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
The World ◽  
Materials Used

The need for locally manufactured building materials has been emphasized in many countries of the world because of their easy availability & low cost. Bricks also have been regarded as one of the longest lasting and strongest building materials used throughout history. ordinary building bricks are made of a mixture of clay, which is subjected to various processes, differing according to the nature of the material, the method of manufacture and the character of the finished product. After being properly prepared the clay is formed in moulds to the desired shape, then dried and burnt. on seeing the present day demand for bricks, an attempt was made to study the behavior of bricks manufactured using, different waste materials like Bagasse ash with alumina sulphate, and lime was used to manufacture bricks. The main aim of this project was to compare the compressive strength of the bricks, so for this purpose different percentage of materials were separately added 6%, 8%, 16% & 20% by weight and then the compressive strength of the Bricks was established, and then with the help of graph a comparison between compressive strength of bricks, made out of Bagasse ash with alumina sulphate and normal brick was determined. Before manufacturing the bricks, different properties of the materials (Bagasse ash with alumina sulphate) was also verified. After that bricks were made & sun dried and some bricks were brunt & then with the help v of Compression Testing Machine (C.T.M.) finely their compressive strength was calculated. From this test in this project work it was concluded that the Bagasse ash was that waste material, which gave the acceptable compressive strength. The effects of the addition of Bagasse ash with alumina sulphate by percent-clay mix were also investigated. The admixtures were added in various combinations of proportions by weight (from 6 to 20%). The alumina sulphate, to contribute in attaining denser products with acceptable in compressive strengths, higher softening coefficients, lower water absorption rates, good compaction.

scholarly journals Solid And Liquid Pineapple Waste Utilization For Lactic Acid Fermentation

REAKTOR ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdullah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Carbon Source ◽  
Batch Fermentation ◽  
Anaerobic Fermentation ◽  
Waste Utilization ◽  
Lactic Acid Fermentation ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Acid Fermentation ◽  
Pineapple Waste

The liquid and solid pineapple waste contain mainly sucrose, glucose,fructose, and other nutrients. It therefore can potentially be used as carbon source for fermentation to produce organic acid. Recently, lactic acid has been considered to be an important raw material for production of biodegradable lactate polymer, the experiments were carried out in batch fermentation using the liquid and solid pineapple waste to produce lactic acid. The anaerobic fermentation of lactic acis were performed at 40 0C, ph 6, 5% inocolum, and 50 rpm. Initially results show that the liquid pineapple waste by using Lactobacillus delbrueckii can be used as carbon source for lactic acid fermentation. The production of lactic acid are found to be 79% yield, while only 56% yield was produced y using solid waste.Keywords : Lactic acid fermentation, Pineapple waste, Lactobacillus delbrueckii

Africa and the Curse of Natural Resources

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahesh K. Joshi ◽  
J.R. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Natural Resources ◽  
Cultural History ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
The World ◽  
Manufacturing Location ◽  
Low Cost Manufacturing

Africa is flush with natural resources, a population over one billion, a rich cultural history, and all the elements of a robust economy that still struggles with the basics. Its reliance on natural resources and the lack of resource management in a transparent and acceptable manner has led to discontent and conflict. It has the opportunity to reboot its economies by embracing value-added positions in the natural resources value chain by providing finished products instead of just the raw material. It could also offer itself as a low-cost manufacturing location to the rest of the world. Signs of more transparent governance and management of resources are being seen which will eventually lead to a path of growth. Africa’s geographical location, in the middle of three major markets; Asia, America, and Europe, gives it an attractive competitive advantage. Africa is poised to drive its emerging economy soundly on to the world stage.

scholarly journals Contribution of Cyanotoxins to the Ecotoxicological Role of Lichens

Toxins ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 321
Author(s):  
Dobri Ivanov ◽  
Galina Yaneva ◽  
Irina Potoroko ◽  
Diana G. Ivanova
Keyword(s):  
Research Methods ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Modern Times ◽  
Effective Application ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common

The fascinating world of lichens draws the attention of the researchers because of the numerous properties of lichens used traditionally and, in modern times, as a raw material for medicines and in the perfumery industry, for food and spices, for fodder, as dyes, and for other various purposes all over the world. However, lichens being widespread symbiotic entities between fungi and photosynthetic partners may acquire toxic features due to either the fungi, algae, or cyano-procaryotes producing toxins. By this way, several common lichens acquire toxic features. In this survey, recent data about the ecology, phytogenetics, and biology of some lichens with respect to the associated toxin-producing cyanoprokaryotes in different habitats around the world are discussed. Special attention is paid to the common toxins, called microcystin and nodularin, produced mainly by the Nostoc species. The effective application of a series of modern research methods to approach the issue of lichen toxicity as contributed by the cyanophotobiont partner is emphasized.

scholarly journals Theoretical and Empirical Characterization of Water as a Factor: Examples and Related Issues with the World Trade Model

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 459
Author(s):  
Ignacio Cazcarro ◽  
Albert E. Steenge
Keyword(s):  
World Trade ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Virtual Water ◽  
Considerable Change ◽  
Water Research ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
The World ◽  
Main Model ◽  
Selection Of

This article originates from the theoretical and empirical characterization of factors in the World Trade Model (WTM). It first illustrates the usefulness of this type of model for water research to address policy questions related to virtual water trade, water constraints and water scarcity. It also illustrates the importance of certain key decisions regarding the heterogeneity of water and its relation to the technologies being employed and the prices obtained. With regard to WTM, the global economic input–output model in which multiple technologies can produce a “homogeneous output”, it was recently shown that two different mechanisms should be distinguished by which multiple technologies can arise, i.e., from “technology-specific” or from “shared” factors, which implies a mechanism-specific set of prices, quantities and rents. We discuss and extend these characterizations, notably in relation to the real-world characterization of water as a factor (for which we use the terms technology specific, fully shared and “mixed”). We propose that the presence of these separate mechanisms results in the models being sensitive to relatively small variations in specific numerical values. To address this sensitivity, we suggest a specific role for specific (sub)models or key choices to counter unrealistic model outcomes. To support our proposal we present a selection of simulations for aggregated world regions, and show how key results concerning quantities, prices and rents can be subject to considerable change depending on the precise definitions of resource endowments and the technology-specificity of the factors. For instance, depending on the adopted water heterogeneity level, outcomes can vary from relatively low-cost solutions to higher cost ones and can even reach infeasibility. In the main model discussed here (WTM) factor prices are exogenous, which also contributes to the overall numerical sensitivity of the model. All this affects to a large extent our interpretation of the water challenges, which preferably need to be assessed in integrated frameworks, to account for the main socioeconomic variables, technologies and resources.

scholarly journals Possibilities of the Development of Edible Insect-Based Foods in Europe

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 766
Author(s):  
Magdalena Skotnicka ◽  
Kaja Karwowska ◽  
Filip Kłobukowski ◽  
Aleksandra Borkowska ◽  
Magdalena Pieszko
Keyword(s):  
Material Processing ◽  
Functional Food ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Edible Insects ◽  
Mineral Salts ◽  
Edible Insect ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
The World ◽  
The One

All over the world, a large proportion of the population consume insects as part of their diet. In Western countries, however, the consumption of insects is perceived as a negative phenomenon. The consumption of insects worldwide can be considered in two ways: on the one hand, as a source of protein in countries affected by hunger, while, on the other, as an alternative protein in highly-developed regions, in response to the need for implementing policies of sustainable development. This review focused on both the regulations concerning the production and marketing of insects in Europe and the characteristics of edible insects that are most likely to establish a presence on the European market. The paper indicates numerous advantages of the consumption of insects, not only as a valuable source of protein but also as a raw material rich in valuable fatty acids, vitamins, and mineral salts. Attention was paid to the functional properties of proteins derived from insects, and to the possibility for using them in the production of functional food. The study also addresses the hazards which undoubtedly contribute to the mistrust and lowered acceptance of European consumers and points to the potential gaps in the knowledge concerning the breeding conditions, raw material processing and health safety. This set of analyzed data allows us to look optimistically at the possibilities for the development of edible insect-based foods, particularly in Europe.

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