scholarly journals An ultrasonographic evaluation of solitary muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 257-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
P Sharma ◽  
S Neupane ◽  
M Shrestha ◽  
R Dwivedi ◽  
K Paudel
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Striated Muscle ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Cysticercus Cellulosae ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

Background: Cysticercosis in humans is infection with the larval form (cysticercus cellulosae) of the pork tapeworm T. solium. Encystment of larvae can occur in almost any tissue. The location of cysts in order of frequency is the central nervous system, subcutaneous tissue and striated muscle, vitreous humour of the eye and, rarely, other tissues. High resolution ultrasound can be used in the diagnosis of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis. Objective: The aim of this study is to evaluate the ultrasonographic findings in cases of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis. Materials and methods: It was a retrospective review of the cases of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis which were diagnosed by ultrasound during June 2007 to May 2009 in the department of Radiology and Imaging, Nepalgunj Medical College Teaching Hospital. A total of six patients were evaluated. Result: There were four males and two females. Age of the patient ranged from 18 to 50 years. All of the patients presented with a swelling with pain in five of them. There was a wide variation in the location of the cysts. In all cases ultrasound revealed a cystic lesion with an echogenic eccentric pedunculated nodule attached to the wall. The mean diameter of the cyst was 6mm. Smooth wall was present in five cases whereas one of the cysts revealed irregular wall. Pericystic inflammatory changes were seen in the adjacent muscles. Conclusion: Ultrasound is a safe and non-invasive method that can be used in the diagnosis of muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis. Key words: Muscular and soft tissue cysticercosis; ultrasound. DOI: 10.3126/kumj.v8i2.3571 Kathmandu University Medical Journal (2010), Vol. 8, No. 2, Issue 30, 257-260

scholarly journals Trochanteric Femur Fractures: Application of Skeletal Traction during Surgery Does Not Alter Soft-Tissue Microcirculation

Medicina ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 884
Author(s):  
Kenneth P. van Knegsel ◽  
Bergita Ganse ◽  
Pascal C. Haefeli ◽  
Filippo Migliorini ◽  
Mario F. Scaglioni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Skeletal Traction ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Femur Fractures ◽  
Vasoactive Factors ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Haemoglobin Content

Background and Objectives: Wound infections provoked by alterations in microcirculation are major complications in the treatment of trochanteric femur fractures. Surgical fracture fixation on a traction table is the gold standard for treatment, but the effect on tissue microcirculation is unknown. Microcirculation could be impaired by the pull on the soft-tissue or by a release of vasoactive factors. We hypothesized that intraoperative traction impairs soft-tissue microcirculation. Materials and Methods: In 22 patients (14 women, eight men), average age 78 years (range 36–96 ± 14), with trochanteric femur fractures, non-invasive laser-Doppler spectrophotometry was used to assess oxygen saturation, hemoglobin content, and blood flow in the skin and subcutaneous tissue before and after application of traction. Measurements were recorded in nine locations around the greater trochanter at a depth of 2, 8, and 15 mm before and after fracture reduction by traction. Results: No differences were found in any depth with traction compared to without (oxygen saturation: p = 0.751, p = 0.308, and p = 0.955, haemoglobin content: p = 0.651, p = 0.928, and p = 0.926, blood flow: p = 0.829, p = 0.866, and p = 0.411). Conclusion: In this pilot study, the application of traction does not affect skin and subcutaneous microcirculation in the surgery of proximal femur fractures.

scholarly journals Cranial ultrasound in detection of neurological lesions in preterm neonates in a tertiary center in North Kerala, India

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 804 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kavya M. K. ◽  
Radhamani K. V. ◽  
Mahesh P.
Keyword(s):  
Gestational Age ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Radiology Department ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Cranial Ultrasound ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
Neurodevelopmental Abnormalities

Background: Incomplete formation and maturation of the central nervous system makes it extremely vulnerable to injury, in the case of premature neonates. This can result in a broad range of neurodevelopmental abnormalities. Cranial ultrasound is a sensitive tool for the early detection of these. Hence the present study was undertaken to assess the prevalence of neurosonological abnormality in preterm infants. The aims of the study were to identify and enumerate the neurosonographic features, to assess the severity of brain injuries by grading the neurosonographic findings and to correlate the clinical presentations with the neurosonographic findings.Methods: The present study was conducted in Department of Radiodiagnosis, Pariyaram Medical College. It consisted of all preterm neonates (less than 37 weeks of gestational age) referred to the Radiology department. The initial scan will be done as soon as possible (within 2 weeks of birth) followed by a repeat scan of the same infants at 36 weeks of corrected age, and at 8weeks post-partum.Results: A total of 100 neonates with gestational age varying from 29 to 37 weeks were studied, with the birth weight varying from 1.5 to 1.9 kg. The most common abnormality found on neurosonogram was germinal-matrix haemorrhage, followed by periventricular leukomalacia.Conclusions: Real time sonography is a sensitive non-invasive initial investigation for the detection of various brain lesions in the preterm neonates.

scholarly journals Synovial Fluid Analysis and Biopsy in Diagnosis of Joint Diseases

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Veena Singh ◽  
Hemalatha Ganapathy ◽  
J. Thanka
Keyword(s):  
Synovial Fluid ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cytological Analysis ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Synovial Fluid Analysis ◽  
Synovial Fluids ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Fluid Cytology

Worldwide, Arthritis is a communal clinical incidence of joints, and very predominant chronic disease in India. To evaluate to affect 1% of world’s adult population. Biopsies of Synovial fluid are being done as an adjuvant technique to assist in the diagnosis of arthritis. It offers a non-invasive method to diagnose any condition of the joint like traumatic, non-inflammatory/ inflammatory. Cytomorphological examination of Synovial fluids received   in   the   Department   of   Pathology, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai. To examine the   gross,   microscopic, biochemical and    microbiologic variations in   the   synovial fluid in percutaneous synovial biopsy along with synovial fluid analysis was studied in 102 enrolled cases of arthritis. The liquefied was subjected to physical, biochemical and cytological analysis. To correlate synovial fluid cytology with biopsies whenever possible to increase the accuracy   of diagnosis. Synovial fluid analysis plays an important role in categorizing various arthritis and thereby helps in arriving at a diagnosis early.

A Non-invasive Method of Cerebrospinal fluid collection from rats for assessing the Cerebrospinal fluid drug content

2021 ◽  
pp. 4085-4086
Author(s):  
Atulya. M. ◽  
Angel Alex ◽  
Jesil Mathew. A
Keyword(s):  
Cerebrospinal Fluid ◽  
Fluid Collection ◽  
Pharmacokinetic Studies ◽  
Fluid Sample ◽  
Cisterna Magna ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Sophisticated Equipment ◽  
Butterfly Needle ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
The Central Nervous System

The drug discovery and pharmacokinetic studies of drugs of the central nervous system depend on the successful collection of cerebrospinal fluid from lab animal models. Many a time, the treatment regime and management of diseases depends on the penetration and distribution of medicaments across the blood-brain barrier and for which a non-contaminated cerebrospinal fluid sample is essential. The present study was to simplify the cerebrospinal fluid collection from cisterna magna of rat, maximizing the quantity and minimizing the contamination. The rat is anaesthetized with Xylazine Ketamine combination intravenously and was kept on an inverted polypropylene tray with its head down at 45° angle. A depressible surface which look like a rhomb between occipital protuberances and the spine of the atlas becomes noticeable. A butterfly needle attached to a syringe was introduced into the cisterna magna, and cerebrospinal fluid is aspirated. The method is non-invasive and doesn’t require any sophisticated equipment and lessens the chance of contamination of the sample with blood. The technique is also less time consuming and easy to perform.

PET/CT metabolism of the bladder in infection and carcinogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-151
Author(s):  
A. A. Naletov ◽  
◽  
B. A. Berdichevsky ◽  
V. B. Berdichevsky ◽  
V. G. Novoselov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Wall ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
18F Fluorodeoxyglucose ◽  
Pet Ct ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
18F Fdg ◽  
Inflammatory Changes

The article discusses the results of publications by domestic and foreign authors for 2001-2020 devoted to PET/CT with 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) as an important non-invasive method for visualizing various neoplasms and inflammatory changes in the bladder wall.

scholarly journals Exfoliative cytology analysis from different sites of the body

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Sushana Maharjan ◽  
Sabin Ranabhat ◽  
Mamata Tiwari ◽  
Anita Bhandari ◽  
Bidur Prasad Osti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleural Fluid ◽  
Simple Procedure ◽  
Malignant Neoplasm ◽  
College Teaching ◽  
Pericardial Fluid ◽  
The Body ◽  
Exfoliative Cytology ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Non Invasive

Background: Cytological study of body fluids a non-invasive, simple procedure, relatively inexpensive, and helps in faster reporting that has high population acceptance. The present study aims to determine the proportion of malignant and non malignant lesions. Methods: A total of 1129 specimens of exfoliative cytology were examined during the period over five years from year January 2011 to December 2016 at Department of Pathology at Chitwan Medical College Teaching Hospital, Nepal. The fluid received was centrifuged at 3000 revolutions per minute for five minutes. Smears were made from the sediment. Two to three slides were air dried and stained with Giemsa stain. One slide was immediately fixed in 95% alcohol and stained with Papanicolaou (Pap) stain for cytological evaluation. Results: Pleural fluid was most common specimen (49.3%) with peritoneal fluid (32%), pericardial fluid (1%), BAL (7.8%), CSF (4%), sputum (3.4%), synovial fluid (2%) and urine (0.5%) specimens. Male to female ratio was 1.33:1. Maximum cases belonged to age group of 50-69 years. Only (5.8%) 67 cases were neoplastic. The maximum cases of malignant neoplasm were detected in pericardial fluid and pleural fluid, each 21 (1.8%) cases, and 20 (1.7%) cases BAL. Malignant effusions were detected in 46 (4%) cases. Maximum malignant cases were adenocarcinoma (71.6%), followed by squamous cell carcinoma (20.8%). Conclusion: Exfoliative cytology should be suggested in all cases of effusion and suspected malignancies which helps in reaching at a particular diagnosis and aids in further management.

scholarly journals Noninvasive evaluation of intracranial hypertension? Is there a gold standard?

2012 ◽  
Vol 31 (04) ◽  
pp. 224-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Christian Welling ◽  
Eberval Gadelha Figueiredo ◽  
Fábio Santana Machado ◽  
Almir Ferreira Andrade ◽  
Vinicius Monteiro Guirado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Intracranial Hypertension ◽  
Structural Damage ◽  
Ct Scanning ◽  
Noninvasive Evaluation ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

AbstractComputed tomography is essential in head injuried patients for the detection of structural damage to the brain. However, the ability of CT scanning to predict the presence or absence of intracranial hypertension has been debated in the literature. Since the optic nerve is part of the central nervous system and in case of raised pressure in the cerebrospinal fluid its sheath inflates. Based in this hypothesis the authors reviewed the role of the optic nerve sheat diameter in diagnosis intracranial hypertension after traumatic brain injury. This non-invasive method is useful to predict the risk of intracranial hypertension and select patients to ICP monitoring, especially in those with normal CT scans.

scholarly journals ANI scoring system – In differentiating alcoholic and non-alcoholic liver disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
Anitha G ◽  
Sivakumar J ◽  
Kalavathy Ponniraivan
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Biopsy ◽  
Alcoholic Liver Disease ◽  
Scoring System ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Invasive Method

Background: Alcoholic liver disease/non-alcoholic liver disease Index – ANI scoring system was constructed for clinically diagnosing the etiology of liver diseases, avoiding the risks of liver biopsy. Aims and Objectives: This study aims to test the reliability of ANI scoring system as a non-invasive method to distinguish alcoholic liver disease (ALD) from non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 177 (114 men and 58 women) treated as inpatients in Trichy SRM Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Trichy, in the period of December 1, 2015–August 1, 2016. About 40 patients with etiology of viral, autoimmune, and biliary lithiasis were excluded. A total of 137 patients (98 men and 39 women) were classified into two groups, ALD (70) and NAFLD (67) based on diagnosis. Parameters of ANI – AST, ALT, MCV, BMI, and sex were recorded. ANI was calculated by online calculator. Results: ANI was significantly higher in patients with ALD than NAFLD (P<0.01). The cutoff value of ANI is –0.11. Conclusion: On the basis of the results, ANI scoring system may be used in clinically distinguishing ALD from NAFLD, avoiding the risks of liver biopsy.

scholarly journals Lacrimal Sac Cysticercosis: A Rare Site for Manifestation

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Amita Raoot
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Subcutaneous Tissue ◽  
Taenia Solium ◽  
Vitreous Humor ◽  
Lacrimal Sac ◽  
Cysticercus Cellulosae ◽  
Rare Site ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The One

Cysticercosis, a parasitic tissue infestation caused by larval cysts (cysticercus cellulosae) of the pork tapeworm,Taenia solium, most commonly affects the central nervous system, subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscle, heart muscle, and the eye. Ocular adnexal infestation in cysticercosis can involve various sites within the eye like vitreous humor, subretinal tissue, extraocular muscle, and lacrimal gland. In this case report, a lump slightly below and medial to inner corner of eye, surgically removed from a 21-year-old male patient, was diagnosed as case of lacrimal sac cysticercosis on histopathological examination. To our knowledge, this is the one of rare sites for manifestation of cysticercus cellulosae.

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