scholarly journals Neonatal outcome of maternal premature rupture of membranes more than 18 hours

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 81-86
Author(s):  
Amshu Shakya ◽  
Sweta Kumari Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
History Of ◽  
Study Population

Background: Premature Rupture of Membranes  has been known to complicate pregnancy since ages. Several risk factors may be associated with occurrence of premature rupture of membranes. It is associated with varied neonatal complications, neonatal sepsis and prematurity being the most hazardous ones. Objectives: This study was conducted to evaluate the incidence of neonatal sepsis following premature rupture of membranes, risk factors and neonatal complications associated with premature rupture of membrane of more than 18 hours in the neonates admitted in a tertiary care center. Methodology: Descriptive observational study was undertaken for 18 months from August 2013 to January 2015 in the College of Medical Sciences, Chitwan, Nepal. This study included 82 neonates admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit with maternal history of premature rupture of membranes of more than 18 hours with medical conditions excluded.  Results: The incidence of premature rupture of membranes in this hospital was 8.9%. Frequently associated maternal risk factors were history of prior abortion (16, 19.5%), urinary tract infection (7, 8.5%), and antecedent coitus (7, 8.5%). In the study population, 68 (83%) neonates had complications and 14 (17%) neonates had no complication. The incidence of neonatal sepsis following PROM in present study was 6.1%. Neonatal sepsis was significantly associated with chorioamnionitis (p<0.001). The most frequently occurring complication was probable neonatal sepsis (53, 64.6%), followed by prematurity (31, 37.8%) and perinatal asphyxia (15, 18.3%). There was a directly proportional relation of neonatal sepsis, chorioamnionitis, respiratory distress syndrome and mortality with duration of premature rupture of membranes. Conclusion: Commonly occurring maternal risk factors with PROM were prior abortion, UTI and antecedent coitus. In the study population, infectious morbidity was highest.  Chorioamnionitis was significantly associated with culture proven neonatal sepsis. Prolonged duration of premature rupture of membranes increased the risk of neonatal sepsis, meningitis, respiratory distress syndrome and perinatal death. Prevention of these risk factors, appropriate and timely management including improved obstetric and neonatal care can provide intact survival of the neonates.

scholarly journals Faktor Risiko Ibu Dalam Meningkatkan Kejadian Sepsis Neonatorum Di RSUD Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Banjarmasin

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-83
Author(s):  
Fitri Yuliana ◽  
Mahpolah Mahpolah ◽  
Eriza Nopariyanti
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Prolonged Labor

Latar Belakang: Penyebab utama kematian bayi baru lahir atau neonatal di dunia antara lain bayi lahir premature 29%, sepsis dan pneumonia 25% dan 23% merupakan bayi baru lahir dengan asfiksia dan trauma. Sepsis neonatorum merupakan salah satu penyakit infeksi yang dapat menyebabkan kematian pada bayi baru lahir, angka kejadian sepsis di Indonesia masih tinggi yaitu 8,7% sampai 30,29% dengan angka kematian 11,56% sampai 49,9%.  Kejadian sepsis neonatorum di RSUD dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh pada tahun 2014 sebanyak 2,9%, tahun 2015 sebanyak 1,2%, dan tahun 2016 sebanyak 1,2%.Tujuan: Menganalisis faktor risiko ibu dalam meningkatkan kejadian sepsis neonatorum di RSUD Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Tahun 2017.Metode: Penelitian kuantitatif dengan rancangan case control. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua bayi baru lahir yang tercatat di rekam medik RSUD dr. H. Moch Ansari Saleh tahun 2017 sebanyak 4516 orang. Sampel kasus diambil dengan total sampling sebanyak 55 orang sedangkan sampel kontrol diambil dengan teknik purposive sampling sebanyak 55 orang. Data dianalisis menggunakan uji chi-square.Hasil: Faktor risiko ibu yang terjadi selama kehamilan terbukti dapat meningkatkan kejadian sepsis neonatorum yaitu persalinan lama (ρ=0,032 a=0,05), ketuban pecah dini (ρ=0,015 a=0,05), dan usia kehamilan (ρ=0,022 a=0,05). Dari ketiga faktor tersebut ibu yang mengalami ketuban pecah dini merupakan faktor yang paling berisiko menyebabkan sepsis neonatorum dibandingkan dengan yang tidak mengalami ketuban pecah dini (OR = 2,571) sedangkan faktor risiko ibu yang tidak berhubungan adalah infeksi antepartum dan komplikasi kehamilan.Simpulan: Dari lima faktor risiko ibu terdapat tiga faktor yang dapat meningkatkan kejadian sepsis neonatorum yaitu faktor yang paling beresiko adalah ketuban pecah dini dan faktor lainnya adalah persalinan lama dan usia kehamilan. Kata Kunci: Ketuban pecah dini, Persalinan lama, Sepsis neonatorum, Usia kehamilan Mother Risk Factors In Increasing The Incidence Of Neonatal Sepsis At Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Hospital Of BanjarmasinABSTRACT  Background: The main causes of newborn or neonatal deaths in the world include premature babies 29%, sepsis and pneumonia 25% and 23% are newborns with asphyxia and trauma. Neonatal sepsis is one of the infectious diseases that can cause death in newborns, the incidence of sepsis in Indonesia is still high at 8.7% to 30.29% with a mortality rate of 11.56% to 49.9%. The incidence of Neonatal Sepsis at Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Hospital of Banjarmasin in 2014 as much as 2.9%, in 2015 as many as 1.2%, and in 2016 as many as 1.2%.Objective: To analyzing maternal risk factors in increasing the incidence of neonatal sepsis at Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Hospital of Banjarmasin in 2017.Methods: Quantitative research with case control design. The study population was all newborns recorded in the medical record at Dr. H. Moch. Ansari Saleh Hospital of Banjarmasin in 2017 as many as 4516 people. Case samples were taken with a total sampling of 55 people while the control samples were taken with a purposive sampling technique of 55 people. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test.Results: Maternal risk factors that occur during pregnancy have been shown to increase the incidence of neonatal sepsis, prolonged labor (ρ=0,032 a=0,05), premature rupture of membranes (ρ=0,015 a=0,05), and gestational age (ρ=0,022 a=0,05). Of the three factors, mothers who experienced premature rupture of membranes were the most at risk for causing neonatal sepsis compared with those who did not experience premature rupture of membranes (OR = 2,571) while unrelated maternal risk factors were antepartum infection and pregnancy complications.Conclusion: Of the five maternal risk factors there are three factors that can increase the incidence of neonatal sepsis, which is the most risky factor is premature rupture of the membranes and other factors are prolonged labor and gestational age.  Key Words: Gestational age, Neonatal sepsis, Premature rupture of membranes, Prolonged labor  

NEONATAL SEPSIS AND IDENTIFICATION OF RISK FACTORS: STUDY IN AVBRH HOSPITAL SAWANGI

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pramod P. Singhavi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Late Onset ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Late Onset Sepsis ◽  
Early Onset Sepsis ◽  
Meconium Stained Amniotic Fluid

Introduction: India has the highest incidence of clinical sepsis i.e.17,000/ 1,00,000 live births. In Neonatal sepsis septicaemia, pneumonia, meningitis, osteomyelitis, arthritis and urinary tract infections can be included. Mortality in the neonatal period each year account for 41% (3.6 million) of all deaths in children under 5 years and most of these deaths occur in low income countries and about one million of these deaths are due to infectious causes including neonatal sepsis, meningitis, and pneumonia. In early onset neonatal sepsis (EOS) Clinical features are non-specific and are inefficient for identifying neonates with early-onset sepsis. Culture results take up to 48 hours and may give false-positive or low-yield results because of the antenatal antibiotic exposure. Reviews of risk factors has been used globally to guide the development of management guidelines for neonatal sepsis, and it is similarly recommended that such evidence be used to inform guideline development for management of neonatal sepsis. Material and Methods: This study was carried out using institution based cross section study . The total number neonates admitted in the hospital in given study period was 644, of which 234 were diagnosed for neonatal sepsis by the treating pediatrician based on the signs and symptoms during admission. The data was collected: Sociodemographic characteristics; maternal information; and neonatal information for neonatal sepsis like neonatal age on admission, sex, gestational age, birth weight, crying immediately at birth, and resuscitation at birth. Results: Out of 644 neonates admitted 234 (36.34%) were diagnosed for neonatal sepsis by the paediatrician based on the signs and symptoms during admission. Of the 234 neonates, 189 (80.77%) infants were in the age range of 0 to 7 days (Early onset sepsis) while 45 (19.23%) were aged between 8 and 28 days (Late onset sepsis). Male to female ratio in our study was 53.8% and 46% respectively. Out of total 126 male neonates 91(72.2%) were having early onset sepsis while 35 (27.8%) were late onset type. Out of total 108 female neonates 89(82.4%) were having early onset sepsis while 19 (17.6%) were late onset type. Maternal risk factors were identified in 103(57.2%) of early onset sepsis cases while in late onset sepsis cases were 11(20.4%). Foul smelling liquor in early onset sepsis and in late onset sepsis was 10(5.56%) and 2 (3.70%) respectively. In early onset sepsis cases maternal UTI, Meconium stained amniotic fluid, Multipara and Premature rupture of membrane was seen in 21(11.67%), 19 (10.56%), 20(11.11%) and 33 (18.33%) cases respectively. In late onset sepsis cases maternal UTI, Meconium stained amniotic fluid, Multipara and Premature rupture of membrane was seen in 2 (3.70%), 1(1.85%), 3 (5.56%) and 3 (5.56%) cases respectively. Conclusion: Maternal risk identification may help in the early identification and empirical antibiotic treatment in neonatal sepsis and thus mortality and morbidity can be reduced.

scholarly journals Maternal Risk Factors of Placenta Praevia and Its Effects on Maternal and Fetal Outcome

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-12
Author(s):  
Alpana Adhikary ◽  
Anwara Begum ◽  
Fahmida Sharmin Joty ◽  
Nihar Ranjan Sarker ◽  
Rifat Sultana
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Advanced Maternal Age ◽  
Fetal Outcome ◽  
Placenta Praevia ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
High Parity ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Antepartum Haemorrhage ◽  
History Of

Placenta praevia is one of the most serious obstetric emergencies, which continues to be an important contributor to perinatal mortality and is responsible for leading maternal and infant morbidity. Very few data on etiology of placenta praevia are available till now. This study aims to explore the maternal risk factors related to occurrence of placenta praevia and its effects on maternal and fetal outcome. This cross-sectional observational study was carried out among 3279 obstetrics patients admitted in labour ward in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sher-e-Bangla Medical College Hospital from January to December 2006. Out of 3279 obstetrics patients 93 placenta praevia cases were identified purposively as study subjects. The patients of placenta praevia were selected either diagnosed clinically by painless antepartum haemorrhage or asymptomatic placenta praevia diagnosed by ultrasonography irrespective of age, gestational age, parity, booking status. Pregnant woman admitted with painful antepartum haemorrhage were excluded from the study. With the ethical approval from the Institutional Ethical Committee (IEC), patients were selected after taking their written consent. A structured questionnaire and a chick list were designed with considering all the variables of interest. Out of 93 respondents, 73.88% were associated with risk factors in addition to advanced maternal age and high parity. Among them 24.73%, 33.33% and 7.52% had history of previous caesarean section (CS), MR and abortion and both CS & abortion previously. Patients aged above 30 years were 47% and 35.48% were in their 5th gravid and more; whereas, 31.18% patients were asymptomatic, 68.82% patients presented with varying degree of vaginal bleeding, among them 12.08% were in shock. Active management at presentation was done on 76.34% patients and 23.66% were managed expectantly. CS was done o 82.79% patients and only 17.2% were delivered vaginally. Case fatality rate was 1.07% and about 22% perinatal death was recorded, majority belonged to low birth weight (<1500 gm). About 10% patients required caesarean hysterectomy, 3.22% required bladder repair. Advanced maternal age, high parity, history of previous CS and abortion found to be common with the subsequent development of placenta praevia. Proper diagnosis, early referral and expectant management of patients will reduce prematurity, thereby improvised foetal outcome but to improve maternal outcome rate of primary CS have to be reduced and increase practice of contraception among women of reproductive age. Bangladesh Med J. 2019 May; 48 (2): 7-12

scholarly journals Neonatal Sepsis: A Profile of a Changing Spectrum

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 207-214
Author(s):  
K Venkatnarayan ◽  
PK Bej ◽  
RK Thapar
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Clinical Criteria ◽  
Common Organism ◽  
Sepsis Screen

Introduction: The clinical features of neonatal sepsis are protean and are based on variety of clinical, demographic and laboratory profile of suspected cases. Objectives: To describe the aforementioned profiles in neonates presenting with clinically suspected sepsis based on pre-defined clinical criteria. Material and Methods: Design: Cross-Sectional Study; Setting: Level-2 NICU, Tertiary Care Hospital; Duration: Jan 2011 to Jul 2012. Subjects: 50 consecutive neonates presenting with any of the predefined clinical criteria were assessed for presence of maternal risk factors and studied with respect to: Gestational age, sepsis screen, clinical profile and antibiotic sensitivity of the organisms cultured. Results: Out of the fifty neonates, 38 (76%) were early onset sepsis. The sepsis screen showed an overall sensitivity of 73%, specificity of 54%; with a positive predictive value of 41% and a negative predictive value of 83%. The most common organism cultured was Staphylococcus aureus followed by E Coli, Pseudomonas, Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus and Group B Streptococcus. Ampicillin and Amikacin fared better than Cefotaxime and Gentamicin for Gram positive and Gram negative organisms, respectively. Overall, 37 babies responded to first line antibiotics and 11 required a change of antibiotics. One required addition of inotropes and two of the neonates died. Conclusion: A clinical diagnosis of sepsis based on predefined clinical criteria along with maternal risk factors, over- treated 27 babies (71%) with EONS and 8 babies (66.6%) with LONS. However, such a clinical diagnosis was supported by a septic screen almost twice as frequently (50% Vs 26.3%) in LONS. Staphylococcus aureus was the most common organism isolated. J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2014;34(3):207-214 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v34i3.11236  

scholarly journals Evaluation of the impact of residual anhydramnios following preterm premature rupture of membranes on respiratory distress syndrome

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Erdem Şahin ◽  
Yusuf Madendağ
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Latency Period ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Preterm Premature Rupture ◽  
The Impact

Objective The aim of the present study was to evaluate the impact of residual anhydramnios following preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) on respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) after the pregnancy was expectantly managed. Methods This study was retrospectively conducted at Erciyes University Medical School, Turkey. It assessed women with singleton pregnancies admitted to the hospital between 2010 and 2020 for expectant management of PPROM between 24th and 28th gestational weeks. The patients were divided into three groups as follows: (1) anhydramnios, (2) oligohydramnios, (3) normal amniotic fluid volume (AFV). Main outcome measure was as follows: The first evaluation was AFV at admission and the primary outcome was a neonatal RDS. Adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) for RDS were calculated for each AFV-at-presentation adjusting for gestational age (GA) at PPROM, GA at delivery, latency period, birth-weight percentile, cesarean birth, and chorioamnionitis. Results Of the 440 women with PPROM, 261 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. There were 125 (47.8%) with normal AFV, 71 (27.3%) with oligohydramnios, and 65 (24.9%) with anhydramnios at admission. The maternal demographic characteristics were similar among the groups. Birth weight was significantly different among the groups. RDS was highest in the anhydramnios group (64.6%). Decreased AFV was not associated with RDS in either oligohydramnios or anhydramnios at presentation. A GA at PPROM, latency period >30 days, and cesarean delivery were co-factors in the outcome. Conclusion Our results indicated that oligohydramnios and anhydramnios were not associated with RDS risk, but GA at PPROM and delivery, latency period, and cesarean delivery were independently associated with the RDS risk.

scholarly journals Maternal Risk Factors of Premature Rupture of Membrane (PROM) after 37 Weeks of Pregnancy

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-12
Author(s):  
L. Alijani ◽  
H. Mosadegh ◽  
A.T. Saremi ◽  
M. Mashhadi khan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Maternal Risk

scholarly journals Latency duration of preterm premature rupture of membranes and neonatal outcome: a retrospective single-center experience

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Müller ◽  
Ann-Christin Stähling ◽  
Nora Bruns ◽  
Christel Weiss ◽  
Maria Ai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Premature Rupture Of Membranes ◽  
Premature Rupture ◽  
Preterm Premature Rupture ◽  
Latency Duration

AbstractIn preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM), a decision between early delivery with prematurity complications and pregnancy prolongation bearing the risk of chorioamnionitis has to be made. To define disadvantages of delayed prolongation, latency duration of PPROM in expectantly managed pregnancies was investigated. We included those PPROMs > 48 h leading to preterm birth prior 37 weeks’ gestation and retrospectively analyzed 84 preterm infants fulfilling these criteria. The association between latency duration/appearance of PPROM and respiratory outcome (primary outcomes) and neurological outcome (secondary outcomes) was investigated. The study showed that latency duration of PPROM is not associated with clinical or histological chorioamnionitis (p = 0.275; p = 0.332). As the numerous clinical parameters show multicollinearity between each other, we performed a multiple regression analysis to consider this fact. Respiratory distress syndrome is significantly associated with gestational age at PPROM (p < 0.001), and surfactant application is significantly associated with PPROM duration (p = 0.014). The other respiratory parameters including steroids and diuretics therapy, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and the neurological parameters (intraventricular hemorrhage, Bayley II testing at a corrected age of 24 months) were not significantly associated with PPROM duration or gestational age at PPROM diagnosis.Conclusion: Latency duration of PPROM was not associated with adverse neonatal outcome in expectantly and carefully managed pregnancies, but respiratory distress syndrome was pronounced. The observed effect of pronounced respiratory distress syndrome can be treated with surfactant preparations and was not followed by increased rate of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. What is Known:• In case of preterm premature rupture of membranes, a decision between pregnancy prolongation with the risk of chorioamnionitis and early delivery with prematurity complications has to be made.• Chorioamnionitis is a dangerous situation for the pregnant woman and the fetus.• Impaired neurodevelopmental outcome is strongly correlated with pronounced prematurity due to the increased rate of serious complications. What is New:• Respiratory distress syndrome is significantly associated with gestational age at PPROM, and surfactant application is significantly associated with PPROM duration.• Latency duration of PPROM is not associated with adverse respiratory neonatal outcome (therapy with continuous positive airway pressure, therapy with diuretics and/or steroids, bronchopulmonary dysplasia) in expectantly and carefully managed pregnancies.• Intraventricular hemorrhage and Bayley II testing at a corrected age of 24 months are not associated with latency duration of PPROM when pregnancies are carefully observed.

scholarly journals Frequency of maternal risk factors in diagnosed cases of early neonatal sepsis.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 2044-2047
Author(s):  
Faraz Ahmed ◽  
Mohsin Ali ◽  
Hussan Ali Sarwar ◽  
Miqdad Haider ◽  
Muhammad Bilal Safdar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Preterm Delivery ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
Early Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Study Setting

One of the major and important but preventable causes of neonatal morbidity and mortality is Neonatal sepsis. Objectives: To determine the frequency of maternal risk factors in diagnosed cases of early neonatal sepsis. Study Design: Descriptive cross sectional study. Setting: Nursery, Department of Children Hospital and the institute of child health, Lahore. Period: 15-01-2016 to 15-07-2016. Material and Methods: After approval from hospital ethical committee, according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, 250 patients were enrolled in the study from nursery department of children hospital, Lahore. Maternal risk factors i.e. PROM, meconium stained liquor and preterm delivery were recorded along with the demographic information of each case. Results: In our study, out of 250 cases, cases between 1-2 days were 64.8% (n=162) while cases between 3 days of life were 35.2% (n=88), mean+sd was resulted as 2.17+0.69 days. Frequency of maternal risk factors in diagnosed cases of early neonatal sepsis was turned out as 64.8% (n=162) PROM, 29.6% (n=74) meconium stained liquor and preterm delivery was resulted in 21.2% (n=53). Conclusion: The leading maternal risk factor is PROM followed by meconium stained liquor and preterm delivery in diagnosed cases of early neonatal sepsis.

scholarly journals NEONATAL HYPOGLYCEMIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 21 (04) ◽  
pp. 745-749
Author(s):  
Sikandar Ali Bhand ◽  
Farzana Sheikh ◽  
Abdul Rehman Siyal ◽  
Muhammad Akber Nizamani ◽  
Muhammad Saeed
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Family History ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Maternal Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Mellitus ◽  
Maternal Risk ◽  
History Of

… Objective: To determine the presenting features and assessment of the neonateswith hypoglycemia along with maternal and neonatal risk factors for hypoglycemia. Subjects &methods: All consecutive neonates with hypoglycemia admitted were included in the study.Demographic characteristics of the mothers and their babies, past medical history and illnessesduring pregnancy especially that, of diabetes mellitus and duration, details of the management oflabour and place of delivery, birth asphyxia as well as history of feeding prior to admission. All therisk factors and clinical features were documented. Results: From presenting features neonateswere most common temperature instability 32% of the neonates. Maternal risk factors were asMaternal diabetic mellitus, Intrapartum administration of glucose , Maternal drug uses as: (Betablockers, Oral hypoglycemic agents, Valproate), family history of metabolic disorder and withoutany factors with the percentage 13%, 17%, (15%, 08%, 07%) , 27% and 13% respectively.Neonatal risk factors of the patients were found low birth weight 49%, small gestational age 26%,macrosomia 11%, respiratory distress 32%, sepsis 20%, hypothermia 25%, congenital cardiacabnormalities 4%, endocrine disorder 4%, family history of metabolic disorder 7%, inborn errorsof metabolism 4%, rhesus hemolytic disease 5%, erythroblastosis fetalis 1%, inadequate feeding35% and neonates without factors were 6%. Conclusions: The risk factors associate withneonatal hypoglycemia are, low birth weight, small gestational age, macrodome, respiratorydistress, sepsis, hypothermia and inadequate feeding , and maternal risk factors associate toneonatal hypoglycemia was Eclampsia, Maternal diabetic mellitus, and maternal drug uses

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