scholarly journals Acquired heart diseases in children in Gadarif pediatrics teaching hospital, Gadarif state, Eastern Sudan

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Samia O. Massaad ◽  
Mohammed Ahmed A. Ahmed ◽  
Afra M. Mustafa ◽  
Sami Eldirdiri Elgaili Salah ◽  
Saeed M. Omar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Valvular Lesion ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Rheumatic Heart ◽  
Eastern Sudan

<p><strong>Background: </strong>Acquired heart diseases (AHD) are heterogeneous diseases including rheumatic heart disease (RHD) and other affecting the heart and blood vessels after birth but usually appear clinically after 5 years of age. AHD considered as major cause of   morbidity and mortality. The present study was designed to document the spectrum, the affected age and clinical characteristics of AHDs in children of Gadarif state, eastern Sudan.</p><p><strong>Methods</strong>: This was a descriptive cross section study conducted in Gadarif pediatrics teaching hospital in period from June to Dec 2019.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 46 children from Gadarif pediatrics teaching hospital with confirmed AHD were enrolled in this study. The females were 27 (58.7%), with a male-to-female ratio of 1.4:1. The mean age was 10.6±3.9 years (age’s ≤16 years old); the most common affected age group was 10-14 years accounted 18 (39.1) cases. RHD was the commonest AHD found in 38 (82.6%) patients, the commonest valvular lesion was mitral regurgitation 31 (73.9%).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>RHD was the most common AHD in the children in the present study, there is need to improve the scope of intervention facilities in the Sudan particularly in rural areas to prevent the growing and spread of these diseases.</p>

Autopsy findings of suicidal hanging in Mugla, Turkey

2021 ◽  
pp. 002580242110495
Author(s):  
Yasemin Balcı ◽  
Ümit Ünüvar Göçeoğlu ◽  
M. Elçin Kıymet ◽  
Çetin Seçkin
Keyword(s):  
Regional Differences ◽  
Soft Materials ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Tongue Protrusion ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Autopsy Findings ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Macroscopic Examination

Introduction: External and internal autopsy findings of suicidal hanging were evaluated retrospectively in Muğla, Turkey. The relations between macroscopic autopsy findings and age, gender, nature of the ligature, position of the knot, and the ligature marks were assessed. The aim of this study was to describe autopsy findings of the hangings and discuss the regional differences. Method: The reports of 175 hanging autopsies between 2013 to 2018 were evaluated retrospectively. Macroscopic external and internal findings were evaluated and compared statistically. Results: Among the 2534 autopsies, the cause of death was suicide by hanging in 175 cases (6.9%). The male-to-female ratio was 3:1, 76%(n = 133) of the cases were male, 24% (n = 42) were female, the mean age was 44.9(SD = 19.3) years. Suicide by hanging was most prevalent in the 25–44 age group and among men. Complete hanging was more common than incomplete hanging, and softer materials were more commonly used in incomplete hangings. Females utilized soft materials more than males. Males used atypical hanging more than females. Bilateral hemorrhage in the neck muscles was more common with typical hanging. There was a significant relationship between tongue protrusion and hemorrhage at the clavicular head of sternocleidomastoid muscle. Conclusion: In this study, which includes a large series, some regional and gender differences were observed. Careful and detailed macroscopic examination was important to diagnose antemortem vitality findings.

scholarly journals Acquired Ano Rectal Conditions (AARC) in Children Seen at Gezira National Center for Pediatric Surgery (GNCPS-Sudan), Epidemiology, Management, and Outcome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid yousif khalid Abu aagla ◽  
Faisal A Nugud ◽  
Ahmed A Abdalla
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Prolapse ◽  
Complication Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Rectal Polyps ◽  
Period Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female

The study's main objective is to determine the epidemiology, treatment, and outcome of the acquired anorectal conditions seen at the GNCPS. This study was a retrospective and prospective descriptive hospital-based study involving (131) child with Acquired anorectal conditions (AARC) who presented to GNCPS during the two-year study period. Data regarding the presentation, management, and post-operative course to look after complications and outcomes were collected. Data were collected using a formulated questionnaire and analyzed using (SPSS 17). Data considered statistically significant when P-value is less than 0.05. The study involved a total number of 131 children with AACS. The mean age of presentation is (5.78 years) with an overall 1.4:1 male to female ratio. Most of the study subjects are from rural areas, 66.4 percent. Most of them treated surgically, 83.2 percent, and 16.8 percent medically, with an overall complication rate of 24.4 percent. Conclusion Acquired Ano Rectal Conditions commonly seen at the preschooler age, mean (5.78 years). Rectal polyps and rectal prolapse were among the most frequently seen acquired anorectal conditions in children. Most of the cases treated surgically with an overall complication rate of 24.4 percent.

scholarly journals A study of association of H. pylori infection and cholelithiasis

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 701
Author(s):  
Virendra S. Athavale ◽  
Shivmurti N. Khandalkar ◽  
Prachi C. Bhide ◽  
Iresh Shetty ◽  
Aditya Lad
Keyword(s):  
Positive Association ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male Predominance ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The Mean ◽  
H Pylori ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Aims and objective of the study was to study the association of H. Pylori infection and cholelithiasis.Methods: The study was conducted at Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and Hospital, DPU University, for a period of 2 years and is a descriptive cross-sectional type of study using 100 patients.Results: In this study 26 % of total patients were seen in the age group of 21-30 years. The mean age of the patients was 26 years. 78 patients in present study were male (78%) and only 22 were females (22%) male predominance was seen. male to female ratio is 3.5:1. 18 % patients show association with cholelithiasis and 84 patients were detected positive by RUT method.Conclusions: H. pylori infection has a positive association with cholelithiasis and if eradicated, may lead to prevention of gallstones.

scholarly journals PREVALENCE OF EXHUMATION IN DISTRICT FAISALABAD;

2018 ◽  
Vol 25 (08) ◽  
pp. 1277-1282
Author(s):  
Shirza Nadeem ◽  
Humera Parveen ◽  
Almas Fatima Awan
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Study Design ◽  
Forensic Medicine ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Legal Procedure ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Male To Female

Exhumation is a procedure conducted by authorities in which a body or its remainsare retrieved from the ground or wherever they were buried either lawfully or in an illegal manner.Exhumation is considered a legal procedure which is carried out when foul play is suspectedafter death and it is necessary to find out the cause of death. Objectives: To determine theprevalence of exhumation in District Faisalabad along with identifying the factors hamperingthe results to establish cause of death. Study Design: Descriptive, observational, retrospectivestudy. Setting: Department of Forensic Medicine & Toxicology, Faisalabad Medical University,Faisalabad. Period: Six years from January 2011 to December 2016. Methods: The data ofexhumations conducted in the Faisalabad district, was collected on a study proforma with thepermission of relevant authorities. Results: Total 87 cases of exhumation were studied with afrequency of 14.5 exhumations per year. Male to female ratio of 2:0.9 was found with 69% malesand 31% females. 78.16% cases belong to rural areas and 18.39% cases are from urban areas.Commonest age group was 20-29 year with (27.5%) cases. Cause of death was determinedonly in 18.39 % cases. In majority of cases (44.82%) time lapse between death & exhumationwas 1-3 months. Allegations made for conduction of exhumation was poisoning in majorityof cases (35.63%). Conclusion: Time lapse between burial & exhumation, advance stage ofputrefaction, improper allegations &lack of proper documentation leads to failure in achievingthe objective of exhumation.

scholarly journals Anthropometric assessment in children with congenital heart disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Begam Rubia ◽  
Anjali Kher
Keyword(s):  
Congenital Heart ◽  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Nutritional Therapy ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Dietary History ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Anthropometric Assessment ◽  
Control Study

Background: Congenital Heart Diseases (CHD) are often associated with malnutrition with prevalence of 64%. Malnutrition in CHD increases morbidity and mortality in these children and hence it is essential to assess the nutritional status of the children with CHD so that proper nutritional therapy and rehabilitation can be done.Methods: In this case control study 126 cases of un operated CHD in the age group of >28 days to 10 years and 126 age and gender matched controls without CHD were studied during a period of 2 year. Informed consent from the parents was obtained and they were interviewed using pre-validated proforma and relevant clinical examination, detailed anthropometric assessment was done of all cases and control.Results: Male to female ratio was 0.9:1. Maximum cases were in age group of 1 to 5 years. Acyanotic CHD was seen in 80.16% and cyanotic CHD was seen in 19.84%. Stunting was seen in 58.72% cases and in 41.26% of controls. 82.53% of cases and 24.6% of controls were underweight. Conclusions: The prevalence of acyanotic CHD was more common than cyanotic CHD. In acyanotic CHD cases VSD was commonest and in cyanotic CHD cases TOF was the commonest lesion. The overall prevalence of underweight and stunting was high in cases than controls. In acyanotic CHD underweight and stunting was high than cyanotic CHD. In this study malnutrition correlated significantly with congestive heart failure, low hemoglobin level, poor dietary history and pulmonary hypertension and this was statistically highly significant.

scholarly journals Role of Multi Detector Computed Tomography Cervicocerebral Angiography in Evaluation of Patients with Stroke

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-99
Author(s):  
Balaji Varaprasad Mallula ◽  
Jithender Reddy Chintala ◽  
Srinadh Boppanna ◽  
S. Annapurna
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Hemorrhagic Stroke ◽  
Accurate Diagnosis ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The World ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Multi Detector Computed Tomography

Background: Stroke is the second single most common cause of death in the world causing approximately 6.7 million deaths each year. It has a greater disability impact on an individual than any other chronic disease. The aim of the study is to review the value of CTA in detection and evaluation of non-traumatic cervicocerebral vascular disease (stroke). Subjects & Methods: A prospective observational study conducted in the Department of Radiodiagnosis, Kamineni Hospitals, L.B. Nagar, Hyderabad over 60 patients during April 2016 to May 2017. Results: Out of 60 patients, 35(58.3%) patients had ischemic stroke, 25(41.6%) had hemorrhagic stroke. Overall stroke was seen mostly in the age group of 61-70 (28.3%) years, with a Male to female ratio of 3:2. Conclusion: Hypertension was the most common risk factor associated with this disease, followed by diabetes. CTA helps in accurate diagnosis, risk stratification and planning management protocols.

scholarly journals Accidental childhood poisoning in Paediatrics department of a tertiary care facility: A retrospective review

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Obu ◽  
M.C. Orji ◽  
U.V. Muoneke ◽  
U.V. Asiegbu ◽  
G.O. Ezegbe
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Accidental Poisoning ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tertiary Care Facility ◽  
Childhood Poisoning ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Accidental childhood poisoning is a recognized preventable cause of morbidity and mortality among children worldwide. This studywas aimed at determining the prevalence, pattern, and outcome of childhood poisoning among children in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State. Material and Methods: Medical records of all cases of accidental childhood poisoning admitted into Children’s emergency room (CHER) of the health facility of study between January 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectively identified and relevant data extracted and analyzed usingSPSS version 22. Results: Out of the 7,700 children that presented to CHER over a 5- year period, 42 were cases of poisoning, giving prevalence rate of 0.5%. Of the 42 cases, only 20 case notes were retrieved. The male to female ratio was 2.3:1 while the ages ranged between 6months and 14 years with the mean age of 3.06±2.88. Kerosene poisoning had the highest proportion of 50.0% (10/20) with the overall mortality rate of 5.0% (1/20).The relationship between age, place of residence and outcome in poisoned children was statistically significant (p = 0.038, 0.045 respectively). Conclusion: Accidental childhood poisoning is common in Abakaliki. Kerosene still remained the major agent while male toddlers were most  vulnerable. There is need to intensify enlightenment campaigns and education of the public about the hazard of improper storage of kerosene and other implicated substances at home. Keywords: Accidental poisoning, Childhood, Kerosene

scholarly journals Pattern of childhood malignant tumours in two tertiary teaching hospitals in Nigeria: Comparative study

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 175-178
Author(s):  
UA Shehu ◽  
SA Adegoke ◽  
U Abdulsalam ◽  
M Ibrahim ◽  
OA Oyelami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Bone Tumours ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Malignant Tumours ◽  
Acute Leukemias ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Hospital Unit ◽  
Tertiary Teaching ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Cancer is a public health problem worldwide affecting all categories of persons. It is the second common cause of death in developed countries and among the three leading causes of death in developing countries.Objective: To compare the patterns of malignant childhood tumours intwo tertiary hospitals in the north- Western and South western Nigeria.Methods: Retrospective studies of childhood malignancies diagnosedat Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital (AKTH), Kano and Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex (OAUTHC) (Ife Hospital Unit, Ile-Ife and Wesley Guild Hospital Unit, Ilesa, Osun state) were undertaken from January, 2001 to December, 2010. The patterns of childhood cancers inthese hospitals were compared.Results: Four hundred and ten children aged 7 months to 15 years were admitted at AKTH with malignancies of which 236 were males and 174 females with male to female ratio of 1.4:1. At OAUTHC, 568 children aged two months to 15 years were admitted with malignancies over the ten year period. There were 401 males and 167 females, with male to female ratio of 2.4:1. Lymphomas were the commonest type of malignancy in both centers, which accounted for 47.3% and 59.7% at AKTH and OAUTHCrespectively. Retinoblastoma was the second commonest tumour atAKTH constituting 14.9% of all malignancies followed by nephroblastomaand acute leukemias. In contrast, acute leukemias were the second commonest malignancy at OAUTHC accounting for 12.7% of all malignancies followed by retinoblastoma and nephroblastoma. Tumoursof central nervous system were observed to be commoner at AKTH, while bone tumours were commoner at OAUTHC.Conclusion: The pattern of childhood cancer varies rather little betweendifferent regions in Nigeria, with malignant lymphomas being the most common as is the case in most developing countries. However, the findings in this study suggest that there is variation in prevalence of leukemia, CNS and bone tumours in northern and southern Nigeria.Key words: Childhood, malignant tumours, pattern, teaching hospitals,Nigeria

scholarly journals Ascitic Fluid Cytology Seen in a Tertiary Hospital in Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 345-350
Author(s):  
CC Nwafor ◽  
K Obioha ◽  
TO Akhiwu
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Patient Care ◽  
Ascitic Fluid ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Malignant Cells ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Fluid Cytology

Ascites is a symptom that can originate due to diverse pathologies. A lot of investigations including ascitic fluid cytology (AFC) can be done on it to help determine its origin. The aim of this study, is to document the findings and highlight the importance of AFC in patient care in Uyo. All AFC reports and slides in the Department of Histopathology, University of Uyo were retrieved, reviewed and used for this study. The age ranged from 1.5 – 80 years with mean age, 41.79 (±17.23) years. About 71.8% of the ascitic fluid (AF) specimens were from patients between the 3rd and 6th decade. Females predominated in all age groups expect 10-19 year's group, with a male to female sex ratio of 1:2.4. Malignant cells were seen in 28.7% of all the samples, while 51.2% were negative for malignant cells. Malignant cells were seen in 4 (6.7%), 11 (18.3%) and 6 (10%) of the AFC performed due to various liver pathologies, ovarian malignancies and intra-abdominal malignancies respectively. Malignant cells were found more in females with a male to female ratio of 1: 3.6. Age group 40-49 years accounted for most of the malignant cases (26.6%). The pattern of AFC in Uyo is similar to the pattern in other parts of Nigeria

scholarly journals Mean Levels of B-type Natriuretic Peptide (BNP) in Patients with Mitral Stenosis Caused by Rheumatic Heart Disease

2021 ◽  
pp. 96-102
Author(s):  
Altaf Hussain ◽  
Faraz Farooq Memon ◽  
Iftikhar Ahmed ◽  
Syed Ahsan Raza ◽  
Lajpat Rai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Disease ◽  
Rheumatic Heart Disease ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Mitral Stenosis ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Severe Intensity ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Valvular Lesion ◽  
Rheumatic Heart ◽  
Valve Area

Objective: Mitral stenosis caused by rheumatic heart disease (RHD) is the most common cause of valvular lesion in adults and prevalent in developing countries like Pakistan. Higher natriuretic peptide (BNP) levels can be observed in patients with moderate to severe untreated mitral stenosis and are associated with higher rates of morbidity and mortality. That is why this study aims to determine the association between levels of pro-BNP with severity (mild. Moderate, and severe) of mitral stenosis. Patients and Methods: This was a clinical prospective study carried out in the department of adult cardiology, national institute of cardiovascular diseases, Karachi from 8th august 2019 to 7th February 2020. Total 68 patients of either gender with age between 25-70 years had mitral stenosis of moderate to severe intensity (mitral valve area ≤1.5 cm2), diagnosed on echocardiography were included for final analysis. A simple blood sample was taken for the assessment of pro-BNP levels. Questionnaire was used for demographic & clinical data collection and analysed using SPSS version 22.0. Results: The overall mean age of study subjects was 42.21±11.50 years, ranging from 25 – 70 years. Among them, females were prevalent (n = 43, 63.2%). The overall mean serum BNP level was 1071.12±807.26 pg/ml and the mean difference of serum BNP level was not significant among groups of gender, age, and diabetes mellitus with p>0.05. Significantly raised levels of BNP were observed in patients with severe mitral stenosis as compared to moderate mitral stenosis, p<0.05 Conclusion: In conclusion, the mean BNP levels were higher in patients with severe Mitral Stenosis. Therefore, BNP may be used to complement the clinical and echocardiographic assessments in patients with Mitral Stenosis.

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