scholarly journals Preparation of Activated Carbon for the Removal of Pb (II) from Aqueous Solutions

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 94-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeshwar Man Shrestha ◽  
Raja Ram Pradhananga ◽  
Margit Varga ◽  
Imre Varga
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Removal Of Metal Ions

The present study deals with the use of activated carbons prepared from Lapsi seed stone as adsorbents for the removal of Pb (II) ions from aqueous solution. Two series of carbon have been prepared from Lapsi seed stones by treating with conc. H2SO4 and a mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3 in the ratio of 1:1 by weight for removal of metal ions. Chemical characterization of the resultant activated carbon was studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Boehm titration which revealed the presence of oxygen containing surface functional groups like carboxylic, lactonic, phenolic in the carbons. The effect of pH and initial metal ion concentration on the adsorption was studied in a batch process mode. The optimum pH for lead adsorption is found to be equal to 5. The adsorption data were better fitted with the Langmuir equations than Freundlich adsorption equation to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The maximum adsorption capacity of Pb (II) on the resultant activated carbons was 277.8 mg g-1 with H2SO4 and 423.7 mg g-1 with a mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3. The waste material used in the preparation of the activated carbons is inexpensive and readily available. Hence the carbons prepared from Lapsi seed stones can act as potential low cost adsorbents for the removal of Pb (II) from water. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v28i0.8114 Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Vol. 28, 2011 Page: 94-101 Uploaded Date: May 24, 2013

scholarly journals Removal of Ni (II) from Aqueous Solution by Adsorption onto Activated Carbon Prepared from Lapsi (Choerospondias axillaris) Seed Stone

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rajeshwar M. Shrestha ◽  
Margit Varga ◽  
Imre Varga ◽  
Amar P. Yadav ◽  
Bhadra P. Pokharel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Adsorption Data ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Nickel Adsorption

Activated carbons were prepared from Lapsi seed stone by the treatment with H2SO4 and HNO3 for the removal of Ni (II) ions from aqueous solution. Two activated carbon have been prepared from Lapsi seed stones by treating with conc.H2SO4 and a mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3 in the ratio of 1:1 by weight for removal of Ni(II) ions. Chemical characterization of the resultant activated carbons was studied by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and Boehm titration which revealed the presence of oxygen containing surface functional groups like carboxyl, lactones and phenols in the carbons. The optimum pH for nickel adsorption is found to be 5. The adsorption data were better fitted with the Langmuir equations than Freundlich adsorption equation to describe the equilibrium isotherms. The maximum adsorption capacity of Ni (II) on the resultant activated carbons was 28.25.8 mg g-1 with H2SO4 and 69.49 mg g-1 with a mixture of H2SO4 and HNO3. The waste material used in the preparation of the activated carbons is inexpensive and readily available. Hence the carbons prepared from Lapsi seed stones can act as potential low cost adsorbents for the removal of Ni (II) from water. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jie.v9i1.10680Journal of the Institute of Engineering, Vol. 9, No. 1, pp. 166–174

scholarly journals Adsorption Study of Cu2+ Ions from Aqueous Solutions by Bael Flowers (Aegle marmelos)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 11891-11904
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Aegle Marmelos ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Initial Ph

In the present study, batch mode adsorption was carried out to investigate the adsorption capacity of dried bael flowers (Aegle marmelos) for the adsorptive removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions by varying agitation time, initial metal concentration, the dose of adsorbent, temperature, and initial pH of the Cu(II) ion solution. The percentage removal of 98.7% was observed at 50 ppm initial metal ion concentration, 0.5 g/100.00 cm3 adsorbent dosage, within the contact time of 120 minutes at 30 ºC in the pH range of 4 – 7. The sorption processes of Cu(II) ions was best described by pseudo-second-order kinetics. Langmuir isotherm had a good fit with the experimental data with 0.97 of correlation coefficient (R2), and the maximum adsorption capacity obtained was 23.14 mg g-1 at 30 ºC. The results obtained from sorption thermodynamic studies suggested that the adsorption process is exothermic and spontaneous. SEM analysis showed tubular voids on the adsorbent. FTIR studies indicated the presence of functional groups like hydroxyl, –C-O, –C=O, and amide groups in the adsorbent, which can probably involve in metal ion adsorption. Therefore, dried bael flowers can be considered an effective low-cost adsorbent for treating Cu(II) ions.

scholarly journals A Study on Heavy Metal Ion Adsorption, Antibacterial and Anticancer Activities of Sawdust Chitosan Activated Carbon

2020 ◽  
pp. 56-69
Author(s):  
K. Kayalvizhi ◽  
N. M. I. Alhaji ◽  
D. Saravanakkumar ◽  
A. Ayeshamariam
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Activation Parameters ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Anticancer Activities ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Composite Beads ◽  
Surface Modified

Sawdust-Chitosan Composite beads (SDCCB), a low-cost non-conventional surface modified activated carbon, has been used for the efficient removal of Cu(II) ions from aqueous solutions. Surface morphology of the sample has been characterized by XRD, SEM, EDAX and FTIR analyses. Batch experiments have been conducted spectrophotometrically in order to determine the maximum adsorption capacity and influence of physicochemical parameters. The experimental data has been fitted with various isotherm and kinetic models to predict the conditions for maximum adsorption. The activation parameters evaluated for this adsorption process propose the adsorption mechanism as feasible, spontaneous, endothermic and increased randomness. Also, the antimicrobial and anticancer activities of SDCCB have been screened by disk diffusion method and MTT assay, respectively.

scholarly journals Using Pomegranate Peel and Date Pit Activated Carbon for the Removal of Cadmium and Lead Ions from Aqueous Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Wedad A. Al-Onazi ◽  
Mohamed H.H. Ali ◽  
Tahani Al-Garni
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Aqueous Solutions ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Reaction Model ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Solution Ph ◽  
Pomegranate Peel

Some agricultural byproducts are useful for solving wastewater pollution problems. These byproducts are of low cost and are effective and ecofriendly. The study aim was to investigate the possibility of using pomegranate peel (PP) and date pit (DP) activated carbon (PPAC and DPAC, respectively) as sorbents to remove Cd(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. Agricultural wastes of DPs and PPs were subjected to carbonization and chemical activation with H3PO4 (60%) and ZnCl2 and used as adsorbents to remove Cd(II) and Pb(II) from their aqueous solutions. The physical characterizations of PPAC and DPAC, including determination of surface area, scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, were performed. The following factors affected adsorption: solution pH, adsorbent dosage, initial metal ion concentration, and contact time. These factors were studied to identify the optimal adsorption conditions. The results showed that the maximum adsorptions of Cd(II) and Pb(II) were achieved at pH ranging from 6 to 6.5, 90 min contact time, and 0.5 g/L for PPAC and 1 g/L for DPAC dosage. Furthermore, the adsorption efficiencies for both Pb(II) and Cd(II) were higher for PPAC than for DPAC. However, the recorded Qmax values for PPAC were 68.6 and 53.8 mg/g for Pb(II) and Cd(II) and for DPAC were 34.18 and 32.90 mg/g for Pb(II) and Cd(II), respectively. The Langmuir isotherm model fit the adsorption data better than the Freundlich model. Kinetically, the adsorption reaction followed a pseudo-second-order reaction model, with qe ranging from 12.0 to 22.37 mg/g and an R2 value of 0.99.

scholarly journals Adsorption of Fluoride Ion onto Zirconyl-Impregnated Activated Carbon Prepared from Lapsi Seed Stone

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 13-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sahira Joshi ◽  
Mandira Adhikari ◽  
Raja Ram Pradhananga
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Zinc Chloride ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Nitrogen Atmosphere ◽  
Batch Mode ◽  
Fluoride Adsorption

The potentials of activated carbon derived from Lapsi (Choerospondias axillaries) seed stone after impregnation with zirconium for adsorptive removal of fluoride is presented. Activated carbons from Lapsi seed stone were prepared by three different techniques. Firstly by directly burning in limited supply of air, secondly by treating with a mixture of conc. H2SO4 and HNO3 (in the ratio of 1:1 by weight) and thirdly by activation with zinc chloride (in the ratio of 1:1 by weight) followed by carbonization at 400°C and 500°C under nitrogen atmosphere. Thus prepared carbons were impregnated with zirconyl oxychloride and effects of pH, adsorbent dose, and contact time and adsorbate concentration for the removal of fluoride were evaluated by batch mode. The optimum pH for adsorption of fluoride was observed at pH 3-4, and a minimum contact time for the maximum defluoridation was found to be 180 min. The Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms were used to describe adsorption equilibrium. Zirconium impregnation increased the fluoride adsorption capacity of carbon to considerable extent. Among carbon prepared by three different techniques, the carbon prepared from zinc chloride activation followed by carbonization showed relatively higher fluoride adsorption capacity. From the experiment it is concluded that activated carbon prepared from Lapsi seed is an efficient, low-cost alternative to commercial activated carbon for defluoridation of water.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v30i0.9330Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Vol. 30, 2012 Page:  13-23 Uploaded date: 12/16/2013    

scholarly journals Preparation of Activated Carbons from Spent Coffee Grounds and Coffee Parchment and Assessment of Their Adsorbent Efficiency

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1396
Author(s):  
Gustavo A. Figueroa Campos ◽  
Jeffrey Paulo H. Perez ◽  
Inga Block ◽  
Sorel Tchewonpi Sagu ◽  
Pedro Saravia Celis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Spent Coffee Grounds ◽  
Hydrophobic Compounds ◽  
Coffee Grounds ◽  
By Products

The valorization of coffee wastes through modification to activated carbon has been considered as a low-cost adsorbent with prospective to compete with commercial carbons. So far, very few studies have referred to the valorization of coffee parchment into activated carbon. Moreover, low-cost and efficient activation methods need to be more investigated. The aim of this work was to prepare activated carbon from spent coffee grounds and parchment, and to assess their adsorption performance. The co-calcination processing with calcium carbonate was used to prepare the activated carbons, and their adsorption capacity for organic acids, phenolic compounds and proteins was evaluated. Both spent coffee grounds and parchment showed yields after the calcination and washing treatments of around 9.0%. The adsorption of lactic acid was found to be optimal at pH 2. The maximum adsorption capacity of lactic acid with standard commercial granular activated carbon was 73.78 mg/g, while the values of 32.33 and 14.73 mg/g were registered for the parchment and spent coffee grounds activated carbons, respectively. The Langmuir isotherm showed that lactic acid was adsorbed as a monolayer and distributed homogeneously on the surface. Around 50% of total phenols and protein content from coffee wastewater were adsorbed after treatment with the prepared activated carbons, while 44, 43, and up to 84% of hydrophobic compounds were removed using parchment, spent coffee grounds and commercial activated carbon, respectively; the adsorption efficiencies of hydrophilic compounds ranged between 13 and 48%. Finally, these results illustrate the potential valorization of coffee by-products parchment and spent coffee grounds into activated carbon and their use as low-cost adsorbent for the removal of organic compounds from aqueous solutions.

scholarly journals Adsorption of chromium ions from tannery effluents onto activated carbon prepared from rice husk and potato peel by H3PO4 activation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ephraim Vunain ◽  
Joel Brian Njewa ◽  
Timothy Tiwonge Biswick ◽  
Adewale Kabir Ipadeola
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Potato Peel ◽  
Tannery Effluents ◽  
Chromium Vi

AbstractTwo biomass agricultural waste materials; rice husks (RH) and potato peels (PP) were used as precursors for preparation of activated carbons by chemical activation using phosphoric acid for adsorption of hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] from tannery effluents. The prepared rice husk (RH–AC) and potato peel activated carbon (PP–AC) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. Adsorption experiments were performed by varying pH, agitation speed, contact time, adsorbent dose and initial metal ion concentration. Freundlich, Langmuir and Temkin isotherms were used to analyze the equilibrium data obtained at different adsorption conditions. It was found that the adsorption isotherms were well fitted by the Freundlich equation and the adsorption process was found to follow pseudo-second-order rate kinetics. Adsorption results obtained show a maximum Cr(VI) uptake being attained at pH 2.0, with chromium removal efficiency of 99.88% and 99.52% for RH–AC and PP–AC, respectively. RH–AC and PP–AC are effective adsorbent for the removal of chromium(VI) ions from wastewater.

Tamanrasset’s Clay Characterization and Use as Low Cost, Ecofriendly and Sustainable Material for Water Treatment: Progress and Challenge in Copper Cu (II)

2021 ◽  
Vol 406 ◽  
pp. 457-472
Author(s):  
Aicha Kourim ◽  
Moulay Abderrahmane Malouki ◽  
Aicha Ziouche ◽  
Mouna Boulahbal ◽  
Madjda Mokhtari
Keyword(s):  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Equilibrium Process

In this study, the adsorption of copper Cu (II) from aqueous solution, on Tamanrasset’s clay which is low cost adsorbent, was studied using batch experiments. The adsorption study includes both equilibrium adsorption isotherms and kinetics. The characterization of the adsorbent necessitated several methods such as X-Ray Diffraction, Scanning Electron Microscopy coupled with Energy Dispersive X-ray, BET for specific surface area determination, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and thermogravimetric analysis. Indeed, various parameters were investigated such as contact time, initial metal ion concentration, mass of solid, pH of the solution and temperature. The adsorption process as batch study was investigated under the previews experimental parameters. The results revealed that the adsorption capacity of Cu2+ is maximized at naturel pH of metal 5.5. Removal of copper by the clay of Tamanrasset (kaolinite) achieved equilibrium within 50 minutes; the results obtained were found to be fitted by the pseudo-second order kinetics model. The equilibrium process was well described by the Langmuir model and the maximum adsorption capacity was found to be 26.59 mg/g.

scholarly journals Removal of As(III) from Aqueous Solution Using Fe(III) Loaded Pomegranate Waste

2013 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 29-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheela Thapa ◽  
Megh Raj Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ion ◽  
Chemical Society ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption Isotherm ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Langmuir Adsorption ◽  
Batch System ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Removal Of Arsenic ◽  
Adsorbent Dose

A study on As(III) removal using Fe(III) loaded pomegranate waste as an adsorbent is presented. The effects of initial metal ion concentration, contact time, adsorbent dose and pH of the solution on the removal of arsenic were investigated in a batch system. The optimum pH for As(III) adsorption using Fe(III)-loaded charred pomegranate waste [Fe-CPW] was found to be 9. The equilibrium has beenachieved in 2 hours. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) for the adsorption of As (III) was found tobe 50 mg/g. The experimental data fitted well with the Langmuir adsorption isotherm model.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jncs.v30i0.9332Journal of Nepal Chemical Society Vol. 30, 2012 Page:  29-36 Uploaded date: 12/16/2013   

scholarly journals Removal of Pb(II) from wastewater using activated carbon prepared from the seeds of Reptonia buxifolia

2020 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 265-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
Javed Ali ◽  
Nousahd Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Umar ◽  
Shaukat Shujah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Metal Ion ◽  
Batch Process ◽  
Langmuir Model ◽  
Ion Concentration ◽  
Freundlich Model ◽  
Adsorption Phenomenon ◽  
Morphology And Structure ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals

The potential of activated carbon as a cheap bioadsorbent prepared from Reptonia buxifolia seeds, for the removal of Pb(II) from wastewater was investigated. The morphology and structure of the prepared activated carbon was characterized using different techniques. Adsorption phenomenon was studied by varying the metal ion concentration, contact time, temperature, and pH, in a batch process. The SEM results showed that the thermal treatment significantly altered the topography of synthesized activated carbon due to formation of numerous pores on the surface of the adsorbent. At equilibrium, the Langmuir model gave a better fit to the adsorption isotherm results than the Freundlich model. Kinetics data indicate that equilibrium is established within the first 60 min. The results showed that activated carbon obtained from seeds of R. buxifolia have the potential to be used as alternative economical biosorbent for the removal of heavy metals from wastewater.

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