scholarly journals Vegetation Composition and Biomass Production in Community Forest in Sikre VDC adjoining Shivapuri National Park, Kathmandu

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 133-138
Author(s):  
Sudip Pandey ◽  
Siddhartha Bajra Bajracharya
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Eupatorium Adenophorum ◽  
Castanopsis Indica

The present study describes the structural and floral composition of the vegetation of Sikre Village Development Committee (VDC) at Shivapuri National Park. Systematic sampling technique was used to analyze the vegetation of the forest. A quadrat size of 10mx10m was plotted at respective point for tree study and within 5mx5m plots for shrubs and 1mx1m for herbs analysis. The study recorded a total of 18 tree species from 13 families in the forest area. Among the trees, Uttis (Alnus nepalensis D. Don) and Chilaune [Schima wallichii (DC.) Korth.] were the most dominant species. The major shrubs of the forest areas comprised of Yurilo (Hypericum uralum Buch.-Ham. ex D. Don), Chutro (Berberis aristata DC.) and Angeri (Melastoma melabathricum L.). Among the herbs Bhui Amala (Phyllanthus freternus Webster), Unyu [Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott.] and Banmara (Eupatorium adenophorum Spreng.) were dominant ones in forest ground. The aboveground biomass of tree species was found to be 4021.41kg/ha in which Dhalne katus [Castanopsis indica (Roxb.) Miq.] constituted the large percent of biomass of the forest. The estimated resources demand and supply showed the annual deficit of 112.038t/yr and the carbon stock was calculated to be 2.01t/ha. The Shannon Index of diversity was highest for tree (2.33) followed by shrub (2.22) and herb (2.17) respectively. The density of cut stumps and the density of lopping were 184/ha and 216/ha respectively, which showed that the anthropogenic pressure on community forest was prominent. Key words: basal area; biomass; species diversity; systematic sampling DOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4135Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2010) 133-138

scholarly journals Vegetation Dynamics in Treeline Ecotone of Langtang National Park, Central Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 107-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
NP Gaire ◽  
YR Dhakal ◽  
HC Lekhak ◽  
DR Bhuju ◽  
SK Shah
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Climatic Warming ◽  
Seedling Density ◽  
Treeline Ecotone ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Abies Spectabilis ◽  
The Impact

A study was carried out at the treeline ecotone (3,730m-3,950m asl) of Langtang National Park in central Nepal with an aim to document the impact of climatic warming on ecological chracteristics. Three sampling sites were selected at Chaurikharka and Lauribina, where no serious anthropogenic pressure was noticed. The nearest meteorological station has records of climatic warming in recent years. Six tree species and three shrub species belonging to seven families were enumerated from the study plots. The average basal area for tree species was found to be 20.56 m2 per ha while average tree density was found to be 734 trees per ha with Abies spectabilis as dominant species. The mean DBH (diameter at breast height) of tree species was found to be 15.8 cm (max. 115.5cm). Density of dead trees accounted 2 no. per ha with basal area 0.195m2 per ha. Average sapling and seedling density of tree species per ha was observed to be 1,590 and 831 respectively. The average sapling and seedling density of A. spectabilis was 255 and 350 per ha respectively. Similarly, average shrub density (per ha) for the area was found to be 9,609 no/ha. The stand character showed that there was high level of recruitment of A. spectabilis in the recent years. The presence of sapling and seedling of A. spectabilis at higher altitude showing linear relationship with canopy coverage indicated prospects for a gradual and upward shift of A. spectabilis with increased temperature. Key words: Abies spectabilis; regeneration; climate change; DBH DOI: 10.3126/njst.v11i0.4132Nepal Journal of Science and Technology 11 (2010) 107-114

scholarly journals Vegetation Analysis of Namuna Community Forest of Salbari, Sanischare VDC in Jhapa District, Eastern Nepal

2009 ◽  
Vol 23 ◽  
pp. 12-15
Author(s):  
Krishna Prasad Bhattarai
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Conservation ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Total Density ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
History Museum ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Vegetation Study

Vegetation study was carried out in an afforested land called Namuna Community Forest in Salbari, Sanischare, VDC, Jhapa, District. Random samplings for estimation of density, frequency, basal area and IVI were carried out by laying quadrates (10m x 10 m) at different sites of forest, three times and mean value was calculated. Nine tree species were recorded during field study. Total density of 10,410 pl/ha and total basal area of 33.956 m2/ha of tree species were recorded. The value of density (1790 pl/ha), basal area (31.45m2/ha) and IVI (130.63) were found highest for Shorea robusta, which is ecologically successful species in this forest. Lower value of basal area showed that this forest is young and regenerating. Other tree species had comparatively lower value of density, basal area and IVI due to regular human inte rference. Therefore an example of establishing forest community so as to initiate the conservation of local biodiversity has been discussed in this article.Key words: Community forest; conservation; IVI estimation; regenerating; Shorea robustaJournal of Natural History Museum Vol. 23, 2008 Page 12-15

scholarly journals Dynamique des peuplements ligneux dans le Parc National de Manda, au sud du Tchad

2019 ◽  
Vol 42.1 ◽  
pp. 7139-7152
Author(s):  
Guiguindibaye MADJIMBE ◽  
Goy SARADOUM ◽  
Touroumgaye GOALBAYE ◽  
Esaïe WAYA ◽  
Jonathan POUNAKOUMNA
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Average Density ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Average Volume ◽  
Specific Composition ◽  
Gradual Evolution ◽  
Standing Timber ◽  
Composition Spécifique ◽  
Structure Des Peuplements

1 RÉSUMÉ La présente étude a pour but d’étude la dynamique des peuplements ligneux dans le Parc National de Manda. Elle vise à déterminer les caractéristiques structurales, la composition spécifique et la régénération des peuplements ligneux. Quatre sites ont été implantés depuis 2012. Nous avons procédé à la caractérisation des peuplements ligneux par des relevés dendrométriques. La flore ligneuse dans l’ensemble des sites est riche de 87 espèces reparties en 56 genres et 22 familles. Les sites 1 et 2 ont des effectifs plus élevés en 2019 comparativement en 2014 et en 2012. Une forte régénération s’est effectuée durant l’année 2019. Contrairement aux sites, 1 et 2, les sites 3 et 4 présentent pour l’année 2019 une forte baisse des effectifs de jeunes plants. Ces jeunes plants sont très sensibles non seulement à la disponibilité des ressources en eau pour franchir la saison sèche mais aussi à l’intensité et à la fréquence de passage des feux. Les résultats ont permis de noter que la densité moyenne entre 2012 et 2014 s’est accrue et à partir de 2014 elle s’est stabilisée. La surface terrière par hectare est, en moyenne de 10,12 m2/ha pour 2012 ; 11,16 m2/ha pour l’année 2014 et de 11, 65 m2/ha pour l’année 2019. Pour l’ensemble des sites expérimentaux, on évalue le volume moyen de bois sur pieds à 12,31 m3/ha en 2012, à 12,46 m3/ha en 2014 et 12,08 m3/ha en 2019. Ces valeurs indiquent que les variations de volume moyen de bois sur pieds sont très faibles pour les sites pris dans leur ensemble. Les résultats obtenus, montrent aussi que 8 espèces se situent dans un processus d’évolution régressive et 4 autres dans un processus d’évolution progressive. La structure des peuplements ligneux n’a pas beaucoup évolué en 8 ans mais, elle apparaît fortement tributaire de la topographie et de la pression anthropique. ABSTRACT Dynamic of the woody populations in the National Park of Manda, to the south of Chad The purpose of this study is to study the dynamics of woody stands in the Manda National Park. It aims to determine the structure, specific composition and regeneration of woody stands. Four sites have been established since 2012. We have characterized the woody stands by dendrometric surveys. The woody flora in all sites is rich in 87 species divided into 56 genera and 22 families. Sites 1 and 2 have higher numbers in 2019 compared to 2014 and 2012. Strong regeneration took place in 2019. Unlike sites 1 and 2, sites 3 and 4 present for the year 2019 a sharp decline in the number of young plants; these seedlings are very sensitive not only to the availability of water resources to cross the dry season but also to the intensity and frequency of fire. The results showed that the average density between 2012 and 2014 increased and from 2014 it stabilized. The basal area per hectare is, on average, 10.12 m2 / ha for 2012; 11.16 m2 / ha for the year 2014 and 11, 65 m2 / ha for the year 2019. For all the experimental sites, the average volume of standing timber is estimated at 12.31 m3/ ha in 2012, 12.46 m3 / ha in 2014 and 12.08 m3 / ha in 2019. These values indicate that variations in average volume of standing timber are very low for sites taken as a whole. The results obtained also show that 8 species are in a process of regressive evolution and 10 in a process of gradual evolution. The structure of woody stands has not changed much in 8 years, but it appears highly dependent on topography and anthropogenic pressure.

scholarly journals Evaluating Efficiency of Sampling Schemes in Tropical Natural Forests: Review and Simulation Experience from Kenya

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Joseph Hitimana ◽  
James Legilisho Ole Kiyiapi ◽  
Balozi Kirongo Bekuta
Keyword(s):  
Forest Type ◽  
Sampling Error ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Montane Forest ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Natural Forests ◽  
Forest Types ◽  
Sampling Schemes ◽  
Plot Size

Forest measurements, especially in natural forests are cumbersome and complex. 100% enumeration is costly and inefficient. This study sought to find out reliable, efficient and cost-effective sampling schemes for use in tropical rain forest (TRF), moist montane forest (MMF) and dry woodland forest (DWF) in Kenya. Forty-eight sampling schemes (each combining sampling intensity (5, 10, 20, 30%), plot size (25, 50, 100, 400 m2) and sampling technique (simple random sampling, systematic sampling along North-South and along East-West orientations) were generated for testing estimates of forest attributes such as regeneration through simulation using R-software. Sampling error and effort were used to measure efficiency of each sampling scheme in relation to actual values. Though forest sites differed in biophysical characteristics, cost of sampling increased with decreasing plot size regardless of the forest type and attribute. Accuracy of inventory increased with decreasing plot size. Plot sizes that captured inherent variability were 5mx5m for regeneration and trees ha-1 across forest types but varied between forest types for basal area. Different sampling schemes were ranked for relative efficiency through simulation techniques, using regeneration as an example. In many instances systematic sampling-based sampling schemes were most effective. Sub-sampling in one-hectare forest unit gave reliable results in TRF (e.g. SSV-5mx5m-30%) and DWF (e.g. SSV-10mx10m-30%) but not in MMF (5mx5m-100%). One-hectare-complete-inventory method was found inevitable for regeneration assessment in montane forest.

scholarly journals Forest Composition, Fuelwood Harvest and Regeneration Status in Four Community Forests of Central Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghanashyam Subedi ◽  
Binod Khatiwada ◽  
Sandesh Bhattarai ◽  
Kamal Prasad Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Forest Community ◽  
Forest Composition ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Community Forests ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Regeneration Status ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Scientific World ◽  
Castanopsis Indica

Present study aims to explore forest composition, fuelwood harvest and regeneration status in two community forests of central Nepal. We carried out our study in different periods of 2007 and 2008. Household surveys were conducted to find the condition of fuelwood harvest and people dependency on community forest. Community forests of Nawalparasi districts are dominated by Shorea robusta whereas community forests of Syanja district are dominated by Castanopsis indica and Schima wallichii with highest IVI value. Percapita fuelwood consumption and domestic animals are higher in Nawalparasi district than in Syanja district. Grasses are the main source of fodder in Nawalparasi district whereas trees in Syanja district. Farmland is the main source for fodder in both the districts but even higher in Syanja district. For fuelwood people depend on forest than the farmland. Dominant tree species in Patapati Lulpani Community Forest (PLCF) showed reverse J-shaped size class distribution indicating sustainable regeneration whereas dominant tree species in Gamtam Community Forest (GCF), Dhuseri Community Forest (DCF) and Bhedawari Community Forest (BCF) showed poor regeneration status. Key words: Community forest; Forest composition; Fuelwood harvest; Regeneration. DOI: 10.3126/sw.v7i7.3826 Scientific World Vol.7(7) 2009 pp.53-58

scholarly journals Modeling of Tree Volume against Crown Area for Dalbergia sissoo Stand in Hariyarpur Community Forest of Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Santosh Ghimire ◽  
Jeetendra Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Google Earth ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Coefficient Of Determination ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Volume Distribution ◽  
Dalbergia Sissoo ◽  
Community Forest ◽  
Crown Area ◽  
Crown Cover

Complex geographical features and forest inventory methods are more time consuming, expensive and labour-intensive. Therefore, development of model equation is important. To conduct this study, systematic sampling technique was adopted with 5% sample intensity. Tree volume was calculated from field inventory and crown area calculated from Google Earth imagery. R-Programme was used for data analysis and various tests (ANOVA, F-test and Z-test) were done for model validation. The best-fitted model of tree volume against the crown area for Dalbergia sissoo stand was obtained (Volume = A*Crown^2 + B*Crown + C) using Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) value 0.054 and Coefficient of Determination (R2) value 0.9125153. The trend of this model exhibits that volume distribution varied in direct proportion to the extent of crown cover area up to certain limit. With further increase in extent of crown area, the volume distribution shows an inverse relationship. This model can be used to predict the tree volume for Dalbergia sissoo stand of 15-20 years of age. This model, in turn, will be helpful for managers, planners, foresters and decision-makers for better management and utilization of Dalbergia sissoo forest.

scholarly journals Assessment of tree species diversity, composition and structure of Medha Kachhapia National Park, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehraj Uddin ◽  
Faqrul Islam Chowdhury ◽  
Mohammed Kamal Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Species Diversity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Tree Diversity ◽  
Acacia Auriculiformis ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Tree Species Diversity ◽  
Composition And Structure ◽  
Diversity Assessment

Abstract. Uddin M, Chowdhury FI, Hossain MK. 2020. Assessment of tree species diversity, composition and structure of Medha Kachhapia National Park, Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh. Asian J For 4: 15-21. Tree species diversity assessment is considered an essential task to design robust conservation action plans of Protected Areas (PAs). Numerous researches have assessed tree diversity of different PAs of Bangladesh but tree diversity of Medha Kachhapia National Park (MKNP) is still unknown due to lack of research initiatives. It hinders forest managers of this PA to plan and implement conservation actions successfully. To this end, the study carried out a systematic sampling to ascertain composition, distribution, and diversity of tree species available at MKNP of Bangladesh. Findings revealed that representation of tree diversity of MKNP was very poor. Only 10 tree species representing 6 families were identified. Besides, MKNP was dominated by different Dipterocarpus spp. especially with Dipterocarpus costatus. Dominance in height and diameter classes and high Important Value Index (133.94) of D. costatus indicated that the tree might possess a suitable habitat in MKNP to maintain optimum dispersal, development, and growth. However, recent plantation activities with exotic Acacia auriculiformis and intensified human-induced disturbances might hamper its habitat. Thus, to conserve the habitat of D. costatus and remaining forest resources of MKNP, reforestation efforts should be shifted from exotic to native tree species, and community anthropogenic disturbances should be minimized.

scholarly journals Forest Tree Composition: A Comparative Study of Timber Species in Bayelsa State Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-73
Author(s):  
Samuel Olatokunbo Ihinmikaiye ◽  
Bernard Edache Ochekwu ◽  
Josiah Muonam Ikuli ◽  
Doris Akinjagunla Atinuke ◽  
Abel Zikenal Keresinbofa
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Forest Tree ◽  
Timber Species ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Sample Plot ◽  
Management Options ◽  
Timber Tree

Measuring tree species diversity is critical for forest management, particularly where timber species suffer undue anthropogenic pressure. This study was carried out in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. A sample plot was systematically chosen from randomly selected communities in each of the three senatorial districts Bayelsa West (BW), Bayelsa East (BE) and Bayelsa Central (BC) of the State. Each sample plots measured 25 m x 25 m and all timber tree species that were at least six feet above ground level within each sample plot were identified, counted and measured. Fifty individual timbers were encountered in the sample plot at Ogobiri community in BW, fifty-two at Kolo 1 community in BE and fifty-six at Gbarain community in BC belonged to 18, 16 and 14 different families respectively. Families with the largest number of species in the plots were Gentianaceae and Meliaceae, and the highest diversity indices were recorded from BE senatorial district. Generally, the basal area of the sample plots increases with an increase in diameter at breast height. The forested zones were on flat terrain characterized by seasonal flood inundation, and the similarities of timber species in the plots occurred as (BW-BC)> (BW-BE)> (BC-BE). Also, four tree species Coelocaryon preussii, Sacoglottis gabonensis, Milicia excelsa and Triplochiton scleroxylon were identified as rare species, and management options that would ensure ad infinitum supply of timber species were proposed.

Regeneration status of trees under different disturbances regimes at southern fringe of Corbett National Park of Uttarakhand Himalaya

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
Vivek Pandey ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Grazing Pressure ◽  
Anthropogenic Pressure ◽  
Shorea Robusta ◽  
Regeneration Status ◽  
Disturbed Forest ◽  
Southern Fringe ◽  
Disturbed Site ◽  
Uttarakhand Himalaya

Increasing anthropogenic pressure and dependence on plant products has led to widespread exploitation of natural forest in Uttarakhand Himalaya. The study area was selected on the Southern Boundry of Corbett National Park. The objective of the present study was to understand the regeneration status of important tree species in three different types of forests categorized as Highly Disturbed, Moderately disturbed and Least Disturbed sites. Total tree density was higher for least disturbed forest and lower for highly disturbed forest. The regeneration was poor in highly disturbed site compared to least disturbed site. Mallotus philippinensis was germinating and growing as a dominant under canopy tree species across all the sites except least disturbed sites. Sal (Shorea robusta) regeneration was found to be a serious problem. Mallotus philippinensis, Aegle marmelos and Lagerstroemia parviflora showed their dominance across all the sites proving broad ecological amplitude and high tolerance against grazing pressure. At highly disturbed site, species like Mallotus philippinensis, Diospyros tomentosa and Lagerstromeia parviflora were regenerating fairly well with seedlings and saplings but the number of saplings were either less than or equal to adults. Vegetational parameters showed that protected areas ( least disturbed areas ) are important for maintaining regeneration and ecosystem.

Environmental Correlates of Tree Species Diversity in Stage III of Kakadu National Park, Northern Australia

1993 ◽  
Vol 41 (6) ◽  
pp. 649 ◽  
Author(s):  
DMJS Bowman ◽  
JCZ Woinarski ◽  
KA Menkhorst
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
National Park ◽  
Basal Area ◽  
Clay Content ◽  
Stage Iii ◽  
Environmental Correlates ◽  
The Family ◽  
Components Analysis ◽  
Soil Clay Content ◽  
Genus Eucalyptus

A quadrat based survey that sampled across the environmental range of the geologically and topographically diverse Stage III of Kakadu National Park, Northern Territory, revealed that the region has a tree flora dominated by the family Myrtaceae, and the genus Eucalyptus in particular. Principal components analysis (PCA) defined three axes of environmental variation: site rockiness, site hydrology and surface soil clay content. The three PCA axes were divided into halves and a 2x2x2 matrix was created to classify eight environments; however, there were quadrats in only seven of the eight possible environments. Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVAs showed that there was significant variation of the following variables between the 7 environments: total basal area, tree species richness, proportion tree richness composed of eucalypt species, and proportion of eucalypt richness composed of the four subgenera Blakella, Corymbia, Eudesmia and Symphyomyrtus. Of the most abundant 25 tree species and other common eucalypts only five species (Allosyncarpia ternata, Eucalyptus bigalerita, E. clavigera, E. foelscheana and E. jacobsiana) did not have significant differences in their mean basal area between the seven environments. The above patterns are interpreted as evidence that the savanna is a highly evolved system rather than the product of geologically recent disturbance to a once widespread monsoon rainforest.

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