scholarly journals Distribution of Blood Groups in Medical Students: A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-46
Author(s):  
Bishal Joshi ◽  
Sanjit Kumar Kar ◽  
Shankar Yadav ◽  
Prem Kumar Yadav ◽  
Narayan Bahadur Mahotra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Fetal Life ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Slide Test ◽  
Group B

INTRODUCTION: Blood groups depend on antigens present on the surface of red blood cells. Scientists have discovered at least 30 common antigens and hundreds of rare antigens causing antigen-antibody reaction in human red blood cells. These antigens are genetically determined and are developed in fetal life and remain unchanged till death. Many blood group systems are identified but ABO and Rh blood groups are more antigenic. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In the present study, we observed ABO and Rh blood groups of 3057 students who studied in Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal from 1998 AD to 2019 AD, using open slide test method. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 20. RESULTS: Results  of the present study indicated that the most common blood group was O (36.8%)  followed by blood group B (31.1%) and blood group A (24.9%) and least common blood group was AB (7.2%) i.e. O>B>A>AB. The same sequence of ABO blood grouping was seen in both male and female.  Rh positive blood group was found in 95.4% and Rh negative blood group was found in 4.6% of population. CONCLUSION: Knowledge of distribution of blood group is very important for medical students as they can serve as immediate blood donor in emergency conditions. This study can provide insight to advanced studies in future which can relate blood groups with medical conditions.

scholarly journals THE ISOLATION OF AN O SPECIFIC SUBSTANCE FROM GASTRIC JUICE OF SECRETORS AND CARBOHYDRATE-LIKE SUBSTANCES FROM GASTRIC JUICE OF NON-SECRETORS

1941 ◽  
Vol 73 (5) ◽  
pp. 655-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ernest Witebsky ◽  
Niels C. Klendshoj
Keyword(s):  
B Cells ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Gastric Juice ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Carbohydrate Fraction ◽  
Specific Substance ◽  
Group B

1. The isolation of a group specific O substance from the gastric juice of human beings belonging to group O is described. Absorbed normal beef serum constitutes the anti-O reagent. 2. The O specific substance inhibits the agglutination of human red blood cells belonging to group O. The agglutination of A cells by the isoagglutinin anti-A, or B cells by the isoagglutinin anti-B, is not influenced by the O substance. 3. The A and B specific substances isolated from human gastric juices inhibit the agglutination of O cells by absorbed normal beef serum, frequently to about the same extent as does the O substance itself. 4. The carbohydrate fraction isolated from the gastric juice of non-secretors belonging to group B does not inhibit the agglutination of human red blood cells of group B by the isoagglutinin anti-B nor the agglutination of O cells by the anti-O reagent. The significance of these findings for the conception of the nature of the blood groups and their inheritance is discussed.

scholarly journals Spectrum of ABO and Rh blood group in Nepali medical students

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-66
Author(s):  
Bishal Joshi ◽  
Sanjit Kumar Kar ◽  
Laxmi Shrestha ◽  
Shankar Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Test Method ◽  
The Other ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Slide Test ◽  
Rh Blood Group

Background: ABO and Rh systems are most important types of blood group systems that should be taken into consideration during blood transfusion. Many studies have been done across the globe to determine the distribution of these blood groups among different strata of population. But there are very few studies done in Nepali population. Therefore, in this study we aimed to find out the distribution of blood groups among Nepali medical students and to compare it with the other studies done in Nepal and other countries of the World. Methods: This was a retrospective study, containing the data of ABO and Rh blood groups of medi­cal students recorded over a period of 21 years in Department of Physiology of Universal College of Medical Sciences, Bhairahawa, Nepal. The blood group was determined by open slide test method by using commercially available standard monoclonal antibody. Results: A total of 2031 Nepali medical students were included in the study. Among them 1147 were male and 884 were female. In the present study we found that the most common blood group was O (739, 36.4%) followed by B (624, 30.7%) and A (522, 25.7%) and least common blood group was AB (146, 7.2%). Among all participants 96.8% of the people were Rh positive and 3.2% were Rh negative. Conclusions: This study done in Nepali medical students can provide a new insight for the further study of distribution of blood groups in Nepali population. A study with high sample size, repre­senting every zones of Nepal is the demand of future.

scholarly journals AB0-incompatibility of mother and fetus: the role of anti-glycan alloantibodies in the hemolytic disease of newborns

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-34
Author(s):  
P. S. Obukhova ◽  
A. V. Kachanov ◽  
N. A. Pozdnyakova ◽  
M. M. Ziganshina
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Hemolytic Disease ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
Mother And Child ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Maternal Igg

The mother and fetus incompatibility due to Rh-factor, blood group or other blood factors can lead to hemolytic disease of the fetus and newborn (HDN). HDN is a clinical disease condition of the fetus and newborn as a result of hemolysis, when maternal IgG alloantibodies cross the placenta and destroy the red blood cells of the fetus and newborn. The child disease begins in utero and can dramatically increase immediately after birth. As a result, hyperbilirubinemia and anemia develop, that can lead to abortions, serious complications, or death of the neonates in the absence of proper therapy. The range of HDN has changed significantly now compared to previous decades. Half a century ago, HDN was considered an almost complete synonym of RhD-alloimmunization, and this was a frequent problem for newborns. By now due to the high effective of Rh-conflict prevention, immunological AB0-conflicts have become the most common cause of HDN. The review aimes to one of the main causes of jaundice and anemia in neonates at present, i.e. HDN due to immunological AB0-conflict of mother and newborn (AB0-HDN). The main participants of the AВ0- incompatibility mother and child are considered, namely A- and B-glycans, as well as the corresponding anti-glycan alloantibodies. Close attention is paid to the structure features of glycan alloantigens on the red blood cells of the fetus and adult. The possible correlation of the frequency and severity of HDN with the blood group of mother and child, as well as with the titer of maternal alloantibodies, has been considered. The influence of immunoglobulin G subclasses on the AB0-HDN development has been evaluated. In most cases, AB0-HDN appear when the mother has the blood group 0, and the fetus has the group A (subgroup A1) or the group B. Other rare incidences of AB0-incompatibility with severe course are occurred. As a whole the etiology of AB0-HDN is complex and the HDN severity is influenced by many factors. The authors have analyzed statistical data, as well as the prevalence of AB0-incompatibility and AB0-HDN in various regions of the world. Current approaches to the diagnosis of AB0-HDN are discussed in addition. By now the problems of AB0- HDN occurrence and developing of ways to overcome this disease remain relevant.

scholarly journals Distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups in Nepalese medical students: a report

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 156-158
Author(s):  
T. Pramanik ◽  
S. Pramanik
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Blood Group A ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group Distribution

The frequencies of ABO and rhesus blood groups vary from one population to another. We studied blood group distribution in 120 Nepalese students; 34% were blood group A, 29% group B, 4% group AB and 32.5% group O. The frequency of Rh-negative blood was 3.33% and Rh-positive 96.66%

Forssman expression on human erythrocytes: biochemical and genetic evidence of a new histo-blood group system

Blood ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 121 (8) ◽  
pp. 1459-1468 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lola Svensson ◽  
Annika K. Hult ◽  
Robert Stamps ◽  
Jonas Ångström ◽  
Susann Teneberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Blood Group ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Human Erythrocytes ◽  
Blood Group System ◽  
Group System ◽  
Glycolipid Antigen ◽  
Human Red Blood Cells ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Forssman Antigen

Key Points A new histo-blood group system was discovered, based on the identification of Forssman glycolipid antigen on human red blood cells. A newly described polymorphism in the GBGT1 gene activates the encoded enzyme to synthesize Forssman antigen.

scholarly journals Distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups in Nepalese medical students

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kshitiz Uphaday-Dhungel ◽  
GN Banskota ◽  
PK Das ◽  
A Sohal
Keyword(s):  
Blood Group ◽  
Distribution Patterns ◽  
Blood Groups ◽  
Test Method ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group Distribution ◽  
Medical Colleges

Background and Objectives: The distribution of ABO and Rh blood groups vary from population to population. With an interest of finding out rare blood group in Nepalese population, we studied the blood group distribution was studied in five different medical colleges in Nepal. Material and Methods: Capillary Blood sample were taken to determine blood group of of 2208 twenty two hundred and eight Nepalese students from five different medical colleges, viz. Manipal College of medical sciences, Pokhara; Nepalgunj Medical College, Chisapani, Banke ; College of Medical sciences, Bharatpur, Chitwan; Kist Medical College, Lalitpur and Janaki Medical College, Janakpur were recorded. Slide test method was used to determine the blood group of the subjects. Results: In our study subjects, 28.17% were blood group A, 30.17% were blood group B, 34.87% were blood group O and 6.79% were blood group AB. Similarly, 95.38% were Rh +ve and 4.62% were Rh –ve. The blood group distribution patterns in male and female were different. Conclusion: This result demonstrates that AB blood group is the most rare blood group among the studied Nepalese population, followed by group A, B and O. Janaki Medical College Journal of Medical Sciences (2013) Vol. 1 (2): 17-20 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jmcjms.v1i2.9263

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