The predicament of assessment

Kompetencje XXI wieku: certyfikacja biegłości językowej / Competences of the 21st century: Certification of language proficiency ◽

10.31338/uw.9788323546917.pp.19-28 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hanna Komorowska

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Evaluation ◽

Qualitative Assessment ◽

Perspective Drawing

James Cliff ord (1988) in his seminal book The Predicament of Culture analyses deceptive accounts of other cultures presented from one’s own perspective. Drawing on this analysis I would like to reflect on examinations and certification looking at quantitative evaluation seen from the qualitative standpoint as well as at qualitative assessment viewed from the quantitative stance.

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Cytotoxicity of Self-Etch Versus Etch-and-Rinse Dentin Adhesives: A Screening Study

Materials ◽

10.3390/ma13020452 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 452

Author(s):

Luisa Fröb ◽

Stefan Rüttermann ◽

Georgios E. Romanos ◽

Eva Herrmann ◽

Susanne Gerhardt-Szép

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Evaluation ◽

Human Fibroblasts ◽

Qualitative Assessment ◽

Test Material ◽

Reactivity Index ◽

Dentin Adhesives ◽

Etch And Rinse ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Self Etch

Six dentin adhesives were tested in vitro regarding their cytotoxicity on human fibroblasts. The adhesives Hybrid Bond, One-up Bond F Plus, AdheSE, Clearfil SE Bond, Optibond Solo Plus and Syntac were eluted with culture medium as single or sequentially applied adhesive part for 24 h. 75 Petri dishes were produced per group. They were evaluated triangulated, comprising the quantitative evaluation (105 ones) to determine “viable”, “dead” and “debris” cells with the use of a cell-counter and the reactivity index was also identified based on the qualitative assessment (420 ones). One-up Bond F Plus, AdheSE and Clearfil SE Bond showed a statistical difference of viable cells to the cell control. For One-up Bond F Plus, statistically, differences compared to hybrid bond and Syntac were also found. All the adhesives except One-up Bond F Plus showed significant differences between single and sequentially applied adhesive part regarding the quantitative evaluation. The test material showed a moderate grade of cytotoxicity. As a result, a statistically significant difference of the cytotoxicity between the self-etch and etch-and-rinse adhesives cannot be demonstrated regarding the qualitative evaluation and the reactivity index, but the differences between sequentially applied and single applied components can be proved.

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Quantitative assessment of effective regurgitant orifice: impact on risk stratification, and cut-off for severe and torrential tricuspid regurgitation grade

European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging ◽

10.1093/ehjci/jez267 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (7) ◽

pp. 768-776 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Yogev Peri ◽

Ben Sadeh ◽

Chen Sherez ◽

Aviram Hochstadt ◽

Simon Biner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Evaluation ◽

Tricuspid Regurgitation ◽

Quantitative Assessment ◽

Excess Mortality ◽

Outcome Data ◽

Added Value ◽

Qualitative Assessment ◽

Outcome Analysis ◽

P Value ◽

Value Analysis

Abstract Aims Asses the added value of quantitative evaluation of tricuspid regurgitation (TR), the proper cut-off value for severe TR and ‘torrential TR’ based on outcome data. The added value of quantitative evaluation of TR, and the cut-off values associated with increased mortality are unknown. Methods and results In patients with all-cause TR assessed both qualitatively and quantitatively by proximal iso-velocity surface area method, long-term and 1-year outcome analysis was conducted. Thresholds for excess mortality were assessed using spline curves, receiver-operating characteristic curves, and minimum P-value analysis. The study involved 676 patients with all-cause TR (age 73.9 ± 14 years, male 45%, ejection fraction 52.9 ± 14%). Effective regurgitant orifice (ERO) was strongly associated with decreased survival in unadjusted [hazard ratio (HR) 2.38 (1.79–3.01), P < 0.0001 per 0.1 cm2 increment] and adjusted [2.6 (1.25–5.0), P = 0.01] analyses. Quantitative grading was superior to qualitative grading in prediction of outcome (P < 0.01). The optimal cut-off value for the best separation in survival between groups of patients with severe vs. lesser degree of TR was 0.35 cm2 [P < 0.0001, HR =2.0 (1.5–2.7)]. ERO negatively impacted survival, even when including only the subgroup of patients with severe TR [HR 1.5 (1.01–2.3); P = 0.04]. The optimal threshold corresponding for the best separation for survival between groups of patients with severe vs. ‘torrential’ TR was 0.7 cm2 [P = 0.005, HR =2.6 (1.2–5.1)]. Conclusion TR can be severe and even ‘torrential’ and is associated with excess mortality. Quantitative assessment of TR by ERO measurement is a powerful independent predictor of outcome, superior to standard qualitative assessment. The optimal cut-off above which mortality is increased is 0.35 cm2, similar albeit slightly lower than suggested in recent guidelines. Torrential TR >0.7 cm2 is associated with poorer survival compared to patients with severe TR (ERO > 0.4 cm2 and <0.7 cm2).

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An RGB channel operation for removal of the difference of atmospheric scattering and its application on total sky cloud detection

Atmospheric Measurement Techniques ◽

10.5194/amt-10-1191-2017 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 1191-1201 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Jun Yang ◽

Qilong Min ◽

Weitao Lu ◽

Ying Ma ◽

Wen Yao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quantitative Evaluation ◽

Detection Algorithm ◽

Qualitative Assessment ◽

The Sun ◽

Cloud Detection ◽

Atmospheric Scattering ◽

Clear Sky ◽

Different Types ◽

The Difference ◽

Rgb Image

Abstract. The inhomogeneous sky background presents a great challenge for accurate cloud recognition from the total-sky images. A channel operation was introduced in this study to produce a new composite channel in which the difference of atmospheric scattering has been removed and a homogeneous sky background can be obtained. Following this, a new cloud detection algorithm was proposed that combined the merits of the differencing and threshold methods, named differencing and threshold combination algorithm (DTCA). Firstly, the channel operation was applied to transform 3-D RGB image to the new channel, then the circumsolar saturated pixels and its circularity were used to judge whether the sun is visible or not in the image. When the sun is obscured, a single threshold can be used to identify cloud pixels. If the sun is visible in the image, the true clear-sky background differencing algorithm is adopted to detect clouds. The qualitative assessment for eight different total-sky images shows the DTCA algorithm obtained satisfactory cloud identification effectiveness for thin clouds and in the circumsolar and near-horizon regions. Quantitative evaluation also shows that the DTCA algorithm achieved the highest cloud recognition precision for five different types of clouds and performed well under both visible sun and blocked sun conditions.

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The time course of calcium deposition in shells of the barnacle (Balanus amphititre amphititre) during cyprid-juvenile metamorphosis

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100168621 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 52 ◽

pp. 178-179

Author(s):

Nancy R. Wallace ◽

Craig C. Freudenrich ◽

Karl Wilbur ◽

Peter Ingram ◽

Ann LeFurgey

Keyword(s):

Electron Microscopy ◽

Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽

Time Course ◽

Vertical Plane ◽

Mantle Cavity ◽

Qualitative Assessment ◽

Calcium Deposition ◽

Free Swimming ◽

Freeze Dried ◽

Scanning Electron

The morphology of balanomorph barnacles during metamorphosis from the cyprid larval stage to the juvenile has been examined by light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The free-swimming cyprid attaches to a substrate, rotates 90° in the vertical plane, molts, and assumes the adult shape. The resulting metamorph is clad in soft cuticle and has an adult-like appearance with a mantle cavity, thorax with cirri, and incipient shell plates. At some time during the development from cyprid to juvenile, the barnacle begins to mineralize its shell, but it is not known whether calcification occurs before, during, or after ecdysis. To examine this issue, electron probe x-ray microanalysis (EPXMA) was used to detect calcium in cyprids and juveniles at various times during metamorphosis.Laboratory-raised, free-swimming cyprid larvae were allowed to settle on plastic coverslips in culture dishes of seawater. The cyprids were observed with a dissecting microscope, cryopreserved in liquid nitrogen-cooled liquid propane at various times (0-24 h) during metamorphosis, freeze dried, rotary carbon-coated, and examined with scanning electron microscopy (SEM). EPXMA dot maps were obtained in parallel for qualitative assessment of calcium and other elements in the carapace, wall, and opercular plates.

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