The creation of an expression vector for genome editing of the EDS 1 gene

Biomics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 422-429
Author(s):  
N.A. Rozhnova ◽  
G.A. Gerashchenkov ◽  
A.V. Chemeris
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Expression Vector ◽  
The Creation

scholarly journals RABBIT BIOMODELS OF HUMAN DISEASES DEVELOPED USING NEW GENOMIC TECHNOLOGIES. CRISPR/CAS9 (REVIEW)

Biomeditsina ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 12-33
Author(s):  
E. M. Koloskova ◽  
V. N. Karkischenko ◽  
V. A. Yezersky ◽  
N. V. Petrova ◽  
S. V. Maksimenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
Present Review ◽  
Disease Models ◽  
Genomic Technologies ◽  
Highly Effective ◽  
The Creation

With the advent of endonuclease methods of genome editing, particularly CRISPR/Cas9, it has become possible to obtain genetically modified rabbits by microinjection of zygotes. These highly effective human disease models can be used for various purposes. The present review aims to consider modern achievements in the creation of rabbit biomodels of human diseases using the technologies of genetic editing. It is concluded that Russian laboratories should intensify research in the development of genetically modified rabbits that can be used for various biomedical studies and biomodelling.

scholarly journals CRISPR/Cas12a Multiplex Genome Editing of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and the Creation of Yeast Pixel Art

10.3791/59350 ◽  
2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Klaudia Ciurkot ◽  
Brenda Vonk ◽  
Thomas E. Gorochowski ◽  
Johannes A. Roubos ◽  
René Verwaal
Keyword(s):  
Saccharomyces Cerevisiae ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
The Creation

scholarly journals Production of Recombinant Proteins in the Milk of Transgenic Animals: Current State and Prospects

Acta Naturae ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. V. Shepelev ◽  
S. V. Kalinichenko ◽  
A. V. Deykin ◽  
I. V. Korobko
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Engineering ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Recombinant Proteins ◽  
Retrospective Review ◽  
Current Trend ◽  
Transgenic Animals ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Creation ◽  
A Current

The use of transgenic animals as bioreactors for the synthesis of the recombinant proteins secreted into milk is a current trend in the development of biotechnologies. Advances in genetic engineering, in particular the emergence of targeted genome editing technologies, have provided new opportunities and significantly improved efficiency in the generation of animals that produce recombinant proteins in milk, including economically important animals. Here, we present a retrospective review of technologies for generating transgenic animals, with emphasis on the creation of animals that produce recombinant proteins in milk. The current state and prospects for the development of this area of biotechnology are discussed in relation to the emergence of novel genome editing technologies. Experimental and practical techniques are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals In Our Image: The Ethics of CRISPR Genome Editing

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Joel C. Eissenberg
Keyword(s):  
Human Genome ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Genetic Disease ◽  
Human Disease ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Gene Drive ◽  
Transformative Power ◽  
Ethical Conflicts ◽  
The Creation

Abstract The advent of genome editing technology promises to transform human health, livestock and agriculture, and to eradicate pest species. This transformative power demands urgent scrutiny and resolution of the ethical conflicts attached to the creation and release of engineered genomes. Here, I discuss the ethics surrounding the transformative CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome editing technology in the contexts of human genome editing to eradicate genetic disease and of gene drive technology to eradicate animal vectors of human disease.

scholarly journals Simultaneous TALEN-mediated knockout of chrysanthemum DMC1 genes confers male and female sterility

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Harue Shinoyama ◽  
Hiroaki Ichikawa ◽  
Ayako Nishizawa-Yokoi ◽  
Mikhail Skaptsov ◽  
Seiichi Toki
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Expression Vector ◽  
Wild Relatives ◽  
Core Region ◽  
Target Site ◽  
Female Sterility ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Transgene Flow ◽  
Key Technologies ◽  
Male And Female Sterility

Abstract Genome editing has become one of the key technologies for plant breeding. However, in polyploid species such as chrysanthemum, knockout of all loci of multiple genes is needed to eliminate functional redundancies. We identified six cDNAs for the CmDMC1 genes involved in meiotic homologous recombination in chrysanthemum. Since all six cDNAs harbored a homologous core region, simultaneous knockout via TALEN-mediated genome editing should be possible. We isolated the CmDMC1 loci corresponding to the six cDNAs and constructed a TALEN-expression vector bearing a CmDMC1 target site containing the homologous core region. After transforming two chrysanthemum cultivars with the TALEN-expression vector, seven lines exhibited disruption of all six CmDMC1 loci at the target site as well as stable male and female sterility at 10–30 °C. This strategy to produce completely sterile plants could be widely applicable to prevent the risk of transgene flow from transgenic plants to their wild relatives.

scholarly journals Rationally-engineered reproductive barriers using CRISPR & CRISPRa: an evaluation of the synthetic species concept in Drosophila melanogaster

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew J Waters ◽  
Paolo Capriotti ◽  
David Gaboriau ◽  
Philippos Aris Papathanos ◽  
Nikolai Windbichler
Keyword(s):  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Synthetic Lethality ◽  
Reproductive Barriers ◽  
Population Replacement ◽  
Transgenic Organisms ◽  
Genetic Components ◽  
Conserved Genes ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Spatio Temporal

AbstractThe ability to erect rationally-engineered reproductive barriers in animal or plant species promises to enable a number of biotechnological applications such as the creation of genetic firewalls, the containment of gene drives or novel population replacement and suppression strategies for genetic control. However, to date no experimental data exist that explores this concept in a multicellular organism. Here we examine the requirements for building artificial reproductive barriers in the metazoan model Drosophila melanogaster by combining CRISPR-based genome editing and transcriptional transactivation (CRISPRa) of the same loci. We directed 13 single guide RNAs (sgRNAs) to the promoters of 7 evolutionary conserved genes and used 11 drivers to conduct a miss-activation screen. We identify dominant-lethal activators of the eve locus and find that they disrupt development by strongly activating eve outside its native spatio-temporal context. We employ the same set of sgRNAs to isolate, by genome editing, protective INDELs that render these loci resistant to transactivation without interfering with target gene function. When these sets of genetic components are combined we find that complete synthetic lethality, a prerequisite for most applications, is achievable using this approach. However, our results suggest a steep trade-off between the level and scope of dCas9 expression, the degree of genetic isolation achievable and the resulting impact on fly fitness. The genetic engineering strategy we present here allows the creation of single or multiple reproductive barriers and could be applied to other multicellular organisms such as disease vectors or transgenic organisms of economic importance.

scholarly journals CRISPR-Cas and Its Wide-Ranging Applications: From Human Genome Editing to Environmental Implications, Technical Limitations, Hazards and Bioethical Issues

Cells ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 969
Author(s):  
Roberto Piergentili ◽  
Alessandro Del Rio ◽  
Fabrizio Signore ◽  
Federica Umani Ronchi ◽  
Enrico Marinelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Genetically Modified Organisms ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Clinical Diagnostics ◽  
Human Embryos ◽  
Ethical Guidelines ◽  
Environmental Implications ◽  
Genome Damage ◽  
The Creation

The CRISPR-Cas system is a powerful tool for in vivo editing the genome of most organisms, including man. During the years this technique has been applied in several fields, such as agriculture for crop upgrade and breeding including the creation of allergy-free foods, for eradicating pests, for the improvement of animal breeds, in the industry of bio-fuels and it can even be used as a basis for a cell-based recording apparatus. Possible applications in human health include the making of new medicines through the creation of genetically modified organisms, the treatment of viral infections, the control of pathogens, applications in clinical diagnostics and the cure of human genetic diseases, either caused by somatic (e.g., cancer) or inherited (mendelian disorders) mutations. One of the most divisive, possible uses of this system is the modification of human embryos, for the purpose of preventing or curing a human being before birth. However, the technology in this field is evolving faster than regulations and several concerns are raised by its enormous yet controversial potential. In this scenario, appropriate laws need to be issued and ethical guidelines must be developed, in order to properly assess advantages as well as risks of this approach. In this review, we summarize the potential of these genome editing techniques and their applications in human embryo treatment. We will analyze CRISPR-Cas limitations and the possible genome damage caused in the treated embryo. Finally, we will discuss how all this impacts the law, ethics and common sense.

Genome editing revolutionize the creation of genetically modified pigs for modeling human diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 135 (9) ◽  
pp. 1093-1105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yao ◽  
Jiaojiao Huang ◽  
Jianguo Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Genome Editing ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Human Diseases ◽  
The Creation

scholarly journals Comparative Analysis of Genome Editors Efficiency on a Model of Mice Zygotes Microinjection

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (19) ◽  
pp. 10221
Author(s):  
Olga A. Averina ◽  
Oleg A. Permyakov ◽  
Olga O. Grigorieva ◽  
Alexey S. Starshin ◽  
Alexander M. Mazur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Homologous Recombination ◽  
Functional Genomics ◽  
Genome Editing ◽  
Genetic Variants ◽  
Genome Engineering ◽  
End Joining ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Non Homologous End Joining ◽  
Indispensable Tool

Genome editing is an indispensable tool for functional genomics. The caveat of the genome-editing pipeline is a prevalence of error-prone non-homologous end joining over homologous recombination, while only the latter is suitable to introduce particularly desired genetic variants. To overcome this problem, a toolbox of genome engineering was appended by a variety of improved instruments. In this work, we compared the efficiency of a number of recently suggested improved systems for genome editing applied to the same genome regions on a murine zygote model via microinjection. As a result, we observed that homologous recombination utilizing an ssDNA template following sgRNA directed Cas9 cleavage is still the method of choice for the creation of animals with precise genome alterations.

The role of affect in feelings of obligation

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefen Beeler-Duden ◽  
Meltem Yucel ◽  
Amrisha Vaish
Keyword(s):  
Positive Emotions ◽  
The Creation ◽  
Sense Of Obligation

Abstract Tomasello offers a compelling account of the emergence of humans’ sense of obligation. We suggest that more needs to be said about the role of affect in the creation of obligations. We also argue that positive emotions such as gratitude evolved to encourage individuals to fulfill cooperative obligations without the negative quality that Tomasello proposes is inherent in obligations.

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