scholarly journals Determinants of Digital Divide using Demand-Supply Framework

2021 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atulan Guha ◽  
Maitrayee Mukerji
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Reduced Form ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Occupational Profile ◽  
Education Status ◽  
Demand Equations ◽  
Supply Side Factors

In last two decades, India has seen high economic growth. Concomitantly, there has been increase in availability and use of information and communication technologies (ICTs). However, ICT penetration in India is much less when compared to global averages. There exists a substantive level of inequality in ICT access and use. Empirical studies on extent and nature of digital divide in India are few, especially those with explicit theoretical demand-supply framework, using consistent and reliable pan India data. This paper is an attempt to address these research gaps. It examines the digital divide in India across socio-economic classes and different political-geographic regions. The reduced form demand equations for two ICT instruments – Internet and mobile phone - are estimated separately for households aggregated at subnational level. A multi-variate econometric model identifies both demand and supply side factors shaping differential access by households. Findings indicate digital divide is a reflection of existing socio-economic divide. On the demand side, socio-economic inequality as manifest in the economic conditions of households, social category, occupational profile, age and education status are key determinants of district level digital divide. Further, supply side factors like availability of electricity, mobile network and extent of urbanization also play an important role.

Cultural Aspects and Digital Divide in Europe

MedienJournal ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Maier-Rabler
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Social Economic ◽  
Innovation Process ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Individual Member ◽  
Policy Practice ◽  
Cultural Aspects ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Policy Strategies

This paper aims to make a contribution toward an improvement of European e-policy practice. lt is inspired by the conviction that successfuJ e-policy strategies can lead to ba­lanced chances for all members in certain societies to aquire the absolutely indispensable capabilities for decision-making in the context of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Following the path of the development of e-policy papers it has to be stated that many goals have not yet been achieved. The techno-deterministic concepts 'access' and 'usage' seem not to reach far enough to get people really involved andin­formed. Many more aspects have tobe considered in order to create a clirnate for inno­vation where different choices made by different individuals according to their different social, economic or cuJtural backgrounds do not lead automatically to the well known either or not, connected or not-connected, haves or have-nots, but to a variety of pat­terns of involvement. In this paper, we argue for different e-policy strategies according to cultural aspects in certain societies. And hereby we will focus on the cultural aspects of information itself, on the notion of information in different information cultures. lt also seems important to mention at this stage that we believe that getting all members of society involved in the ICT-innovation process in order to provide the basis for in­formed decisions by each individual member is the most important task of e-policy.

scholarly journals Determinants of Financial Inclusion in Small and Medium Enterprises: Evidence from Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 286
Author(s):  
Betgilu Oshora ◽  
Goshu Desalegn ◽  
Eva Gorgenyi-Hegyes ◽  
Maria Fekete-Farkas ◽  
Zoltan Zeman
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Access To Finance ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Supply Side Factors ◽  
Positive Effect

The study examines the determinant factors that influence financial inclusion among small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Ethiopia. The study uses an explanatory research design and a mixed research approach with both primary and secondary sources of data. More specifically, the study adopts a multiple linear regression model. The finding of the study reveals that; supply-side factors, demand-side factors, market opportunity, and collateral requirements have a positive effect on the firm’s access to finance. On the other hand, institutional framework factors, and the costs of borrowing negatively affect the firm’s access to finance. This study suggests concerned bodies sustain rapid and inclusive economic growth and hence eradicate extreme poverty and hunger, the policymakers must build an efficient, strong, and well-functioning financial market system that provides affordable and sustainable financial service to SMEs.

scholarly journals A Business Model Framework to Characterize Digital Multisided Platforms

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Ardolino ◽  
Nicola Saccani ◽  
Federico Adrodegari ◽  
Marco Perona
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Model Framework ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Multiple Case ◽  
The One

Businesses grounded upon multisided platforms (MSPs) are found in a growing number of industries, thanks to the recent developments in Internet and digital technologies. Digital MSPs enable multiple interactions among users of different sides through information and communication technologies. The understanding of the characteristics and constituents of MSPs is fragmented along different literature streams. Moreover, very few empirical studies have been carried out to date. In order to fill this gap, this paper presents a three-level framework that describes a digital MSP. The proposed framework is based on literature analysis and multiple case study. On the one hand, the framework can be used to describe MSP as it provides an operationalization of the concept through the identification of specific dimensions, variables and items; on the other hand, it can be used as an assessment tool by practitioners, as exemplified by the three empirical applications presented in this paper.

scholarly journals CHINA’S INDUSTRIAL STRUCTURE UPGRADE IN THE “NEW NORMAL”: EMPIRICAL TEST AND DETERMINANTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 63 (04) ◽  
pp. 1037-1058 ◽  
Author(s):  
WEN XIAO ◽  
JIA-DONG PAN ◽  
LI-YUN LIU
Keyword(s):  
Development Strategy ◽  
Industrial Structure ◽  
Empirical Test ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
New Normal ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
Technology Improvement ◽  
Policy Suggestions ◽  
Regional Economy Development ◽  
Supply Side Factors

This paper measures the index of industrial structure upgrade nationally, regionally and provincially by employing angle cosine method. The results show that China’s industrial structure has upgraded and the East is higher than the Northeast and the Midwest. The paper presents an empirical study to examine the effect of variables including demand-side factors, New Normal as a dummy variable and supply-side factors on industrial structure upgrading. It implies that New Normal is not significant, while consumption, investment, technology improvement and labor supply significantly facilitate the upgrade. It highlights policy suggestions designed to adopt innovation-driven strategy and regional economy development strategy.

scholarly journals What Explains the Regional Variation in the Use of General Practitioners in Australia?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunzhou Mu ◽  
Jane Hall
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Population Health ◽  
General Practitioners ◽  
Regional Variation ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Demand Side ◽  
Gp Visits ◽  
Supply Side Factors

Abstract Background: Regional variation in the use of health care services is widespread. Identifying and understanding the sources of variation and how much variation is unexplained can inform policy interventions to improve the efficiency and equity of health care delivery. Methods: We examined the regional variation in the use of general practitioners (GPs) using data from the Social Health Atlas of Australia by Statistical Local Area (SLAs). 756 SLAs were included in the analysis. The outcome variable of GP visits per capita by SLAs was regressed on a series of demand-side factors measuring population health status and demographic characteristics and supply-side factors measuring access to physicians. Each group of variables was entered into the model sequentially to assess their explanatory share on regional differences in GP usage. Results: Both demand-side and supply-side factors were found to influence the frequency of GP visits. Specifically, areas in urban regions, areas with a higher percentage of the population who are obese, who have profound or severe disability, and who hold concession cards, and areas with a smaller percentage of the population who reported difficulty in accessing services have higher GP usage. The availability of more GPs led to higher use of GP services while the supply of more specialists reduced use. 30.56% of the variation was explained by medical need. Together, both need-related and supply-side variables accounted for 32.24% of the regional differences as measured by the standard deviation of adjusted GP-consultation rate. Conclusions: There was substantial variation in GP use across Australian regions with only a small proportion of them being explained by population health needs, indicating a high level of unexplained clinical variation. Supply factors did not add a lot to the explanatory power. There was a lot of variation that was not attributable to the factors we could observe. This could be due to more subtle aspects of population need or preferences and therefore warranted. However, it could be due to practice patterns or other aspects of supply and be unexplained. Future work should try to explain the remaining unexplained variation.

scholarly journals A Study of Competition and Concentration of Indian Mortgage (Housing) Finance using Herfindahl Model

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. V. Ingle
Keyword(s):  
Interest Rates ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Housing Finance ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Customer Demand ◽  
Market Driven ◽  
Intensity Of Competition ◽  
Supply Side Factors ◽  
National Housing

The growth in housing activities in recent years reflects the optimistic state of the housing finance market in the country. With a growing number of players, the mortgage (housing) finance sector is becoming market driven. The market has witnessed change in lending practices in certain segments to accommodate customer needs. There seems to be high intensity of competition among different players of the housing finance sector. The findings of the study reveal that the business of housing finance is highly concentrated in nature and revolves around a few players only. The top players are HDFC Limited, National Housing Bank, SBI, ICICI and LICHFL. Amongst these three HFIs, HDFC Limited is taking the lead. Talking about the value of HH index with respect to the level of concentration, the trend has continued to remain the same over several years. The performance of these institutions has been influenced by more than just customer demand. Stricter NPA norms, softening interest rates, and stiff competition in mobilizing low-cost deposits have all affected the supply-side factors, which in turn has influenced the performance of these institutions in terms of volume and competitiveness.

scholarly journals Adoption of digital technology in the New Zealand motion picture industry

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Rachel Gwendoline McInnes
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Motion Picture ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Diffusion Of Innovations ◽  
Motion Picture Industry ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Traditional Research ◽  
Adoption And Diffusion ◽  
And Diffusion ◽  
Supply Side Factors

<p>This research applies Frambach's integrated model of the adoption and diffusion of innovations to the adoption of digital technology in the New Zealand motion picture industry. Previous models concerning innovation adoption have typically focused on adopter side variables. The model employed here integrates supply-side variables with the adopter-side variables focused on in traditional research. This research extends Frambach's model to consider the time and extent of adoption. The model is tested through a mail-out survey. Tests of associations between dependent and independent variables are carried out through four measures of association in a bivariate fashion. The results show that supply-side and adopter-side variables are both important influencers of the extent of adoption of digital technology in the motion picture industry. However supply-side factors do not appear to be important determinants of the time of adoption of digital technology in this industry.</p>

scholarly journals MEASURING DIGITAL DIVIDE IN KING ABDULAZIZ UNIVERSITY

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-19
Author(s):  
Iqbal S. Alsaleh ◽  
Shaymaa M. Rashad
Keyword(s):  
Digital Divide ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Information And Communications Technology ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Order Effects ◽  
Diffusion Of Technology ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
King Abdulaziz University ◽  
The University

Due to the undesirable effects of the gap between citizens to access and use information and communication technologies (ICT), most researchers have been paying much attention to the threat of a digital divide. Unfortunately an amazingly large number of people do not have the abilities to use the ICTs in a proper way and, therefore, cannot draw advantages from its usage. As a result, digital divide is commonly regarded as a potential barrier for participation in the information society. This study measure the digital divide in Saudi Arabia by analyzing the results of a small-scale study conducted at the University KAU, regarding students’ and university members’ perceptions toward the usage of ICT. This analysis measure the digital divide concerning some factors like gender, educational level using a questionnaire. The analysis shows that KAU has no digital divide. Key words: digital divide, information and communications technology, ICT, diffusion of technology, second order effects.

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