scholarly journals Performance Measurement of Complex Event Platforms

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 237-254
Author(s):  
Eva Zámečníková ◽  
Jitka Kreslíková
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Business Rules ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Integrated Method ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Platform Independence ◽  
Best Fit

The aim of this paper is to find and compare existing solutions of complex event processing platforms (CEP). CEP platforms generally serve for processing and/or predicting of high frequency data. We intend to use CEP platform for processing of complex time series and integrate a solution for newly proposed method of decision making. The decision making process will be described by formal grammar. As there are lots of CEP solutions we will take the following characteristics under consideration - the processing in real time, possibility of processing of high volume data from multiple sources, platform independence, platform allowing integration with user solution and open license. At first we will talk about existing CEP tools and their specific way of use in praxis. Then we will mention the design of method for formalization of business rules used for decision making. Afterwards, we focus on two platforms which seem to be the best fit for integration of our solution and we will list the main pros and cons of each approach. Next part is devoted to benchmark platforms for CEP. Final part is devoted to experimental measurements of platform with integrated method for decision support.

scholarly journals Defeating information overload in health surveillance using a metacognitive aid innovation from military combat systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 371-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel C McFarlane ◽  
Alexa K Doig ◽  
James A Agutter ◽  
Jonathan L Mercurio ◽  
Ranjeev Mittu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Overload ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Health Surveillance ◽  
Simulated Patients ◽  
Naval Research ◽  
Hospital Nurses ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Training Requirement

Modern sensors for health surveillance generate high volumes and rates of data that currently overwhelm operational decision-makers. These data are collected with the intention of enabling front-line clinicians to make effective clinical judgments. Ironically, prior human–systems integration (HSI) studies show that the flood of data degrades rather than aids decision-making performance. Health surveillance operations can focus on aggregate changes to population health or on the status of individual people. In the case of clinical monitoring, medical device alarms currently create an information overload situation for front-line clinical workers, such as hospital nurses. Consequently, alarms are often missed or ignored, and an impending patient adverse event may not be recognized in time to prevent crisis. One innovation used to improve decision making in areas of data-rich environments is the Human Alerting and Interruption Logistics (HAIL) technology, which was originally sponsored by the US Office of Naval Research. HAIL delivers metacognitive HSI services that empower end-users to quickly triage interruptions and dynamically manage their multitasking. HAIL informed our development of an experimental prototype that provides a set of context-enabled alarm notification services (without automated alarm filtering) to support users’ metacognition for information triage. This application is called HAIL Clinical Alarm Triage (HAIL-CAT) and was designed and implemented on a smartwatch to support the mobile multitasking of hospital nurses. An empirical study was conducted in a 20-bed virtual hospital with high-fidelity patient simulators. Four teams of four registered nurses (16 in total) participated in a 180-minute simulated patient care scenario. Each nurse was assigned responsibility to care for five simulated patients and high rates of simulated health surveillance data were available from patient monitors, infusion pumps, and a call light system. Thirty alarms per nurse were generated in each 90-minute segment of the data collection sessions, only three of which were clinically important alarms. The within-subjects experimental design included a treatment condition where the nurses used HAIL-CAT on a smartwatch to triage and manage alarms and a control condition without the smartwatch. The results show that, when using the smartwatch, nurses responded three times faster to clinically important and actionable alarms. An analysis of nurse performance also shows no negative effects on their other duties. Subjective results show favorable opinions about utility, usability, training requirement, and adoptability. These positive findings suggest the potential for the HAIL HSI system to be transferrable to the domain of health surveillance to achieve the currently unrealized potential utility of high-volume data.

scholarly journals Monoclonal Antibody-Based Immunotherapy and Its Role in the Development of Cardiac Toxicity

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Mohit Kumar ◽  
Chellappagounder Thangavel ◽  
Richard C. Becker ◽  
Sakthivel Sadayappan
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Immune Modulation ◽  
Checkpoint Inhibitors ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
High Volume ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
Model Systems ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Late Cardiotoxicity

Immunotherapy is one of the most effective therapeutic options for cancer patients. Five specific classes of immunotherapies, which includes cell-based chimeric antigenic receptor T-cells, checkpoint inhibitors, cancer vaccines, antibody-based targeted therapies, and oncolytic viruses. Immunotherapies can improve survival rates among cancer patients. At the same time, however, they can cause inflammation and promote adverse cardiac immune modulation and cardiac failure among some cancer patients as late as five to ten years following immunotherapy. In this review, we discuss cardiotoxicity associated with immunotherapy. We also propose using human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes/ cardiac-stromal progenitor cells and cardiac organoid cultures as innovative experimental model systems to (1) mimic clinical treatment, resulting in reproducible data, and (2) promote the identification of immunotherapy-induced biomarkers of both early and late cardiotoxicity. Finally, we introduce the integration of omics-derived high-volume data and cardiac biology as a pathway toward the discovery of new and efficient non-toxic immunotherapy.

scholarly journals A Finite Mixture Modelling Perspective for Combining Experts’ Opinions with an Application to Quantile-Based Risk Measures

Risks ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 115
Author(s):  
Despoina Makariou ◽  
Pauline Barrieu ◽  
George Tzougas
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Mixture Models ◽  
Finite Mixture Models ◽  
Risk Measures ◽  
Finite Mixture ◽  
Parametric Family ◽  
Collective Decision Making ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Mixture Modelling ◽  
Expert Opinions

The key purpose of this paper is to present an alternative viewpoint for combining expert opinions based on finite mixture models. Moreover, we consider that the components of the mixture are not necessarily assumed to be from the same parametric family. This approach can enable the agent to make informed decisions about the uncertain quantity of interest in a flexible manner that accounts for multiple sources of heterogeneity involved in the opinions expressed by the experts in terms of the parametric family, the parameters of each component density, and also the mixing weights. Finally, the proposed models are employed for numerically computing quantile-based risk measures in a collective decision-making context.

scholarly journals Using Deliberative Democracy for Better Urban Decision-Making through Integrative Thinking

Urban Science ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 3
Author(s):  
Janette Hartz-Karp ◽  
Dora Marinova
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Deliberative Democracy ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Capital City ◽  
City Region ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Trade Offs ◽  
Urban Issues ◽  
Sustainability Challenges

This article expands the evidence about integrative thinking by analyzing two case studies that applied the collaborative decision-making method of deliberative democracy which encourages representative, deliberative and influential public participation. The four-year case studies took place in Western Australia, (1) in the capital city Perth and surrounds, and (2) in the city-region of Greater Geraldton. Both aimed at resolving complex and wicked urban sustainability challenges as they arose. The analysis suggests that a new way of thinking, namely integrative thinking, emerged during the deliberations to produce operative outcomes for decision-makers. Building on theory and research demonstrating that deliberative designs lead to improved reasoning about complex issues, the two case studies show that through discourse based on deliberative norms, participants developed different mindsets, remaining open-minded, intuitive and representative of ordinary people’s basic common sense. This spontaneous appearance of integrative thinking enabled sound decision-making about complex and wicked sustainability-related urban issues. In both case studies, the participants exhibited all characteristics of integrative thinking to produce outcomes for decision-makers: salience—grasping the problems’ multiple aspects; causality—identifying multiple sources of impacts; sequencing—keeping the whole in view while focusing on specific aspects; and resolution—discovering novel ways that avoided bad choice trade-offs.

Alpha and broadband high‐frequency activity track task dynamics and predict performance in controlled decision‐making

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saskia Haegens ◽  
Yagna J. Pathak ◽  
Elliot H. Smith ◽  
Charles B. Mikell ◽  
Garrett P. Banks ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
High Frequency ◽  
High Frequency Activity

scholarly journals Adolescents' Health Literacy and Decision-making: A Qualitative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (4) ◽  
pp. 392-408
Author(s):  
Sasha A. Fleary ◽  
Patrece Joseph
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Future Orientation ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Lifestyle Behaviors ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Health Decision Making ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Health Decision

Objective: Adolescents assume increased responsibility for their health, particularly regarding health decision-making for lifestyle behaviors. Prior research suggests a relationship between health literacy (HL) and health behaviors in adolescents. Yet, the specific role of HL in adolescents' health decision-making is unclear. This study qualitatively explored adolescents' use of HL in their health decision-making. Methods: Six focus groups with adolescents (N = 37, Mage = 16.49, 86% girls) were conducted. Adolescents' responses to questions about their HL use were coded using thematic analysis. Results: Adolescents identified passive and active HL engagement and several individual (eg, future orientation, risk perception) and environmental (eg, access to resources/information, media) factors that influenced their use of HL in health decision-making. Feedback from others, subjective health, and ability to navigate multiple sources of information also determined adolescents' confidence in their HL skills. Conclusions: Our results support expanding the types of HL studied/measured in adolescents and provide insight on how HL can be leveraged to improve adolescents' health decision-making. Though there was no guiding theory for this study, results support using the Information-Motivation-Behavior Skills model to assess the HL/health decision-making relationship in adolescence.

scholarly journals Analysis of Sources for Information Gathering Before Visiting a Festival in the Case of Generation Z

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tamás Iványi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Information Sources ◽  
Financial Burden ◽  
Exploratory Research ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Music Festivals ◽  
Generation Z ◽  
Use Of Information Sources

In recent years, festivals have become an essential part of summer activities for many members of Generation Z. Programs that last several days also mean significant financial burden for young people, so they gather information from multiple sources before decision-making. The purpose of the study is to examine which information sources – especially social media – and which motivations have become significant in the context of festival tourism's decision process.An online survey was conducted as part of and exploratory research over four consecutive years dealing with the use of information sources and the importance of the music festivals' characteristics targeting the Hungarian Generation Z attendees of festivals. Besides the descriptive statistics cluster analysis and ANOVA tables were used.It can be emphasized that in the case of festival tourism, the influence and usage of social media, relying on the opinions of acquaintances and friends is much more significant in the decision-making phase than in the case of traditional tourism. The program and the leading performers are not the only important factors, but meeting friends, the atmosphere of the festival, and reasonable value for money are also significant. Three groups of users could be identified: those who are mainly browsing official websites and search engines, those who try to make decisions based on earlier experiences, and those who are also looking at social media sites and digest several types of content to make the decision. Organisers of festivals should understand the differences among these groups to create better communication strategies.

Psychopharmacological treatments strategies in consultation-liaison psychiatry: Clinical vignette and pros and cons

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S61-S61
Author(s):  
G. Mattei ◽  
N. Colombini ◽  
S. Ferrari ◽  
G.M. Galeazzi
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Vignette ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Liaison Psychiatry ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Consultation Liaison Psychiatry ◽  
Ward Personnel ◽  
Computer Assisted Decision Making

IntroductionMultimorbidity and polipharmacotherapy are crucial features influencing the psychiatrist's prescription in the consultation-liaison psychiatry (CLP) setting.Aimsto provide an example of computer-assisted decision-making in psychotropic prescriptions and to provide hints for developing pharmacological treatment strategies in the CLP setting.MethodsCase report. A clinical vignette is presented, followed by a review of available online computer-assisted prescription software.ResultsA woman in her seventies was repeatedly referred for psychiatric consultation. Eleven different medications were administered daily, because of multimorbidity. A diagnosis of distymia was established, with comorbid mixed pain (partly fulfilling the criteria of somatic symptom disorder) and substance use disorder (opioids). After the first assessment, six follow-up visits were needed during hospitalization. Mirtazapine and benzodiazepines were introduced. Beside the pharmacological intervention, conflict mediation was performed in the relationship with the patient, her relatives, the ward personnel and the GP, to develop a long-term rehabilitation project. Pros and cons of online computer-assisted prescription software were discussed together with the ward personnel, as well.ConclusionsComputer-assisted decision-making in psychotropic prescription is becoming more common and feasible. The use of available software may contribute to safety, effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of clinical decision-making. Risks are also possible: depending for example from regional differences in prescription indications, different guidelines, pharmacogenomics, frequency with which databases are updated, sponsorships, possible conflicts of interest, and real clinical significance of highlighted interactions – all issues the clinician willing to benefit from this modern tools should pay attention to.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Interactive Multi-Modal Visualization Environment for Complex System Decision Making

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung Leng Foo ◽  
Eliot Winer
Keyword(s):  
Complex System ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Image Data ◽  
Detailed Examination ◽  
Surgical Instruments ◽  
Input Device ◽  
Volume Data ◽  
Evaluation Tool ◽  
Standard Format

Decision making in a complex system requires a large amount of data, and real time interaction and visualization tools become effective solutions. Constant improvement in computer graphics technology has encouraged the research of developing better and more efficient ways of interacting and visualizing complex three-dimensional image data. This paper presents a unique software framework for interacting and visualizing complex volume image data in a virtual environment. For efficient user interactions, a wireless gamepad controller is used as the main input device. The buttons and joysticks on the gamepad controller are intuitively mapped to perform different functions depending on the feature mode that the software is currently in. Apart from the general viewer, an extension of the software also reads in standard format patient medical images such as CT/MRI scans. As an effective decision making tool, the software allows the user to apply fast pseudo-coloring and multiple interactive oblique clipping planes for an immersive detailed examination of any 3D model. In the medical imaging extension of this software, it features the ability for the user to select a specific range of tissue densities to render and an endosurgery planning mode that allows a surgeon to place simulated laparoscopic surgical instruments in a virtual model of the patient. The developed software allows for better interaction with complex volume data for use as a decision making and evaluation tool.

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