scholarly journals Patterns and Outcomes of Cutaneous Adverse Drug Reactions in a Hospital Based Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Upama Paudel ◽  
S Parajuli ◽  
DB Pokhrel
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Drug Reactions ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
The Common ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Hospital Stay Duration

Introduction : Drug reactions are one of the common reasons for admission in the Dermatological beds. Data on the culprit drugs and patterns of reaction are very scarce in Nepal.Objective:To determine the patterns of drug reactions admitted in Tribhuwan University (TU) Teaching hospital, the causes of drug reactions, duration of hospital stay, duration of steroid use and the outcome of the treatment.Material and Methods: This was a retrospective study done in TU Teaching Hospital. The admissions and discharge record of admitted patients from 15th April 2008 to 14th April 2012 were analyzed for the variables mentioned above.Results: There were 61 new patients of drug reactions; however only files of 42 patients could be studied.The mean age of the patients was 32.26 ± 15.26 with male to female ratio of 1.8:1. Stevens Johnson’s syndrome (35.7%) was the commonest cause of admission followed by drug induced erythroderma (16.7%) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (11.9%). Carbamazepine, Phenytoin and allopurinol were the most common drugs for the reactions. The median time for the appearance of the lesions was 20.07 days. The median duration of hospital stay was 7 days. Steroids were used for initial treatment for around 4.9 ± 1.7 days. 83.3% of the patients improved while 11.9% succumbed despite optimal management.Conclusion: Severe drug reactions were the common reasons for admissions in our hospital. Anti-epileptics were the  leading cause for the reactions. Steroids were used for initial period and rapidly tapered off in short duration. Overall, the outcomes of the treatment were good.

scholarly journals Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Epidemiology of Knee and Shoulder Arthroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110560
Author(s):  
Krystian Kazubski ◽  
Łukasz Tomczyk ◽  
Piotr Morasiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Shoulder Arthroscopy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Orthopedic Patients ◽  
Male To Female

The purpose of our study was to comprehensively assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on knee and shoulder arthroscopy performed in an orthopedic department of a university hospital in Poland. This study compared the data on all shoulder and knee arthroscopy procedures performed in two different periods: The period of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland (from March 4, 2020, to October 15, 2020) and the corresponding period prior to the pandemic (March 4, 2019, to October 15, 2019). The study evaluated epidemiological data, demographic data, and hospital stay duration. The total number of arthroscopy procedures conducted in the evaluated period in 2020 was approximately 8.6% higher than that in the corresponding 2019 period. The mean duration of hospital stay for orthopedic patients after their knee or shoulder arthroscopy was 3.1 days in 2020 and 2.8 days in 2019. Our study revealed the mean age of arthroscopy patients during the pandemic to be lower at 48.4 years than the 51.2 years recorded in 2019. The male-to-female ratio was shown to be lower at .85 during the pandemic, having decreased from 1.5 in 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic did not reduce the number of arthroscopy performed at our center, and the mean age of the patients did not change. However, the pandemic had a marked effect on the mean duration of hospital stay and male-to-female ratio.

scholarly journals Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Epidemiology of Knee and Shoulder Arthroscopy Procedures in a University Hospital Department in Poland

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krystian Kazubski ◽  
Łukasz Tomczyk ◽  
Piotr Morasiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Shoulder Arthroscopy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Orthopedic Patients ◽  
Male To Female

Abstract Background: The purpose of our study was to comprehensively assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on knee and shoulder arthroscopies performed in an orthopedic department of a university hospital in Poland.Methods: This study compared the data on shoulder and knee arthroscopy procedures performed in two different periods: the period of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland (from March 4, 2020 to October 15, 2020) and the corresponding period prior to the pandemic (March 4, 2019–October 15, 2019). The study evaluated epidemiological data, demographic data, and hospital stay duration.Results: The total number of arthroscopy procedures conducted in the evaluated period in 2020was approximately 8.6% higher than that in the corresponding 2019 period.The mean duration of hospital stay for orthopedic patients after their knee or shoulder arthroscopy was 3.1 days in 2020 and 2.8 days in 2019. Our study revealed the mean age of arthroscopy patients during the pandemic to be lower at 48.4 years than the 51.2 years recorded in 2019.The male-to-female ratio was shown to be lower at 0.85 during the pandemic, having decreased from 1.5 in 2019Conclusions: The COVID-19 pandemic did not reduce the number of arthroscopies performed at our center and the mean age of the patients did not change. However, the pandemic had a marked effect on the mean duration of hospital stay and male-to-female ratio.

scholarly journals Pattern of Cancer in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 14-21
Author(s):  
Clifford Ikhuoria Owobu ◽  
Akhator Terence Azeke ◽  
Victor Valentine Ideiyenmin ◽  
Orume Enegbuya ◽  
Adaugo Chizoma Owobu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Cancer Registration ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Cancer Breast ◽  
Non Melanoma Skin Cancer ◽  
Organ Tissue ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
The Common ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Gender Specific

Aims: To reveal the pattern and trend of cancer in a predominantly rural population in Nigeria and compare the findings with those of earlier researches across the world. Study Design: A descriptive retrospective analysis of all cancer cases seen among surgical specimens in Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital. The cancer cases are classified according to the organ/tissue involved and the data obtained were analysed using SPSS (version 25). Place and Duration of Study: The Department of Anatomic Pathology, Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital, Nigeria; between January 2011 and December 2020. Results: A total of 9,058 histologic samples were reviewed out of which 1,474 (16.27%) were cancer cases. The yearly number of cancer cases increased from 85 in 2011, to 258 over the next 10-year study period. At variance with WHO 2020 GLOBOCAN worldwide estimates, the common cancer types seen in this study (both sexes combined) were prostate cancer, breast cancer, cervical cancer, colorectal cancer and non-melanoma skin cancer, in decreasing frequencies. The peak age of occurrence was the 7th decade while the mean age was 54.21 years, and the gender-specific mean ages for males and females were 59.92 years and 49.44 years respectively. The male to female ratio was 1:1.2 and males are more likely to be diagnosed of cancer approximately 10 years later than their female counterparts. Conclusion: Many of the findings in this study are similar to those of previous researches across the country. It is our hope that the findings in this study would contribute to national data and be found useful in efforts to build a more inclusive and robust national system of cancer registration.

scholarly journals Pattern of childhood malignant tumours in two tertiary teaching hospitals in Nigeria: Comparative study

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
UA Shehu ◽  
SA Adegoke ◽  
U Abdulsalam ◽  
M Ibrahim ◽  
OA Oyelami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Bone Tumours ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Hospital Unit ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Cancer is a public health problem worldwide affecting all categories of persons. It is the second common cause of death in developed countries and among the three leading causes of death in developing countries.Objective: To compare the patterns of malignant childhood tumours intwo tertiary hospitals in the north- Western and South western Nigeria.Methods: Retrospective studies of childhood malignancies diagnosedat Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Kano and Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC) (Ife Hospital Unit, Ile-Ife and Wesley Guild Hospital Unit, Ilesa, Osun state) were undertaken from January, 2001 to December, 2010. The patterns of childhood cancers inthese hospitals were compared.Results: Four hundred and ten children aged 7 months to 15 years were admitted at AKTH with malignancies of which 236 were males and 174 females with male to female ratio of 1.4:1. At OAUTHC, 568 children aged two months to 15 years were admitted with malignancies over the ten year period. There were 401 males and 167 females, with male to female ratio of 2.4:1. Lymphomas were the commonest type of malignancy in both centers, which accounted for 47.3% and 59.7% at AKTH and OAUTHCrespectively. Retinoblastoma was the second commonest tumour atAKTH constituting 14.9% of all malignancies followed by nephroblastomaand acute leukemias. In contrast, acute leukemias were the second commonest malignancy at OAUTHC accounting for 12.7% of all malignancies followed by retinoblastoma and nephroblastoma. Tumoursof central nervous system were observed to be commoner at AKTH, while bone tumours were commoner at OAUTHC.Conclusion: The pattern of childhood cancer varies rather little betweendifferent regions in Nigeria, with malignant lymphomas being the most common as is the case in most developing countries. However, the findings in this study suggest that there is variation in prevalence of leukemia, CNS and bone tumours in northern and southern Nigeria.Key words: Childhood, malignant tumours, pattern, teaching hospitals,Nigeria

scholarly journals Correlation of D-Dimer level with outcome in traumatic brain injury

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-30
Author(s):  
Pradip Prasad Subedi ◽  
Sushil Krishna Shilpakar
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Glasgow Outcome Scale ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Icu Stay ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Hospital Stay Duration ◽  
D Dimer

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a common neurosurgical emergency and a common public health problem with high mortality and long term morbidity. The cost incurred by TBI is immense. The major determinant of outcome following TBI is the severity of the primary injury. However, secondary injuries including coagulopathy are treatable prognostic factors. Many studies have revealed that coagulopathy of trauma depicted by increasing level of D-dimer is associated with poor prognosis in TBI. So, early dectection and correction of such abnormality is very important in management of TBI.Methods: This is a prospective observational study conducted at Department of Surgery TUTH (Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital), Kathmandu,Nepal over a period of one year. One hundred and forty eight patients of TBI were included in the study. Clinical profile of the patients and D-dimer level were monitored during the hospital course. D-dimer level was correlated with outcome variables including duration of hospital stay, duration of Intensive care unit (ICU) stay and Glasgow outcome scale (GOS).Results: A total of 194 patients were admitted with the diagnosis of traumatic brain injury during the study period and out of them 148 patients were enrolled for the study. Out of 148 patients one hundred and twenty (81.1%) were males and twenty eight (18.9%) were females. The mean age was 29.71±18.07 and the age ranged from 1 to 78 years. Seventy (47.3%) patient were between 21 to 40 years of age. The mean duration of hospital stay was 9.83±13.58 days and the mean duration of ICU stay was 3.78±7.06 days. Contusion was the most common lesion in our patients. Of the patients studied 111 patients (75%)  had good recovery with GOS of 5, 9  patients (6.1%)  had GOS of 4, 6 patients (4.1%)  had GOS of 3, 1 patients (0.7%)  had GOS of 2 and 21 patients (14.1%)  had GOS of 1. Normal D-dimer was seen in 102 patients (68.9%) and elevated D-dimer in 46 patients (31.1%). Man –Whitney test shows higher D-dimer levels positively correlated with duration of hospital stay, duration of ICU stay and Glasgow Outcome Scale. Pearson chi-square test revealed higher levels of D-dimer correlated with grade of injury but not with mode of injury.Conclusion: D-dimer is elevated in significant proportion of patients with TBI and abnormal D-dimer level is associated with poor outcome in TBI.Journal of Society of Surgeons of Nepal Vol.17(1) 2014: 21-30

The Histopathologic Patterns of Intracranial Neoplasms in the Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria: A 10-Year Retrospective Study, January 2008 to December 2017

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S120-S121
Author(s):  
Kasiemobi Uchime ◽  
Luqman Adebayo ◽  
Charles Anunobi
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Pituitary Adenomas ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Geographical Differences ◽  
Intracranial Neoplasms ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Intracranial Neoplasm ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Age And Sex

Abstract Objectives Intracranial neoplasms have distinct diagnostic histologic features and some are common in certain gender and age groups. The most common intracranial neoplasm worldwide is meningioma, followed by gliomas, most especially astrocytic tumors, and then pituitary adenomas. There are geographical differences in the pattern of occurrence of intracranial neoplasms. Few studies have been done in Nigeria to demonstrate the pattern of occurrence, age, and sex distributions of these neoplasms. The aim for this study is to establish the pattern of occurrence with age and sex distribution of different histologic types of intracranial neoplasm in our environment. This study may help portray the health burden of these tumors and aid in epidemiological studies. Methods A total of 296 patients (165 females, 131 males) diagnosed with intracranial neoplasms between January 2008 and December 2017 at Lagos University Teaching Hospital (LUTH), Idi-Araba, Lagos, Nigeria, were retrospectively analyzed. Patients’ data were retrieved from the archives of the Department of Anatomic and Molecular Pathology, LUTH, Idi-Araba, Lagos. Histologic patterns with age and gender distribution were noted. The data obtained were analyzed with SPSS version 23. Results Majority of the patients diagnosed with intracranial neoplasm were between 41 and 50 years of age. The most frequently diagnosed intracranial neoplasm at LUTH within the study period was meningioma (105 cases, median age of 42 years, male to female ratio of 3:7), followed by pituitary adenoma (78 cases, median age of 47 years, male to female ratio of 3:2), and then gliomas (66 case), most especially the astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors (median age of 37 years, male to female ratio of 2:3). Conclusion The result of the study shows that the pattern of occurrence of primary intracranial neoplasms in our environment is different from that in Caucasians, with meningiomas being the most common, followed by pituitary adenomas and then gliomas.

scholarly journals Characteristics of predominantly right-sided colonic diverticulitis without need for colectomy

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Chen ◽  
Bing Zhang ◽  
Dan Wu ◽  
Ye Jin
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Recurrence Rate ◽  
Sigmoid Diverticulitis ◽  
Colonic Diverticulitis ◽  
Abdominal Drainage ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Uncomplicated Diverticulitis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Acute Colonic Diverticulitis

Abstract Background: In China, diverticulitis is more often located in the right colon, mainly in the cecum and ascending colon. Here we study the characteristics of acute colonic diverticulitis and compare various treatments for acute right-sided colonic diverticulitis.Methods: A retrospective analysis of 123 patients with acute colonic diverticulitis treated in our hospital from April 2013 to April 2020, including 114 cases of right-sided colonic diverticulitis, was performed. The characteristics of acute colonic diverticulitis were analyzed, and the therapeutic effects of different treatments for acute right-sided colonic diverticulitis were compared.Results: 111 cases of caecal and ascending colonic diverticulitis were identified (90.2% of cases, male to female ratio 2.26:1, average age 39.6 ± 14.4 years, surgery ratio 24.3%, mean hospital stay 7.4 ± 4.3 days, recurrence rate 3.6%). Three cases of transverse colonic diverticulitis and three cases of descending colonic diverticulitis were found. Six cases of Sigmoid diverticulitis (4.9% of cases, male to female ratio 1:1, average age 67.7 ± 4.5 years, surgery ratio 33.3%, mean hospital stay 11.7 ± 5.5 days, recurrence rate 0%) were found. 13 patients underwent right-sided colonic diverticulitis resection and repair, while zero patients underwent colectomy. Abdominal drainage was performed in 15 patients with right-sided colonic diverticulitis. There was no significant difference in the length of hospital stay among the three treatments for right-sided colonic diverticulitis (P = 0.05). There was no significant difference in the recurrence rate among the three treatments of right-sided colonic diverticulitis ( P = 0.358). While the recurrence rate of right-sided colonic diverticulitis was only 3.5%, relapse usually occurred within the first year following treatment.Conclusions: In our patients, right-sided colonic diverticulitis is more common in young and middle-aged patients than in elderly patients and we see a higher incidence in males. Acute right-sided complex diverticulitis is rare. While non-surgical treatment is preferred for acute right-sided uncomplicated diverticulitis, no significant difference in outcome was observed between the three different treatments we compared. Resection and repair of diverticulum or abdominal drainage can also be used to treat patients with acute uncomplicated diverticulitis.

scholarly journals The Traditionally Amputated Uvula amongst Nigerians: Still an Ongoing Practice

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adeyi A. Adoga ◽  
Tonga L. Nimkur
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Admission ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Prospective Study ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
University Teaching ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Throat Pain ◽  
Outpatient Unit ◽  
Male To Female

Traditional healers in Nigeria continue to perform uvulectomy for all throat problems despite the severe complications they present to physicians. It is a hospital-based prospective study done at the outpatient unit of the Department of Otolaryngology, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria to determine the prevalence of traditional uvulectomy, highlighting the dangers it portends with suggested ways of providing improved health outcomes for our people. We saw 517 new cases of which 165 (32%) patients aged 2 years to 53 years had their uvulae amputated consisting of 108 (65.5%) males and 57 (34.5%) females giving a male to female ratio of 2 : 1. One hundred and forty two (86.1%) patients had uvulectomy at childhood and 23 (13.9%) in adulthood. The commonest indication was throat pain (, 21.8%). The commonest complication was hemorrhage (, 17.6%). Forty six (27.9%) patients required hospital admission.

scholarly journals Acquired heart diseases in children in Gadarif pediatrics teaching hospital, Gadarif state, Eastern Sudan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Samia O. Massaad ◽  
Mohammed Ahmed A. Ahmed ◽  
Afra M. Mustafa ◽  
Sami Eldirdiri Elgaili Salah ◽  
Saeed M. Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Valvular Lesion ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Rheumatic Heart ◽  
Eastern Sudan

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acquired heart diseases (AHD) are heterogeneous diseases including rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and other affecting the heart and blood vessels after birth but usually appear clinically after 5 years of age. AHD considered as major cause of   morbidity and mortality. The present study was designed to document the spectrum, the affected age and clinical characteristics of AHDs in children of Gadarif state, eastern Sudan.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: This was a descriptive cross section study conducted in Gadarif pediatrics teaching hospital in period from June to Dec 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 46 children from Gadarif pediatrics teaching hospital with confirmed AHD were enrolled in this study. The females were 27 (58.7%), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.4:1. The mean age was 10.6±3.9 years (age’s ≤16 years old); the most common affected age group was 10-14 years accounted 18 (39.1) cases. RHD was the commonest AHD found in 38 (82.6%) patients, the commonest valvular lesion was mitral regurgitation 31 (73.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RHD was the most common AHD in the children in the present study, there is need to improve the scope of intervention facilities in the Sudan particularly in rural areas to prevent the growing and spread of these diseases.</p>

scholarly journals Outcome improvement in cerebral ventriculitis after ventricular irrigation: a prospective controlled study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 682-690
Author(s):  
Ahmed Al Menabbawy ◽  
Ehab El Refaee ◽  
Mohamed A. R. Soliman ◽  
Mohamed A. Elborady ◽  
Mohamed A. Katri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Conventional Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Csf Shunt ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
Cerebral Ventriculitis ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Prospective Controlled Study ◽  
Hospital Stay Duration

OBJECTIVECerebral ventriculitis remains one of the most challenging neurosurgical conditions, with poor outcome and a long course of treatment and duration of hospital stay. Despite the current conventional management plans, i.e., using antibiotics in addition to CSF drainage, the outcome remains unsatisfactory in some cases, with no definitive therapeutic guidelines. This study aims to compare the outcome of ventricular irrigation/lavage (endoscopic irrigation or the double-drain technique) to conventional currently accepted therapy using just drainage and antibiotics.METHODSThe authors conducted a prospective controlled study in 33 patients with cerebral ventriculitis in which most of the cases were complications of CSF shunt operations. Patients were divided into two groups. Removal of the ventricular catheter whenever present was performed in both groups. The first group was managed by ventricular lavage/irrigation, while the other group was managed using conventional therapy by inserting an external ventricular drain. Both systemic and intraventricular antibiotics were used in both groups. The outcomes were compared regarding mortality rate, modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score, and duration of hospital stay.RESULTSThe mean age of the study population was 5.98 ± 7.02 years. The mean follow-up duration was 7.6 ± 3.2 months in the conventional group and 5.7 ± 3.4 months in the lavage group. The mortality rate was 25% (4/16) in the lavage group and 52.9% (9/17) in the nonlavage group (p = 0.1). The mRS score was less than 3 (good outcome) in 68.8% (11/16) of the lavage group cases and in 23.5% (4/17) of the conventional group (p < 0.05). The mean hospital stay duration was 20.5 ± 14.2 days in the lavage group, whereas it was 39.7 ± 16.9 days in the conventional group (p < 0.05).CONCLUSIONSVentricular lavage or irrigation together with antibiotics is useful in the management of cerebral ventriculitis and associated with a better outcome and shorter hospital stay duration compared to current conventional lines of treatment.

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