scholarly journals Topical Nitroglycerine Versus Lateral Sphincterectomy for Fissure in Ano: A Hospital Based Comparative Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-43
Author(s):  
Bimarsh Adhikari ◽  
Sunil Kumar Yadav ◽  
S. N. Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Pain Reduction ◽  
Lateral Sphincterotomy ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Benign Condition ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Anal fissure is a common benign condition presenting as severe pain, constipations and bleeding per rectum. It is defined as longitudinal tear or defect in anal canal skin. Surgical treatment of this conditions requires hospital admission and complications, like bleeding, infection and to its severe extent continence disturbances. That warrants a new treatment modality as pharmacological sphincterotomy i. e topical GTN (glycerine trinitrate) whose effects are reversible, cost effective and simple. Objective: The objective is to compare the effectiveness of topical GTN over lateral sphincterotomy in terms of pain management and healing of fissure. Method: This was a comparative study carried out in the department of Surgery at Nepalgunj Medical College, Teaching Hospital. Two groups were created and 25 patients in each group were put randomly. First group (Group 1) used topical GTN whereas second group(Group 2) underwent lateral sphincterotomy for treatment of fissure. The two groups were reassessed at 4 and 8 weeks for pain and fissure healing. Result: Total number of patients was 50. Each group consisted of 25 patients. The male to female ratio in group 1 was 1:1.5 and in group 2 it was 1: 1.8. In group 1 patients after 4 weeks of application of GTN pain reduced from the mean of 80±15 at the time of presentation to 50±9.27. When these patients were seen after 8 weeks, the pain reduction on VAS was nil in 21 patients out of 25. In group 2 the mean score fell from 75±15 to 20±10 after 4 weeks and at 8weeks 23 out of 25 patients didn't have any pain. It was observed that the pain reduction and healing were faster in group 2 patients when evaluated after 4 weeks (p=0.0029). but at the end of 8 weeks both group patients were similar in terms of pain reduction and healing of fissure (p=.28). Conclusion: According to study local GTN application is as effective as lateral sphincterotomy with cost effectiveness, simple with tolerable side effect and no continence disturbances.

scholarly journals The Frequency of Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia (idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura) in Patients with Isolated Thrombocytopenia

Blood ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 132 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 4982-4982
Author(s):  
Anait L. Melikyan ◽  
Elena K Egorova ◽  
Elena I Pustovaya ◽  
Tamara I Kolosheynova ◽  
Irina N Subortseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Immune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Thrombocytopenic Purpura ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Hematological Diseases ◽  
Viral Hepatitis C ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Primary Immune Thrombocytopenia ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract CONTEXT: Many hematological and non-hematological diseases can be hidden under the mask of isolated thrombocytopenia. The choice of therapeutic tactics is determinated by correct diagnosis. OBJECTIVE: to define the frequency of occurrence of primary immune thrombocytopenia (idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura-ITP) in the group of patients with isolated thrombocytopenia. Materials and methods: We analysed clinical and laboratory data of 301 patients who applied to the outpatient department of National Research Center for hematology, Russian Federation with thrombocytopenia of unspecified origin. The first group is 183 patients who applied for the first time. The second group is 118 patients with long history of ITP. All patients were examined according to the extended differential diagnostic protocol used in isolated thrombocytopenia and based on international and National clinical recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of ITP in adults. Results: Median age of patients in both groups was 36 years, male/female ratio in group 1 was 1:2, in group 2 - 1:4. In group 1, the count of platelets in the blood was more than 50*109/l in 87% of cases, while in the second group, in most cases (94%), there was a decrease in the count of platelets <50*109/l. Among the patients of the first group, haemorrhagic syndrome was absent in 50% of cases, even with platelet count less than 50*109/l. In the second group, 88% of patients complained of haemorrhages on the skin and mucosa, in 2% of cases life-threatening bleeding (uterine and gastrointestinal) developed (table 1). The examination carried out according to the protocol allowed to establish the diagnosis of ITP in group 1 in 88 (48%) patients, in group 2 in 100 (85%). Thus, the ratio of primary and secondary thrombocytopenia in group 1 was 1:1, in group 2 - 6:1. (fig. 1). The causes of secondary thrombocytopenia in group 1 were: increased consumption syndrome with thrombogenic complications in 16 (9%) patients, autoimmune diseases, occurring with isolated thrombocytopenia in 13 (7%) cases, virus-associated thrombocytopenia in 12 (7%) patients, drug-induced thrombocytopenia in 8 (4%) patients with diseases of the cardiovascular system, long-taking anticoagulants and disaggregants, in 7 (4%) cases of chronic viral hepatitis C, in 4 (2%) - liver cirrhosis of non-viral etiology, in 4 (2%) HIV infection, in 4 (2%) lymphoproliferative disease, in 2 (1%) acute leukemia, in 3 (2%) cases myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), 14 (8%) women were diagnosed with gestational thrombocytopenia, EDTA-associated false thrombocytopenia was detected in 8 (4%) patients. Repeated examination of patients of the second group was carried out in the following cases: early relapse, resistance to corticosteroid therapy or loss of response after any line of therapy, incompliance of haemorrhagic syndrome with the count of platelets, the presence of thrombosis in the history, causing doubts in the diagnosis of ITP. The diagnosis of ITP in this group was changed to antiphospholipid syndrome in 4 patients, MDS in 4 cases, in 2 - systemic lupus erythematosus, in 3 - primary immunodeficiency and 2 patients, aged 40 and 44 years were found to have a genetic abnormality - abnormality Meya-Hegglina and thrombasthenia Glanzmann. A comparison of the number of patients diagnosed with ITP and secondary thrombocytopenia by age groups showed that secondary thrombocytopenia are more common at the age of 60 years (38% versus 19%, respectively) (Fig. 2). Conclusion: This study clearly presents a variety of hematological and non-hematological diseases occurring with isolated thrombocytopenia, which indicates the ambiguity of such concepts as the symptom of isolated thrombocytopenia and primary immune thrombocytopenia and requires a complete examination not only in the onset of the disease, but also in the recurrence of ITP. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Comparative study between open and laparoscopic lymphadenectomy (pelvic and para-aortic) in gynecological malignancies

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 1657
Author(s):  
Hytham R. Yassin ◽  
Soliman ALShakhs ◽  
Mohammed Hamed ◽  
Adel Karam ◽  
Mohammed Mouneer
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Radical Surgery ◽  
Safe Procedure ◽  
Gynecological Malignancies ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Background: Objective of present study was to compare the results of lymphaenectomy (pelvic and para-aortic) between laparoscopy and laparotomy in gynecological malignancies.Methods: Authors analyze the results of 30 patients suffering from gynecological malignancies (Enometrial, Ovarian and cervical) submitted to surgery as apart of treatment. Patients were classified in Two Groups Group (1) included15 patients were submitted to open radical surgery and group (2) included 15 patients Were submitted to laparoscopic radical surgery between May 2016 and October 2017.Results: In present comparative study, there was significant difference regarding intra operative blood loss, operative time and post operative hospital stay (P<0.001) and there was no significant difference regarding intra-operative complications, post-operative complications, total number of lymph node harvested, number of positive lymphnodes (P>0.05).Conclusions: Laparoscopic lymphadenectomy is a technically feasible and safe procedure. Authors recommend further study in large number of patients with longer duration and follow up period for assessment of oncological out-come.

scholarly journals A retrospective comparative study to evaluate the efficacy and safety of mifepristone with misoprostol over misoprostol alone in induction in labor

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 5140
Author(s):  
Reena Sharma ◽  
B. R. Sharma ◽  
Poojan Dogra
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Induction Of Labour ◽  
Cervical Ripening ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Group A ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group B ◽  
Retrospective Comparative Study ◽  
Group 1

Background: The aim is to compare the improvement in pre-induction Bishop’s score, proportion of patients going in labor and induction–delivery interval after using the Misoprostol versus Mifepristone and Misoprostol as cervical ripening and labor inducing agent.Methods: It is retrospective comparative study conducted on 110 women. Women were randomized in group A and in group B of 55 patients in each group. Group A received tab Mifepristone 200 mg orally on day 1 followed by Misoprostol 25 ug after 48 hours and continued 6 hourly till maximum four tablets and group B patients received tablet Misoprostol 25ug and continued 25ug 6hrly maximum 4 doses. Women observed for improvement in Bishop‟s score, induction-delivery interval and requirement of subsequent doses of Misoprostol.Results: Present study concluded that tablet Mifepristone is an efficient cervical ripening and inducing agent of labor as pre-induction Bishop’s score was improved. 36.4%patients went into labor only with tablet Mifepristone. The mean induction-delivery interval was,19±12.2hrs in Group 1 as compare to 13.1±13.0 hrs in Group 2. Mean Bishop’s score observed in Group 1 were 2.5±1.78 and 1.67±1.25 in Group 2. It was observed that there was significant improvement in the Bishop’s score after giving Mifepristone to the patients; mean Bishop’s 24hrs after mifepristone were 4.03±1.80. Repeated dose of Misoprostol required in Group 1 was observed to be higher than group 2 as shown in table 8. Mean misoprostol doses required in group 1 was 2.56±1.15 as compared to 1.71±1.58 in group 2.Conclusions: Mifepristone with Misoprostol reduce the induction delivery interval and more potent in combination for induction of labour as compared to Misoprostol alone.

scholarly journals Effect of Renal Function on Success and Complications of Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy

2021 ◽  
pp. 68-73
Author(s):  
Serkan Yarimoglu ◽  
Mehmet Erhan Aydin ◽  
Murat Sahan ◽  
Omer Koras ◽  
Onur Erdemoglu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Renal Function ◽  
Glomerular Filtration ◽  
Percutaneous Nephrolithotomy ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Complication Rates ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Objective: In this study, we aimed to compare the success and complication rates of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) according to preoperative glomerular filtration rates (GFR) of patients who underwent PCNLdue to kidney stones. Material and Methods: Between January 2012 and December 2016, 794 patients who underwent PCNL due to kidney Stones were evaluated retrospectively. Preoperative GFR values of patients were calculated according to Cockcroft –Gault formula. The patients with preoperative GFR values>90 ml/min, 60-90 ml/min, 30-60 ml/min were respectively defined as group-1, group-2 and group-3. Preoperative and perioperative values, Stone free rates and complication rates were compared between the groups. Postoperatively , <4 mm residual stone was identified as success. Results: There were 466 patients in Group-1, 259 in Group-2 and 67 patients in Group-3. The mean preoperative GFR values of the patients were 118.53 ml/min, 77.76 ml/min and 48.52 ml/min, respectively in group-1, group-2 and group-3 (p <0.001).The mean age of the patients was 62.8±11.47, 51.86±11.10, and60.31±12.7, respectively, in group-1, group-2 and group-3 (p<0.001).The mean Stone burden of the patients were 497.34±518.60 mm2, 517.6±493.8 mm2and 711.06±679.07 mm2, respectively, in group-1, group-2 and group-3 (p=0.013). The number of patients identified with success after surgery was 355 (86.2%), 195 (76.1%) and 50 (74.6%) in group-1, group-2 and group-3, respectively (p = 0.542). The number of patients who develop complications was 114 (%24.65), 57 (%22) and 11 (%16.4) in group-1, group-2 and group-3, respectively (p=0.310). Conclusion: Preoperative GFR valuesare not lonely sufficient to predict success and complications after PCNL. Keywords: Percutaneous nephrolithotomy, renal function, renal stone, glomerular filtration rates

scholarly journals Comparison of spinal manipulation and short-wave diathermy on patients with chronic postural low back pain, in department of physical medicine at teaching hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 914
Author(s):  
W. A. T. Nisansala ◽  
H. H. T. Shashikala ◽  
I. N. Aluthge ◽  
K. N. B. Illukkumbura ◽  
S. Sukirthan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Spinal Manipulation ◽  
Pain Reduction ◽  
Short Wave ◽  
Treatment Session ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Physical Medicine ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

<p><strong>Background:</strong> Chronic postural low back pain (CPLBP) is one of the common health problems worldwide. The aim of the study was to compare the spinal manipulation (SM) and short-wave diathermy (SWD) in patients with CPLBP in department of physical medicine at teaching hospital, Kandy, Sri Lanka.<strong></strong></p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Observational study was conducted. Patients diagnosed as CPLBP, who referred to the department of physical medicine (DPM), teaching hospital Kandy, were observed in the study (n=140). Seventy (70) patients were allocated for SWD and 70 for SM by the consultant. Two physiotherapists were routinely appointed for the treatments and SWD treatment by group 1 and SM was carried out by group 2. The two treatment sessions were continued once a week through four weeks. Outcomes were measured by numerical pain scale to compare with initial pain.</p><p><strong>Results:</strong> Group 1, SM consisted 39 females and 31 males, group 2, SWD 40 females and 30 males. After 4 sessions, the mean value of pain reduction from initial pain was significantly high (p&lt;0.001) in SM group than the short-wave diathermy group in both genders. (Female: 6.410 (SM) and 4.625 (SWD), Male:6.710 (SM) and 4.333 (SWD). Further the mean values showed that there was a significant pain reduction during the initial treatment session than 2<sup>nd</sup>, 3<sup>rd</sup>and final sessions in both treatment groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Pain reduction was more pronounced in the first treatment session in both methods. SM is more effective for the treatment of CPLBP irrespectively the age and gender when compare to the SWD in the study population. Therefore, SM could apply on CPLBP patients with higher effective treatment.</p>

5967A randomized trial of yoga therapy for reflex syncope

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
S I Sinam ◽  
R S Gangwar ◽  
B Banavalikar ◽  
D Padmanabhan ◽  
V Gangwar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Tilt Test ◽  
Duration Of Symptoms ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Yoga Therapy ◽  
Reflex Syncope ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

Abstract Background Reflex syncope (RS), the most common cause of syncope is usually recurrent, associated with decreased quality of life, and frustrates both the clinicians and the patients with a paucity of effective treatment options. Purpose To assess the effectiveness of yoga therapy on the recurrence of reflex syncope. Methods Subjects with recurrent RS (>3 episodes) and positive head-up tilt test were enrolled prospectively, and randomized to conventional therapy with physical maneuvres (Group 1) and yoga therapy (Group 2). Group 1 patients were taught physical counter-pressure maneuvers as per guidelines. Group 2 patients were taught yoga for 7 sessions by a certified Yoga instructor/therapist, and then advised to perform yoga for 60 minutes at least five days/week for six months. The Yoga module consisted of Pranayama (breathing techniques), Asanas (Postures) and Dhyana (Meditation) for 60 minutes/session. Both groups were followed up monthly for 6 months in the syncope clinic noting down the recurrences and the quality of life using the syncope functional status questionnaire score. Result The study group consisted of 97 patients (group 1: 46 patients and group 2: 51 patients) enrolled prospectively between June 2015 to February 2017. The mean age was 33.1±16.6 years, with male: female ratio 1.1:1, and a mean of 6.4±6.06 syncope episodes (group 1: 6.8±8.0 vs. group 2: 6.0±4.0; p=0.551). The mean duration of symptoms was 17.1±20.71 months (group 1: 16.1±22.8 months vs. group 2: 17.8±19.1 months; p=0.694). There was a significant decrease in the recurrences of syncope in the yoga group compared to the conventional group at three months (group 1: 1.8±1.4 vs group 2: 0.8±0.9, P<0.001) as well as six months follow-up (group 1: 3.38±3.0 vs group 2: 0.98±1.23, P<0.001). The quality of life score at 6 months improved in 20 patients in group 1 and in 45 patients in group 2 (<0.001). Conclusion Guided yoga therapy is superior to conventional measures in reducing the number of syncopal episodes and improves the quality of life in patients with reflex syncope. Yoga therapy should be considered as treatment strategy for patients with reflex syncope.

scholarly journals VESICO-VAGINAL FISTULA

2011 ◽  
Vol 18 (03) ◽  
pp. 354-360
Author(s):  
ABDUL RASHEED SHAIKH ◽  
SHAHIDA SHAIKH ◽  
SHABNUM NAZ SHAIKH ◽  
Abdul Haleem Shaikh ◽  
Aijaz Ahmed Memon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Success Rate ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Vaginal Fistula ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Vesico Vaginal Fistula ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To evaluate the outcome of Vesico-vaginal Fistulae (VVF) repair by abdominal and vaginal route. Design: Interventional / clinical trial. Setting: Department of Urology, Chandka Medical College Teaching Hospital and Almas Medical Centre Larkana. Period: Feb; 2005 to Nov; 2010. Patients/Methods: After routine clinical examination and investigation, patients having Vesico-vaginal Fistulae (VVF) were selected for repair. All patients had under gone examination those anesthesia (EUA) and cystoscopy. The patients having complex fistulae or associated with urethral, ureteric and colonic involvement or with preexisting malignant pelvic pathology were excluded from the study. Patients were divided in to 02 groups on the basis of the site of the fistula and the method of repair. Group-I comprised of those patients who had low type or uncomplicated fistulae and were operated by vaginal approach. Group-II consisted of those patients who had high type or large fistulae and were operated by abdominal approach. Postoperative follow up was carried out on weekly basis for 03 to 06 months. Results: Our study included 32 cases. Group-I and II comprised of 18 and 14 patients respectively. The mean age was 34 years (ranged from 22 to 45 years). The main cause of vesico-vaginal fistulae was obstetrical in 28(87.5%) and iatrogenic gynecological (hysterectomy) in 04 (12.5%) patients. No major difficulty was experienced except in 01(0.83%) case in group-1 who had a previous failure history of repair. The mean operative time was 95 minutes (range 80 to 125 minutes) & 145 minutes (range 110 to 175 minutes) in group-1 and group-2 respectively. Peroperative blood transfusion was required in 06 (33.33%) and 13 (93%) patients of group-1 and group-II respectively. Statistically significant difference was found between these two groups (P< 0.05). Postoperative complications like wound infection occurred in 01(7.15%) of group- 1 and haematuria was present for few days in o4 (22.22%) and 05(35.5%) in group-1 and group-2 respectively. The mean hospital stay was 07 (range 5-10) days. Foleys catheter was removed at 02 week time in all cases. The success rate was achieved 15(83.33%) and in all 14 (100%) cases for group-1 and group-2 respectively and statistically no significant difference was found between two groups (P=NS). All the patients were followed up regularly except 03 (16.5%) and 05 (35.5%) patients of group-1 and group-II respectively. Long term complications like urinary stress incontinence was observed in 2 (11.1%) patients of group-I, where as small capacity bladder and stone formation was observed in 02(14.3%) of group-11 cases. Conclusions: Birth trauma is still a major cause of vesico vaginal fistula in our region. Although, there is no significant difference in outcome of different technique but interposition of tissue between suture lines have a vital role to achieve a high success rate. Further more, best chance of success achieved with first attempt of repair. Strategic approach and proper training of medical and paramedical staff is recommended.

scholarly journals Analysis of etiological factors for emergence of endometrial hyperplasia in perimenopause

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Aneta Sima ◽  
Anita Arsovska ◽  
Slagjana Simeonova-Krstevska ◽  
Ana Daneva-Markova ◽  
Drage Dabeski
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Endometrial Hyperplasia ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Etiological Factors ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible reasons for the emergence of endometrial hyperplasia in perimenopause. Material and methods: A total of 71 patients with irregular bleeding were analyzed, at the age of 40-50 years, who should have undergone diagnostic curettage. Depending on the histopathological findings, we divided them into 2 groups: group 1-findings for endometrial hyperplasia, group 2 - atrophic or endometrium with deficient secretory changes. Body mass index (BMI) was determined (obesity defined with BMI >30 kg/m2); we measured blood pressure (cut-off value was 135/90 mmHg), waist circumference (cut-off value was 88 cm) as well as data of anamnesis (age, physical activity, type of diet, smoking cigarettes). All these data were analyzed as etiological factors in the emergence of endometrial hyperplasia.Results: The mean age of patients was 47 years, and the results obtained were very similar in both examined groups. BMI and waist circumference were increased, more than 60% of patients had hypertension, but not all had a statistical significance. Most of them were with completed secondary education, and city living statistically significantly increases the risk of endometrial hyperplasia (p <0.05). As for the lifestyle (physical activity, caloric diet, smoking), the results have shown that a small number of patients are active, almost half of them consume caloric food and smoke, but without a statistical significance.Conclusion: Increased body weight and elevated blood pressure have a major impact on the onset and progression of pathological changes in the endometrium. As clinicians, we should always think of hyperplasia in obesity and patients with hypertension who are irregularly bleeding. At the same time, we should educate them to change the lifestyle in order to prevent gynecological and internistic morbidity.

scholarly journals Comparative study of efficacy and adverse effects of different doses of vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening 10-12 hours before diagnostic hysteroscopy

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 1065
Author(s):  
Taru Gupta ◽  
Syed Nawaz Ahmad ◽  
Sonu Kumari
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Cervical Ripening ◽  
Procedural Time ◽  
Diagnostic Hysteroscopy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Vaginal Misoprostol ◽  
Different Doses ◽  
Group 1

Background: Hysteroscopy first described by Panteleoni in 1869 has evolved into a standard procedure for the diagnosis and treatment of intrauterine pathologies such as polyps, fibroids, septae, adhesions, evaluation of abnormal uterine bleeding, evaluation and treatment of infertility, removal of an intrauterine device or foreign body. Present study was carried out to compare the efficacy and complications different doses of vaginal misoprostol for cervical ripening10-12 hours before diagnostic hysteroscopy.Methods: It was a prospective and interventional, double-blinded randomized comparative study. Sixty women, fulfilling the inclusion criteria, requiring diagnostic hysteroscopy for evaluation of infertility were enrolled. The study subjects randomly received either 200μg (group 1) or 400μg (group 2) of vaginal misoprostol 10-12 hours before hysteroscopy with equal number of subjects in both the groups. Hysteroscopy was performed with a standard rigid 6 mm and 300 hysteroscope. The largest dilator that could be inserted without resistance was recorded as the baseline cervical dilatation. The ease of dilatation was recorded on a 5 point LIKERT scale. Procedural time was measured as time taken from the beginning of cervical dilatation to the visualisation of the uterine cavity.Results: The mean base line cervical width in group 1 was 6.41±0.29 mm while in group 2 it was 6.43±0.21 mm (p=0.084). In group 1, 26.6% patients had very easy entry, 53.4% had easy entry while in group 2, 30% patients had very easy entry, 43.4% had easy entry. The mean procedural time 35.5±6.9 seconds in group 1 and 33.2±6.8 seconds in group 2 (p=0.212). Adverse effects like abdominal pain, vaginal bleeding, shivering and fever  were observed more often in group 2 compared to group 1(p=0.038).Conclusions: Two hundred microgram of vaginal misoprostol is safer and equally effective as 400 μg for cervical ripening when used 10-12 hours before diagnostic hysteroscopy.

scholarly journals Scanning Electron Microscopy Analysis of the Anterior Capsulotomy Edge: A Comparative Study between Femtosecond Laser-Assisted Capsulotomy and Manual Capsulorhexis

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Tognetto ◽  
Chiara De Giacinto ◽  
Alberto Armando Perrotta ◽  
Tommaso Candian ◽  
Alessandro Bova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Femtosecond Laser ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Surface Irregularity ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Cut Surface ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Group 1

Purpose. To compare the capsule edges ultrastructure obtained by two femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery (FLACS) platforms and manual continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis (CCC) using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Setting. Eye Clinic, University of Trieste, Italy. Design. Experimental comparative study. Methods. 150 anterior capsules were collected and divided into three groups as follows: Group 1 (50 capsules) obtained with manual CCC, Groups 2 and 3 (each with 50 capsules) obtained with the Catalys Laser and the LenSx Laser, respectively. All samples were imaged by means of SEM and regularity of the cut surface, and thickness of the capsule edge were evaluated and compared. Results. All femtosecond laser (FSL) capsules were perfectly circular, whereas some alteration of the circular shape was observed in the manual ones. Group 1 showed a smooth and regular capsule edge without any surface irregularity, conversely Groups 2 and 3 showed postage-stamp perforations on the capsule edge. The cut surface irregularity value in Group 2 was 1.4 ± 0.63, while it was 0.7 ± 0.49 in Group 3 (p<0.05). Group 1 had a significantly lower thickness of the capsule edge than the FSL groups (p<0.05). No statistically significant difference in the capsule edge thickness between the FSL groups was found (p=0.244). Conclusions. Despite the presence of slight cut surface irregularities, both FSL capsulotomies showed a better geometry and circularity than the manual ones. Capsulotomy specimens obtained using both FSL capsulotomies showed laser-induced alterations of the capsule edge when compared with smooth and regular edges obtained using manual CCC.

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