scholarly journals Lung Cancer and Smoking in Asia

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-38 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Jha ◽  
AP Weerakoon ◽  
KB Karki ◽  
S Shrestha ◽  
PWK Gamage
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoking ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Carcinogenic Effect ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
The Common ◽  
Head Neck

The incidence of lung cancer is rising dramatically in Asia. Cancer is currently placed 6th to 9th in the common causes of mortality in the SAARC region. The most common cancers in Asia are the cancers of head, neck and thorax, which can be directly attributed to the smoking and tobacco chewing habits in the region especially SAARC region. The pattern of cigarette smoking changed globally during last three decade. It is slowly decreasing in developed countries, at a rate of 1% annually and rising in developing countries, at a rate of 2%. Recent studies have shown in addition to the direct tobacco smoking, environmental tobacco smoke has a proven lung carcinogenic effect. As the single most important cause for lung cancer is tobacco smoke, every effort should be taken to control this menace.Key Words: Lung cancer; Asia; Tobacco Smoking DOI: 10.3126/saarctb.v5i1.3082 SAARC J. Tuber. Lung Dis. HIV/AIDS 2008 Vol.5(1) 33-38

scholarly journals An Atypical Presentation of Chylous Ascites

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-20
Author(s):  
TR Tanusha ◽  
Mamatha B Patil
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Peritoneal Cavity ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Chylous Ascites ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Atypical Presentation ◽  
Common Causes

ABSTRACT Chylous ascites (CA) is the extravasation of milky chyle into the peritoneal cavity. Chylous ascites commonly affects adults in 50 to 60 years of age but can also occur in pediatric population. In adults, the most common causes are abdominal malignancies and cirrhosis which account for more than two-third of the cases in developed countries, whereas infectious diseases, such as tuberculosis and filariasis, are prevalent in developing countries. Other causes include congenital, inflammatory, postoperative, traumatic and miscellaneous disorders. We hereby report two atypical cases of chylous ascites and also briefly discuss the causes and treatment. How to cite this article Tanusha TR, Patil MB. An Atypical Presentation of Chylous Ascites. J Med Sci 2015;1(1):17-20.

scholarly journals Clinical Profile and Outcome of Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of NGMC

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Roma KM ◽  
Manita Pyakurel ◽  
Veena Gupta ◽  
Piush Kanodia
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
The Common

Background: Neonatal period is a period from birth to under 28 days of life. The common causes of mortality and morbidity in our region are preventable, among which neonatal sepsis is the commonest one. Most of the deaths occur within 7 days of life. Objectives: To study the clinical profile, pattern of diseases, causes of morbidity and mortality amongst newborns. Materials and methods: A hospital based descriptive study was done among total 967 newborns including both inborn and out born admitted in NICU, NGMC from January 2016 to December 2016. Age, sex, gestational age, diagnosis at admission, outcome of admitted th newborns were the main variables under study. Data was entered in Excel and analyzed using SPSS 20th version. Data were presented through pie, bar graph and table with frequency and percentage. Results: Male were predominant in the study (65%). One third of the admitted newborns were preterms. Half of the admitted newborns were admitted on their first day of life. Neonatal sepsis was the most common cause of admission. Deaths occured in 7.4%of total babies. Seventy-six percent got improved after treatment. Only 2.8% were referred to higher center. Conclusions: Most of the neonates got admitted in first day of life with commonest cause being neonatal sepsis. Recovery rate was satisfactory. To reduce the mortality and morbidity of neonates, we need to increase awareness level in general population and proper aseptic practices in medical practitioners.

scholarly journals DIAGNOSTIC UTILITY OF BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE (BAL) AND COMPARISON OF THE BAL AND TRANS BRONCHIAL LUNG BIOPSY (TBB) IN DIAGNOSIS OF LUNG CARCINOMA

2021 ◽  
pp. 153-154
Author(s):  
Kinalee Chothani ◽  
Vishwa Davra ◽  
Mansi Davda ◽  
Jigna Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Bronchoalveolar Lavage ◽  
Lung Carcinoma ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Lung Biopsy ◽  
Diagnostic Yield ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Diagnostic Utility

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of death in developed countries and is increasing at alarming rates in developing countries also.1 This study is designed to determine accuracy of bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) as compare to the gold standard histology examination of lung biopsy. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted,total 46 cases of BAL which were suspected for lung carcinoma and 17 cases of lung biopsy (cases who need confirmation after BAL) were received at G.K general hospital, Bhuj from a period of 2.5 years. Conclusion: Our study conclude that BAL cytology has diagnostic yield of 50%,sensitive of 66.67%,specificity of 100% and efficacy of 64%.

scholarly journals Challenges in optimizing chemoradiation in locally advanced non small-cell lung cancers in India

2013 ◽  
Vol 02 (04) ◽  
pp. 265-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushma Agrawal
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Small Cell ◽  
Concurrent Chemoradiation ◽  
Small Cell Lung ◽  
Stage Iiia ◽  
Lung Cancers

AbstractData supporting use of concurrent chemoradiation in locally advanced lung cancers comes from clinical trials from developed countries. Applicability and outcomes of such schedules in developing countries is not widely reported. There are various challenges in delivering chemoradiation in locally advanced non small cell lung cancer in developing countries which is highlighted by an audit of patients treated with chemoradiation in our center. This article deals with the challenges in the context of a developing country. We conclude that sequential chemoradiotherapy is better tolerated than concurrent chemoradiation in Indian patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancers. Patients with stage IIIa, normal weight or overweight, and adequate baseline pulmonary function should be offered concurrent chemoradiation.

Mobile Technologies for Managing Non-Communicable Diseases in Developing Countries

2018 ◽  
pp. 261-287 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siddique Latif ◽  
Muhammad Yasir Khan ◽  
Adnan Qayyum ◽  
Junaid Qadir ◽  
Muhammad Usman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Mobile Phone ◽  
Healthy Lifestyle ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Common Risk Factors ◽  
The Common

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the global leading cause of morbidity and mortality and disproportionately affect more in the less developed countries. Mobile technologies are being used for a variety of purposes in healthcare. Most importantly, they are enabling new ways for NCDs management by providing powerful tools to both doctors and patients for effective prevention and treatment. As the common risk factors of NCDs are related to human behavior; therefore, mobile phone-based health solutions can be used to combat with rising burden of NCDs by focusing on behavioral change programs to promote a healthy lifestyle. This chapter discusses the common NCDs, their burden, and future estimated projections, and shows how mobile phone technologies can provide effective NCDs management in developing countries—which have a lot of issues in their healthcare systems.

scholarly journals Childhood Hearing Loss IN Developing Countries: From Multidisciplinary Team Work to Public Health

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francis Msume Banda ◽  
Britt Nakstad
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Team Work ◽  
Health Awareness ◽  
Economic Implications ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Hearing Loss In Childhood

This chapter will highlight the common causes of hearing loss in children and emphasize on the fact that most of the hearing loss is due to causes that are preventable. We know that hearing loss in childhood not only impacts on the child’s learning and social interaction with the child’s peers and society, but also has economic implications when the child grows into an adult. Public health awareness is therefore paramount in preventing a large chunk of the hearing gloss and therefore greatly contributes to making sure that the child grows into a productive citizen of the society that the child grows or lives in.

scholarly journals The Future Role of Cardio-oncologists

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Radek Pudil ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Common Cause ◽  
Oncological Patients ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Cv Disease

Cardiovascular (CV) disease and cancer remain the two most common causes of mortality in developed countries; however, progress in the treatment of malignant diseases significantly improved survival of oncological patients. Similarly, there is an increased number of the patients with malignancy who have a history of CV disease or an increased CV risk. Rates of CV problems from cancer-related therapeutics are high, and cardiotoxicity is the second most common cause of morbidity and mortality in cancer survivors. Therefore, there is a need for the development of an efficient programme to manage the problem of cardiotoxicity with the aim to decrease morbidity and mortality in patients and to improve their quality of life. For this purpose, cardio-oncological clinics should be an essential part of the strategy.

scholarly journals A Review of Challenges and Opportunities for End-of-Life Vehicle Recycling in Developing Countries and Emerging Economies: A SWOT Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4918
Author(s):  
Solange Ayuni Numfor ◽  
Geoffrey Barongo Omosa ◽  
Zhengyang Zhang ◽  
Kazuyo Matsubae
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
End Of Life ◽  
Emerging Economies ◽  
Swot Analysis ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Labor Cost ◽  
Regulatory Framework ◽  
Registration System ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
The Common

The importance of recycling end-of-life vehicles (ELVs) has been widely acknowledged as a means of reducing ELV waste to the environment. This reduced environmental waste contributes to achieving a number of UN SDGs, including the creation of sustainable cities. The recovery of secondary resources, such as metals, from the recycling of ELVs also reduces over-dependence on primary resources. This promotes efficient resource utilization and resource conservation. While recycling systems have been established and laws governing ELV recycling have been implemented in some developed countries, there are no such systems in much of the world, and regulations are few if any. To determine the challenges and opportunities for ELV recycling in developing countries, the literature on ELV recycling processes and activities was reviewed, and a SWOT analysis was done based on the data compiled from the literature, to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. From the SWOT analysis, the common features identified as opportunities were large market size, low labor cost, and the presence of recyclers of ELV parts. The common strengths were identified to be the vehicle registration system, vehicle manufacturing, ELV legislation, ELV recycling, and the waste management system. In the case of weaknesses, the identified features were the technological capacity, waste regulatory framework, vehicle deregistration, ELV regulatory framework, environmental impact and pollution, and the lack of access to information regarding ELVs, and ELV recycling infrastructure. The common threats were perceived as the little attention given to ELV recycling by the governing authorities, the difficulty of doing business, and political and social instability. The results of the SWOT analysis also showed that the opportunities were considerable and the threats were significant for all of the countries in this study. The weaknesses were significant in Nigeria and the other developing countries, and the strengths of the emerging economies tended to be greater. While weaknesses and threats were clearly identified by the SWOT analysis, the SWOT analysis also revealed the strengths and opportunities for recycling ELVs in developing and emerging countries.

Emerging Nutrition Gaps in a World of Affluence - Micronutrient Intake and Status Globally

2011 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 238-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manfred Eggersdorfer ◽  
Paul Walter
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Health Benefit ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Micronutrient Deficiencies ◽  
New Science ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Micronutrient Intake

Nutrition is important for human health in all stages of life - from conception to old age. Today we know much more about the molecular basis of nutrition. Most importantly, we have learnt that micronutrients, among other factors, interact with genes, and new science is increasingly providing more tools to clarify this interrelation between health and nutrition. Sufficient intake of vitamins is essential to achieve maximum health benefit. It is well established that in developing countries, millions of people still suffer from micronutrient deficiencies. However, it is far less recognized that we face micronutrient insufficiencies also in developed countries.

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