scholarly journals STUDY ON THE ESTIMATION OF UNUNIFORM SNOW ACCUMULATIONS ON ROOFS BASED ON WIND TUNNEL TESTS USING ARTIFICIAL SNOW AND WIND PRESSURE COEFFICIENTS

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (620) ◽  
pp. 9-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuji SAKURAI ◽  
Tomoyuki SANADA ◽  
Osamu ABE ◽  
Osamu JOH
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Wind Tunnel Tests ◽  
Pressure Coefficients

Effects of Geometrical Factors on Wind Pressure Characteristics of Cylindrical Roofs with Wind Tunnel Tests

2013 ◽  
Vol 351-352 ◽  
pp. 284-289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo Chen ◽  
Qing Shan Yang
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Probability Distributions ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Wind Tunnel Tests ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Mean Pressure ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Geometrical Factors ◽  
Pressure Characteristics

With wind tunnel tests, simultaneous pressure measurements are made on 4 cylindrical roof models with different rise-span ratios and roof inclinations. Effects of these geometrical factors on wind pressure characteristics of the roofs are investigated, including mean pressure coefficients, RMS pressure coefficients, skewness, kurtosis, and probability distributions of wind pressure. Results show that the mean vertical wind force coefficient of high rise-span ratio roof is larger than that of the low rise-span ration roof; the mean pressure coefficient distribution of the low rise-span ratio roof is similar to that of RMS pressure coefficients and the skewness (or the kurtosis); the vortex center line occurs at the windward edge for the low rise-span ratio roof with inclination 0°, which occurs at the roof apex for the high rise-span ratio roof. The roof inclination has more effects on the low rise-span ratio roof, the vortex moves from the windward edge to the apex for the roof with inclination 7.2°when the wind flows from the low eave to the high eave. The distribution of the skewness is strongly correlative to that of the kurtosis. The probability distributions of the roof edges and corners deviate obviously from the Guass distribution. If this point is ignored, the peak suction pressure will be underestimated.

scholarly journals Wind tunnel tests of aerodynamic interference of the high-rise building and its nearest city surroundings

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 079-086
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Bosak
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Horizontal Wind ◽  
Wind Tunnel Tests ◽  
Wind Action ◽  
Building Model ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
Aerodynamic Interference

The paper summarizes the results of wind tunnel tests of the influence of aerodynamic interference on wind action of a high-rise building design in Warsaw. Measurements were accomplished in Wind Engineering Laboratory of Cracow University of Technology. Wind pressures on external surfaces of the building model were acquired in two different situations. Firstly, only the building model was placed in the tunnel working section, secondly, the building model with the nearest surroundings was taken under consideration. A study of the character of wind action differences caused by the nearest surroundings of the building was the main aim of the paper. Wind pressure coefficients on the external building surfaces and the difference of horizontal wind action on full scale were compared.

Wind Loading on a Pyramidal Roof Structure

1985 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. Dutt
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Peripheral Region ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Scale Model ◽  
Wind Loading ◽  
Wind Tunnel Experiments ◽  
Wind Tunnel Tests ◽  
Roof Structure ◽  
Inner Region ◽  
The Church

This paper deals with the investigation of wind loading on the pyramidal roof structure of the Church of St Michael in Newton, Wirral, Cheshire, England, by wind tunnel tests on a 1/48 scale model. The roof of the model was flat in the peripheral region of the building while in the inner region there was a grouping of four pyramidal roofs. Wind tunnel experiments were carried out; wind pressure distribution and contours of wind pressure on all surfaces of the pyramid roofs were determined for four principal wind directions. The average suctions on the roof were evaluated. The highest point suction encountered was — 4q whilst the maximum average suction on the roof was —0·86q. The results obtained from wind tunnel tests were used for the design of pyramidal roof structures and roof coverings for which localised high suctions were very significant.

scholarly journals Study of Wind Loads and Wind Speed Amplifications on High-Rise Building with Opening by Numerical Simulation and Wind Tunnel Test

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Fu-Bin Chen ◽  
Xiao-Lu Wang ◽  
Yun Zhao ◽  
Yuan-Bo Li ◽  
Qiu-Sheng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Wind Loads ◽  
Structural Safety ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
High Rise ◽  
High Rise Building ◽  
The Mean

High-rise buildings are very sensitive to wind excitations, and wind-induced responses have always been the key factors for structural design. Facade openings have often been used as aerodynamic measures for wind-resistant design of high-rise buildings to meet the requirement of structural safety and comfort. Obvious wind speed amplifications can also be observed inside the openings. Therefore, implementing wind turbines in the openings is of great importance for the utilization of abundant wind energy resources in high-rise buildings and the development of green buildings. Based on numerical simulation and wind tunnel testing, the wind loads and wind speed amplifications on high-rise buildings with openings are investigated in detail. The three-dimensional numerical simulation for wind effects on high-rise building with openings was firstly carried out on FLUENT 15.0 platform by SST k − ε model. The mean wind pressure coefficients and the wind flow characteristics were obtained. The wind speed amplifications at the opening were analyzed, and the distribution law of wind speed in the openings is presented. Meanwhile, a series of wind tunnel tests were conducted to assess the mean and fluctuating wind pressure coefficients in high-rise building models with various opening rates. The variation of wind pressure distribution at typical measuring layers with wind direction was analyzed. Finally, the wind speed amplifications in the openings were studied and verified by the numerical simulation results.

WIND PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION ON LOW-RISE BUILDINGS WITH CYLINDRICAL ROOFS

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Astha Verma ◽  
Ashok Kumar Ahuja
Keyword(s):  
Boundary Layer ◽  
Experimental Study ◽  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Wind Loads ◽  
Wind Loading ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
Available Information

Wind is one of the important loads to be considered while designing the roofs of low-rise buildings. The structural designers refer to relevant code of practices of various countries dealing with wind loads while designing building roofs. However, available information regarding wind pressure coefficients on cylindrical roofs is limited to single span only. Information about wind pressure coefficients on multi-span cylindrical roofs is not available in standards on wind loads. Present paper describes the details of the experimental study carried out on the models of low-rise buildings with multi-span cylindrical roofs in an open circuit boundary layer wind tunnel. Wind pressure values are measured at many pressure points made on roof surface of the rigid models under varying wind incidence angles. Two cases namely, single-span and two-span are considered. The experimental results are presented in the form of contours of mean wind pressure coefficients. Results presented in the paper are of great use for the structural designers while designing buildings with cylindrical roofs. These values can also be used by the experts responsible for revising wind loading codes from time to time.

Wind Pressure Coefficients Determination for Pre-Homogenization Storage in Cement Mill

2011 ◽  
Vol 94-96 ◽  
pp. 1026-1030
Author(s):  
Yue Ming Luo ◽  
Yue Yin ◽  
Xi Liang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Spherical Shell ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Wind Tunnel Test ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Wind Engineering ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
Continuous Innovation ◽  
Structural Style ◽  
Wind Pressures

Due to the increasing of wind disaster, structural wind engineering arouses more and more attention recently, with rapid development on spatial structure and continuous innovation of structural style. The main purpose of structural wind engineering is to calculate the wind pressure coefficients of structure. In this paper, the numerical wind tunnel method (NWTM), based on the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), is applied to study wind load. The wind pressure coefficients of reticulated spherical shell with the 4.6m high wall were first determined, using the NWTM. The results are then compared with the wind tunnel test (WTT) and good agreement is found. The feasibility and reliability of NWTM were then verified. As the second example, NWTM is carried out to predict wind-induced pressure on reticulated spherical shell without wall. Further the distribution behavior of wind pressures on this kind of structures is discussed which could provide professionals the reference for the design of structure.

Wind Load Characteristics of Tall Building with Atrium

2013 ◽  
Vol 639-640 ◽  
pp. 515-522
Author(s):  
Yong Gui Li ◽  
Q.S. Li
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Pressure Coefficient ◽  
Tall Building ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Wind Loads ◽  
Design Guideline ◽  
Pressure Coefficients ◽  
Opening Ratio ◽  
Wind Pressures

Wind tunnel test of 1:500 rigid model of tall building with atrium was carried out. Based on the experimental results, characteristics of wind pressures on atrium facades and wind loads on the structure were investigated in detail. The results show that the formation of flow separation on the building top plays a critical role in the generation of wind pressures on the atrium facades. Meanwhile, wind pressure coefficient distributions on the atrium facades are found to be relatively uniform. Moreover, the horizontal and vertical correlations of pressure coefficient exhibit high at most locations on atrium facades. With the increasing of the opening ratio, the mean wind pressure coefficients first decreased and then stabilized, and the fluctuating wind pressure coefficients first decreased and then increased. A design guideline for the wind-resistant design of atrium facades was proposed, and the results predicted by the proposed guideline were in good agreement with those from the wind tunnel tests, indicating that the proposed guideline can be used in engineering applications. When the opening ratio is no more than 5.33%, the effect of the facade pressures within the atrium on the wind loads on the structure can be ignored. For such cases, the wind-resistant design for a tall building with atrium can refer to that of a similar shape tall building without atrium.

Effect of Added Mass on Wind-Induced Vibration of a Circular Flat Membrane by Wind Tunnel Tests

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 1850156
Author(s):  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Yuanqi Li ◽  
Akihito Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Added Mass ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Induced Response ◽  
Wind Tunnel Tests ◽  
Rigid Model ◽  
Flat Membrane ◽  
Wind Induced Vibration

Flexible roof structures, such as membranes, are sensitive to wind action due to their flexibility and light weight. Previously, the effect of added mass on the vibration frequency of membrane structures has been experimentally tested. However, the effect of added mass on wind-induced vibration remains unclear. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of added mass on the wind-induced vibration of a circular flat membrane based on wind tunnel tests. First, wind tunnel tests were conducted to obtain wind pressure distribution from the rigid model and wind-induced vibration from the aeroelastic model of a circular flat membrane. Secondly, a dynamic finite element analysis for the proposed added mass model was conducted to obtain the wind-induced vibration of the membrane structure. Then, with the wind pressure distribution obtained from the rigid model tests, dynamic analysis was conducted either with or without consideration of the effect of added mass. According to the dynamic analysis results and the wind tunnel test results, it is clear that considering the effect of added mass in dynamic analysis can significantly improve the accuracy of a wind-induced response. Such an effect is more significant at the windward than the central zone. The inclusion of added mass can result in a larger displacement response as wind velocity increases but a smaller response as the prestress level increases.

scholarly journals Characteristics of Wind Load on Spatial Structures with Typical Shapes due to Aerodynamic Geometrical Parameters and Terrain Type

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Zhou ◽  
Yuanqi Li ◽  
Yingying Zhang ◽  
Akihito Yoshida
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Pressure Distribution ◽  
Strong Dependence ◽  
Wind Load ◽  
Wind Pressure ◽  
Geometrical Parameters ◽  
Spatial Structures ◽  
Wind Tunnel Tests ◽  
Terrain Type ◽  
Design Optimum

The characteristics of wind load on large-span roofs are complicated by their unique geometrical configurations and strong dependence on aerodynamic geometrical parameters and terrain type. However, there is rarely comprehensive research for characteristics of wind load on spatial structures due to aerodynamic geometrical parameters of roofs and terrain type. In this study, first, the effects of geometrical parameters of roofs and terrain type on the wind pressure distribution based on the data obtained from the existing wind tunnel tests were summarized. Then, the wind loads of full-scale structures were predicted by CFD, and the efficiency of numerical results was further verified by the available wind tunnel tests on spatial structures. Finally, with comparative analyses of the wind pressure distribution of the roofs predicted by CFD under different cases, the effects of shape ratios, especially rise-span ratio, height-span ratio, length-span ratio, and so on, and terrain type on the wind pressure field of typical spatial structures were presented. It can be beneficial to wind-resistant design of structures and can be provided as reference for aerodynamic design optimum of span spatial structures.

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