scholarly journals Clinical Profile and Outcome of Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of NGMC

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-22
Author(s):  
Roma KM ◽  
Manita Pyakurel ◽  
Veena Gupta ◽  
Piush Kanodia
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
The Common

Background: Neonatal period is a period from birth to under 28 days of life. The common causes of mortality and morbidity in our region are preventable, among which neonatal sepsis is the commonest one. Most of the deaths occur within 7 days of life. Objectives: To study the clinical profile, pattern of diseases, causes of morbidity and mortality amongst newborns. Materials and methods: A hospital based descriptive study was done among total 967 newborns including both inborn and out born admitted in NICU, NGMC from January 2016 to December 2016. Age, sex, gestational age, diagnosis at admission, outcome of admitted th newborns were the main variables under study. Data was entered in Excel and analyzed using SPSS 20th version. Data were presented through pie, bar graph and table with frequency and percentage. Results: Male were predominant in the study (65%). One third of the admitted newborns were preterms. Half of the admitted newborns were admitted on their first day of life. Neonatal sepsis was the most common cause of admission. Deaths occured in 7.4%of total babies. Seventy-six percent got improved after treatment. Only 2.8% were referred to higher center. Conclusions: Most of the neonates got admitted in first day of life with commonest cause being neonatal sepsis. Recovery rate was satisfactory. To reduce the mortality and morbidity of neonates, we need to increase awareness level in general population and proper aseptic practices in medical practitioners.

scholarly journals Disease profile and Outcome of Newborn admitted to Neonatology unit of BPKIHS

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Piush Kanodia ◽  
Sunil Kumar Yadav ◽  
Nisha Keshary Bhatta ◽  
Rupa Rajbhandari Singh
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Period Data ◽  
Ethical Clearance

Background & Objectives: Neonatal period is a vulnerable time in which the newborn has to adapt to a totally new environment and is susceptible to many problems, which may even be life threatening. Every year, millions of neonates are born and a large proportion of them are admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for various indications. It is found that neonatal mortality rate is decreasing in Nepal but at a slower pace than infant and child mortality. In order to improve neonatal outcome, it is crucial to identify the areas where health care can be improved. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the clinical profile, pattern of diseases and common causes of mortality and morbidity in neonates admitted to neonatology unit.Materials & Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at neonatology unit of BPKIHS, from January 2014 to December 2014. A total of 1009 neonates (both inborn and out-born) were admitted to neonatology division during the study period. Data was collected from the hospital record section. Ethical clearance was taken from the institutional ethical committee before the initiation of the study. Data was entered and descriptive analysis was done by using SPSS 20.0.Results: Total of 1009 neonates were admitted in neonatology unit. Among them, 349(34.5%) cases were admitted due neonatal sepsis, 236 (23.3%) due to prematurity and 233 (23.1%) with birth asphyxia. Among birth asphyxia, 102(43.7%) were in HIE III, 34.3% and 21.8% in HIE II and HIE I, respectively. The overall mortality was 47 (4.7%) during hospital stay.Conclusion: Sepsis, prematurity and birth asphyxia were major causes for admission in NICU. All these etiologies are preventable up to some extent and, if detected earlier, can be effectively treated in order to reduce morbidity and mortalityJCMS Nepal. 2015;11(3):20-24.

scholarly journals Neonatal admission from emergency department

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-120
Author(s):  
Sitaram Shrestha
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Emergency Department ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Vulnerable Period ◽  
Common Causes

Neonatal period is a vulnerable period of life. In Nepal, most common causes of newborn admission in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) are birth asphyxia, neonatal sepsis. This study explores the diseases with which 131 neonates were admitted from emergency department. Sepsis was the main cause of admission, followed by pneumonia.

scholarly journals Clinical Profile and Outcome of Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) at a Tertiary Care Centre in Eastern Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 177-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gauri Shankar Shah ◽  
Satish Yadav ◽  
Anil Thapa ◽  
Lokraj Shah
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Birth Asphyxia ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Tertiary Care Centre ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Development Goals

Introduction: Neonatal period is the most susceptible period of life due to different causes, which in most cases are preventable. Every year millions of neonates are born and a large proportion of them are admitted to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) for various indications. One of the Millennium Development Goals is to reduce under five mortality by two thirds by 2015. Therefore, this study was conducted to identify the clinical profile, pattern of diseases and common causes of mortality and morbidity in neonates admitted to NICU. Materials and Methods: A retrospective study was conducted at level III Neonatal NICU of a tertiary -care teaching hospital from January, 2012 to December, 2012. Results: Total of 361 neonates were admitted in NICU. Eighty six neonates (23.8%) were admitted due to prematurity and 73 (20.2%) with birth asphyxia. Among birth asphyxia, 40(54.8%)were in HIE III, 27.4% and 17.8% in HIE II and HIE I, respectively. One hundred eighteen (32.6%) cases were diagnosed as sepsis. The overall mortality was 20.2% during hospital stay. Conclusions: Sepsis, prematurity and birth asphyxia were major causes for admission in NICU. All these etiologies are preventable up to some extent and, if detected earlier, can be effectively treated in order to reduce morbidity and mortality. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jnps.v33i3.8447   J. Nepal Paediatr. Soc. 2013;33(3):177-181

scholarly journals A study of clinical profile of neonates with respiratory distress and predictors of their survival admitted in neonatal intensive care unit of tertiary care hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 2027
Author(s):  
Pushpak H. Palod ◽  
Bhagwat B. Lawate ◽  
Mahesh N. Sonar ◽  
Sneha P. Bajaj
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Corticosteroid Administration ◽  
Neonatal Septicaemia ◽  
Common Causes

Background: Respiratory disorders are the most frequent cause of admission for neonatal intensive care in both term and preterm infants. The clinical diagnosis of respiratory distress in a newborn is suspected if the respiratory rate is greater than 60 per minute in a quite resting baby, presence of grunting and/or there are inspiratory subcostal/intracostal retractions Signs and symptoms of respiratory distress include cyanosis, grunting, nasal flaring, retractions, tachypnea, decreased breath sounds with or without rales and/or rhonchi, and pallor. Objectives of present study were to know the clinical profile and aetiology of neonates with respiratory distress and to study the morbidity and mortality of respiratory distress in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). And to find out the predictors of survival in the neonates admitted with respiratory distress.Methods: Study is done on 281 neonates admitted in Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU) as a Prospective Cohort and Descriptive Study and Simple Random sampling is used to include neonates in the study. All the neonates included in study were subjected to the following detailed perinatal history and thorough clinical examination of newborns was done.Results: Males outnumber the females in admission. Most of the affected neonates were weighing between 1500g to 2500g (185). Out of total patients of two hundred and eighty-one, there were 35 deaths (12.5%) and 246 patients survived (87.5%). In present study most common causes for respiratory distress were respiratory distress syndrome (31.3%), neonatal septicaemia including pneumonia (28.1%), TTBN (16.7%).Conclusions: The overall survival rate was 87.5%. Male outnumber female on admissions but the survival in females was better than males. Common causes of respiratory distress in our study are RDS, Neonatal septicaemia and TTBN. As the gestation increased the survival also improved. Term neonates had better survival as compared to preterm neonates. Antenatal corticosteroid administration improved the survival. 

scholarly journals THREE YEARS PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS

2003 ◽  
Vol 42 (149) ◽  
pp. 312-4
Author(s):  
Neeraj Jain ◽  
V Mangal
Keyword(s):  
Intensive Care Unit ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Necrotizing Enterocolitis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Intestinal Wall ◽  
Common Risk Factor ◽  
Newborn Period ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
The Common ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion

Necrotizing Enterocolitis (NEC) is a major cause of mortality and morbidity in the newborn period. Toknow the incidence of NEC at our Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (NICU). Over a 3 year period (Prospectivestudy) ,510 cases were studied for NEC. Incidence was 5.3%, mortality due to NEC was 22%, Asphyxia,Prematurity and enteral feeding were the common risk factor. Abdominal distention, blood in stool and airin intestinal wall were the main clinical features. Prevention and high index of suspicion are important tolimit the morbidity and mortality.Key Words: Necrotizing enterocolitis, Low birth weight.

scholarly journals NEONATAL SEPSIS;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (10) ◽  
pp. 1455-1460
Author(s):  
Nazia Bashir Abbasi ◽  
Nighat Jabeen ◽  
Shafat Khatoon
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Drug Sensitivity ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Gram Staining ◽  
Emerging Issues

Introduction: Neonatal sepsis is a systemic condition characterized bybacteremia that occurs in the first month of life. It is a fatal condition and need to be treatedpromptly. Bacterial isolates include both gram positive and negative bacteria and the cureof condition is highly dependent on antimicrobial drug sensitivity and resistant patterns. It isthere for utmost important to known commonly occurring bacteria in neonatal septic statesand their drug sensitivity patterns. Objectives: To determine the frequency of the bacterialisolates in blood and their sensitivity patterns to commonly used antibiotics in neonatal sepsis.Setting: Neonatal intensive care unit(NICU), Department of Shifa International Hospital. (SIH),Islamabad. Study Design: Cross sectional. Duration: This study was conducted between 6 1stJune 2013 to 30th November 2013. Subject and Methods: A total of 180 neonates, admittedin NICU with evidence of clinical sepsis i.e. with signs and symptoms suggestive of septicemia(fever, lethargy, reluctance to feed, seizures, and irritability) were included in this study. Thesamples for blood cultures were taken. Identification of bacterial isolates was carried out by thestandard bacteriological techniques, which include gram staining and bacterial cultures andantimicrobial sensitivity patterns which was performed by modified Kirby and Bauer disc diffusemethod as per CLSI (Clinical and Laboratory StandardsInstitute)guidelines.A predesignedPerforma was filled. Results: Culture revealed bacterial growth in 7.2% samples. Gram negativeorganisms were observed in 6.67% and only 1 were gram positive. In this study, 50% and 100%of E-coli were sensitive to ampicillin, meropenem and amikacin, gentamycin respectively. Sixtyto 100% of pseudomonas was sensitive to ceftazidime, tazobactum, meropenem and 100%of enterococcus was sensitive to ampicillin and vancomycin. Conclusion: Antimicrobial drugresistance and constantly changing resistance patterns is emerging issues in various groupsof infections and septic states, especially for routinely used antibiotics as found in our study.Thus by prescribing rational use of antimicrobial as per bactriogram, It‘ll be easier totreat sepsiseffectively and economically and reduce the mortality and morbidity related to neonatal sepsis.

scholarly journals Prophylactic Therapy with Human Amniotic Fluid Stem Cells Improves Long-Term Cognitive Impairment in Rat Neonatal Sepsis Survivors

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9590
Author(s):  
Yushi Abe ◽  
Daigo Ochiai ◽  
Yu Sato ◽  
Seiji Kanzaki ◽  
Satoru Ikenoue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Multiple Organ ◽  
Prophylactic Therapy ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Neurological Outcomes ◽  
Sepsis Survivors

A systemic inflammatory response induces multiple organ dysfunction and results in poor long-term neurological outcomes in neonatal sepsis. However, there is no effective therapy for treating or preventing neonatal sepsis besides antibiotics and supportive care. Therefore, a novel strategy to improve neonatal sepsis-related morbidity and mortality is desirable. Recently, we reported that prophylactic therapy with human amniotic stem cells (hAFSCs) improved survival in a rat model of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neonatal sepsis through immunomodulation. Besides improving the mortality, increasing survival without major morbidities is an important goal of neonatal intensive care for neonatal sepsis. This study investigated long-term neurological outcomes in neonatal sepsis survivors treated with hAFSCs using the LPS-induced neonatal sepsis model in rats. We found that prophylactic therapy with hAFSCs improved spatial awareness and memory-based behavior in neonatal sepsis survivors at adolescence in rats. The treatment suppressed acute reactive gliosis and subsequently reduced astrogliosis in the hippocampal region over a long period of assessment. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report that proves the concept that hAFSC treatment improves cognitive impairment in neonatal sepsis survivors. We demonstrate the efficacy of hAFSC therapy in improving the mortality and morbidity associated with neonatal sepsis.

CLINIC-ETIOLOGICAL PROFILE AND USE OF ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS IN CHILDREN PRESENTING WITH SEIZURES: AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar ◽  
Vivek Kumar ◽  
Gopal Shankar Sahni
Keyword(s):  
Observational Study ◽  
Antiepileptic Drugs ◽  
Hospital Admissions ◽  
Keywords Epilepsy ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
The Common ◽  
Possible Cause ◽  
Symptoms And Signs

Introduction: Seizures are one of the common causes for hospital admissions in children with significant mortality and morbidity. The present investigation was aimed to study the clinic-etiological profile and use of antiepileptic drugs in children presenting with seizures. Methods: The present prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pediatrics, SKMCH Medical College and Hospital, Bihar for the period of 1 year from Nov 2017 to Nov 2018.  A total of 120 children with acute symptoms and signs of seizures with altered sensorium were studied. History was obtained to determine the possible cause of the seizure and type of epilepsy. The data obtained was analyzed with SPSS version 20. Results: out of total 120 children majority were found in the age group of 1-4 years and males had higher prevalence compared to female. Primary generalised tonic clonic epilepsy was the commonest type of epilepsy seen. Uconsciousness 51.7%, fever 40.8%, vomiting 26.7%, and headache 20% were the leading presenting complaints in seizure patients. Conclusions: The study showed primary generalised tonic clonic epilepsy was the commonest type of epilepsy seen, followed by simple partial seizures. Effort should be intensifying to eradicate the preventable causes of the disease. Keywords: Epilepsy, Fever, Children

scholarly journals Predictive Values of Risk Factors in Neonatal Sepsis

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 187-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
MS Hasan ◽  
CB Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Significant Risk ◽  
Income Group ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Causes Of Mortality ◽  
Prolonged Labor ◽  
Control Study

Neonatal sepsis is one of the most important causes of mortality and morbidity especially in developing countries. Management of such cases is difficult, costly and need expert centers in many cases. Therefore, identification of the risk factors and their predictive values may help optimizing its management. With the above idea this case-control study was done to see the effects of maternal and neonatal risk factors and to find their predictive values in the development of neonatal sepsis. Fifty cases and fifty suitably matched controls were enrolled in the study and different maternal, natal and newborn factors were compared. Many risk factors were found to have influence in the development of neonatal sepsis. Among them the maternal intrapartum fever, foul smelling liquor, young mother (< 20 yrs), poor income group, prolonged labor, unclean vaginal examination (UVE) and primi mother were much associated with the occurrence of sepsis. Also the neonatal factors, like prematurity, resuscitation at birth and low APGAR score carried the significant risk of developing sepsis. But when relative influence of these risk factors were analyzed over neonatal sepsis in detecting their predictive values, it was found that irregular antenatal check up, prematurity, resuscitation at birth, and maternal intrapartum fever had influenced most in the development of neonatal sepsis in chronological order. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbcps.v29i4.11324   J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2011; 29: 187-195

scholarly journals Imaging Diagnosis of Neonatal Anemia: Report of Two Unusual Etiologies

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
Shabnam Bhandari Grover ◽  
G Rajalakshmi Preethi ◽  
Sumita Saluja ◽  
Ankit Bhargava
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Hemorrhagic Disease ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Imaging Diagnosis ◽  
Congenital Leukemia ◽  
Common Causes ◽  
Characteristic Imaging ◽  
The Common

Anemia in neonatal period is rare, with the common causes being Rh and ABO blood group incompatibility, hemorrhagic disease of newborn, congenital hemolytic anemia, hemoglobinopathies, and TORCH (toxoplasmosis, rubella, cytomegalovirus, herpes virus) infections. Congenital leukemia and infantile osteopetrosis (OP) are among the rare causes of neonatal anemia. A review of the literature shows approximately 200 reported cases of congenital leukemia. Articles describing the imaging features of congenital leukemia are still rarer. Infantile OP, another rare disorder with a reported incidence of 1 in 250,000 has characteristic imaging features, which are diagnostic of the disease. We report a case each, of two rare diseases: Congenital leukemia and infantile osteopetrosis. Additionally, our report highlights the radiological and imaging features of congenital leukemia and infantile OP and their crucial role in arriving at an early diagnosis.

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