Visual Training in Virtual Reality in Adult Patients With Anisometric Amblyopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Juraj Halička ◽  
Erik Sahatqija ◽  
Michal Krasňanský ◽  
Karolína Kapitánová ◽  
Monika Fedorová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Overall Response Rate ◽  
Adult Brain ◽  
Adult Patients ◽  
Visual Training ◽  
Anisometropic Amblyopia ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Before And After

Purpose: Amblyopia is one of the most common childhood disease. The average prevalence of amblyopia in children is estimated at 2-5 %. It arises during the child development until the age of six, if not treated then, it persist throught adulthood. The aim of our work is to retrospectively analyze the results of treatment of anisometropic amblyopia using dichoptical training in virtual reality in adult amblyopic patients. Materials and Methods: Our group consisted of 84 amblyopic patients with anisometropic amblyopia with an average age of 33.8 ± 9.4 years. Patients played a video game twice a week in the Oculus Rift 3D virtual reality. Together they completed 8 visual trainings, with one training lasting 60 minutes. Before and after the training we evaluated the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA). Discussion: Throughout the group, we observed an improvement of 0.1 BCVA from 0.48 to 0.58 Sloan table (p <0.05). 17% of patients before training and 31% after visual training reached BCVA better or equal to 0.9. The overall response rate was 56% in adult patients (n = 47). Conclusion: Our results suggest that a certain degree of residual neuro-plasticity in the visual cortex can be revealed in the adult brain, thereby improve visual acuity in adult amblyopic patients.

Lecture-based, virtual reality game-based and their combination: which is better for higher education?

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirza Rayana Sanzana ◽  
Mostafa Osama Mostafa Abdulrazic ◽  
Jing Ying Wong ◽  
Kher Hui Ng ◽  
Shams Ghazy
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Knowledge Retention ◽  
Learning Gain ◽  
Pedagogical Tool ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Traditional Lectures ◽  
Methods Of Learning ◽  
Oil Rig

PurposeThis paper presents an educational virtual reality (VR) game and experiments with different methods of including it into the teaching process. The purpose of this research study is to discover if immersive VR games can be used as an effective pedagogical tool if blended with traditional lectures by assisting learning gain, memory and knowledge retention while increasing edutainment value.Design/methodology/approachThis research design comprises three different methods of learning: lecture-based involving lecture slides, infographics, and a video, game-based involving an immersive VR game of oil rig exploration, and the combination of lecture and game-based. Participants of each method filled up a questionnaire before and after participation to measure the learning gain, memory, and knowledge retention.FindingsFrom the predominant findings of the study, the combined method demonstrated a significant increase in learning gain, memory, and knowledge retention and maybe a potentially suitable pedagogical tool.Research limitations/implicationsLimitations of the study include findings based on one VR game with a specific educational topic, additionally, it is suspected that having different participants for each of the three methods may have slightly affected the results, albeit to a limited extent.Practical implicationsFindings of this study will provide evidence that VR games can be used alongside traditional lectures to aid in the learning process. Educators can choose to include VR games into their curriculums to improve the educational delivery process.Originality/valueThis research contributes to ways of incorporating VR games into educational curriculums through findings of this study highlighting the combination of VR games with lectures.

scholarly journals Virtual Reality Visual Training in an Adult Patient with Anisometropic Amblyopia: Visual and Functional Magnetic Resonance Outcomes

Vision ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Juraj Halicka ◽  
Michal Bittsansky ◽  
Stefan Sivak ◽  
David P. Piñero ◽  
Peter Ziak
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Functional Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Visual Training ◽  
Anisometropic Amblyopia ◽  
Therapy Program ◽  
Corrected Distance Visual Acuity ◽  
One Year ◽  
Vision Therapy

A case of an adult with anisometropic amblyopia who underwent a successful vision therapy program playing videogames in a virtual reality environment is described, reporting changes in conventional visual clinical data, as well as in brain activity. The patient was a 22 year old man on baseline examination that never previously wore correction for his anisometropia. After prescribing contact lens correction for the anisometropia and after 44 h of virtual reality-based vision therapy over a period of 1.5 years, the best corrected distance visual acuity (BCDVA) in the amblyopic eye improved from 0.05 to 0.5 (Sloan chart). One year after finishing the visual training, the BCDVA experienced a slight decrease to 0.4 (Sloan chart). Through the visual training, the patient gradually developed stereopsis. Likewise, changes were also detected after visual therapy on functional magnetic resonance imaging while the patient was viewing 2D and 3D stimuli. The preliminary results of this case show the potential of using virtual reality-based visual training as a treatment for adult amblyopia.

scholarly journals Can ocular dominance plasticity provide a general index to visual plasticity to personalize treatment in amblyopia?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunwen Tao ◽  
Zhifen He ◽  
Yiya Chen ◽  
Jiawei Zhou ◽  
Robert F. Hess
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cortical Plasticity ◽  
Ocular Dominance ◽  
Monocular Deprivation ◽  
Homeostatic Plasticity ◽  
Ocular Dominance Plasticity ◽  
Anisometropic Amblyopia ◽  
Occlusion Therapy ◽  
General Index ◽  
Before And After

AbstractPurposeRecently, Lunghi et al showed that amblyopic eye’s visual acuity per se after 2 months of occlusion therapy could be predicted by a homeostatic plasticity, i.e., the temporary shift of ocular dominance observed after a 2-hour monocular deprivation, in children with anisometropic amblyopia(Lunghi et al., 2016). In this study, we assess whether the visual acuity improvement of the amblyopic eye measured after 2 months of occlusion therapy could be predicted by this plasticity.MethodsSeven children (6.86 ± 1.46 years old; SD) with anisometropic amblyopia participated in this study. All patients were newly diagnosed and had no treatment history before participating in our study. They had finished 2 months of refractive adaptation and then received a 4-hour daily fellow eye patching therapy with an opaque patch for a 2-month period. Best-corrected visual acuity of the amblyopic eye was measured before and after the patching therapy. The homeostatic plasticity was assessed by measuring the temporary shift of ocular dominance observed after 2 hours of occlusion for the amblyopic eye before the treatment started. A binocular phase combination paradigm was used for this test.ResultsWe found that there was no significant correlation between the temporary shift of ocular dominance observed after 2 hours of occlusion for the amblyopic eye before the treatment started and the visual acuity gain obtained by the amblyopic eye from 2-month of classical patching therapy. This result involving the short-term patching of the amblyopic eye is consistent with a reanalysis of Lunghi et al’ s data.ConclusionsOcular dominance plasticity does not provide an index of cortical plasticity in the general sense such that it could be used to predict acuity outcomes from longer term classical patching.

Binocular treatment in adult amblyopia is based on parvocellular or magnocellular pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 658-667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liu Shuai ◽  
Zou Leilei ◽  
Wen Wen ◽  
Wang Shu ◽  
Liu Gangsheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Perceptual Learning ◽  
Contrast Sensitivity ◽  
Critical Period ◽  
Magnocellular Pathway ◽  
Strabismic Amblyopia ◽  
Anisometropic Amblyopia ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: Amblyopia is speculated to be an untreatable disease in the patient, who is beyond the critical period of vision; however, currently, it is treatable in adults. Purpose: This study aimed to elucidate whether the treatment is useful in both anisometropic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia. In addition, the differences were detected between anisometropic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia after the same perceptual treatment and whether the suppression in anisometropic amblyopia or strabismic amblyopia could be decreased before and after the treatment. Methods: A binocular perceptual learning was applied for the treatment, the suppression was measured, and the patients were followed up for 2 months after training. Anisometropic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia groups were subjected to the assessment of stereo, visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and suppression before and after the training. Results: After 6 weeks of “Diploma Gabor Orientation Coherence” training, in the anisometropic amblyopia group, the outcomes of visual acuity (t = 3.114, p = 0.026) and contrast sensitivity (t = 7.786, p = 0.001) were increased significantly. While in the strabismic amblyopia group, the outcomes of stereo (t = 2.987, p = 0.040) and contrast sensitivity (t = 3.638, p = 0.022) were increased significantly. Conclusion: After Diploma Gabor Orientation Coherence training in the same frequency and in the same duration, the anisometropic amblyopia group got an improvement in visual acuity, but the strabismic amblyopia group got an improvement in stereo. As there are evidences to show that anisometropic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia were injured in different pathways, we think the diverse results might come from the different pathway injury in anisometropic amblyopia and strabismic amblyopia.

scholarly journals Benefits of Virtual Reality Used in Vestibular Rehabilitation in Adult and Elderly Individuals with Dizziness

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria da Glória Canto de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Video Game ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vestibular Rehabilitation ◽  
Language Intervention ◽  
Psychosocial Disorders ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: Aging brings about several changes in health in the elderly. Dizziness is one of the symptoms most commonly found in this age group, causing psychosocial disorders in the daily activities. Objective: To assess the benefits of virtual reality by using the video game X-Box 360, in the vestibular rehabilitation of affected individuals of dizziness. Materials and Methods: The research consists of an observational study of the quantitative type of exploratory and descriptive character. The participants were five individuals of both genders, with a mean age of 59.6 year, subject to fulfillment of Kinect games and Kinect Sport Adventure the X-Box 360, and evaluated by comparing the scores of Dizzines Handicap interventory - DHI before and after intervention. Results: 80% of participants are female, the gender and age did not influence the improvement of quality of life, 80% had reduction of DHI in the physical, functional and emotional domain and consequently improved quality of life. Conclusion: The language intervention with patients with dizziness, through the video game X-Box 360, provided improvement in the quality of life of patients surveyed.

scholarly journals The Impact of a Multitasking-Based Virtual Reality Motion Video Game on the Cognitive and Physical Abilities of Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 9106
Author(s):  
Xiaoxuan Li ◽  
Kavous Salehzadeh Niksirat ◽  
Shanshan Chen ◽  
Dongdong Weng ◽  
Sayan Sarcar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Physical Health ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Motion Video

This study demonstrates how playing a well-designed multitasking motion video game in a virtual reality (VR) environment can positively impact the cognitive and physical health of older players. We developed a video game that combines cognitive and physical training in a VR environment. The impact of playing the game was measured through a four-week longitudinal experiment. Twenty healthy older adults were randomly assigned to either an intervention group (i.e., game training) or a control group (i.e., no contact). Participants played three 45-min sessions per week completing cognitive tests for attention, working memory, reasoning and a test for physical balance before and after the intervention. Results showed that compared to the control group, the game group showed significant improvements in working memory and a potential for enhancing reasoning and balance ability. Furthermore, while the older adults enjoyed playing the video game, ability enhancements were associated with their intrinsic motivation to play. Overall, cognitive training with multitasking VR motion video games has positive impacts on the cognitive and physical health of older adults.

Frustration and Violence in Mobile Video Games

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Petr Květon ◽  
Martin Jelínek
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Implicit Association Test ◽  
Self Determination Theory ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Basic Psychological Needs ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Mobile Video ◽  
Violent Content ◽  
Before And After

Abstract. This study tests two competing hypotheses, one based on the general aggression model (GAM), the other on the self-determination theory (SDT). GAM suggests that the crucial factor in video games leading to increased aggressiveness is their violent content; SDT contends that gaming is associated with aggression because of the frustration of basic psychological needs. We used a 2×2 between-subject experimental design with a sample of 128 undergraduates. We assigned each participant randomly to one experimental condition defined by a particular video game, using four mobile video games differing in the degree of violence and in the level of their frustration-invoking gameplay. Aggressiveness was measured using the implicit association test (IAT), administered before and after the playing of a video game. We found no evidence of an association between implicit aggressiveness and violent content or frustrating gameplay.

Only problem gamblers spend less money when loot boxes are removed from a game: A before and after study of Heroes of the Storm

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Zendle
Keyword(s):  
Video Games ◽  
Problem Gambling ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Real World ◽  
Complex Pattern ◽  
Problem Gamblers ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Gambling Severity ◽  
Reliable Correlation ◽  
Before And After Study

Loot boxes are items in video games that may be paid for with real-world money, but which contain randomised contents. There is a reliable correlation between loot box spending and problem gambling severity: The more money gamers spend on loot boxes, the more severe their problem gambling tends to be. However, it is unclear whether this link represents a case in which loot box spending causes problem gambling; a case in which the gambling-like nature of loot boxes cause problem gamblers to spend more money; or whether it simply represents a case in which there is a general dysregulation in in-game spending amongst problem gamblers, nonspecific to loot boxes.The multiplayer video game Heroes of the Storm recently removed loot boxes. In order to better understand links between loot boxes and problem gambling, we conducted an analysis of players of Heroes of the Storm (n=112) both before and after the removal of loot boxes.There were a complex pattern of results. In general, when loot boxes were removed from Heroes of the Storm, problem gamblers appeared to spend significantly less money in-game in contrast to other groups. These results suggest that the presence of loot boxes in a game may lead to problem gamblers spending more money in-game. It therefore seems possible that links between loot box spending and problem gambling are not due to a general dysregulation in in-game spending amongst problem gamblers, but rather are to do with specific features of loot boxes themselves.

CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND RESULTS OF CATARACT SURGERY IN THE SMALL PUPIL EYE BY PHACOEMUSIFICATION

2018 ◽  
pp. 79-82
Author(s):  
Van Minh Pham ◽  
Van Nam Phan ◽  
Thi Thu Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Cataract Surgery ◽  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Low Vision ◽  
Sample Selection ◽  
Posterior Chamber ◽  
Good Visual Acuity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Grade Ii ◽  
Small Pupil

Objectives: To investigate the clinical characteristics of cataract patients with small pupils and to evaluate the result of cataract surgery on the eye have small pupils by phacotechnique. Subjects and methods: Descriptive study, prospective, uncontrolled interventions. Sample selection. The sample size of 70 patients with 70 eyes of cataracts with small pupils was treated by phaco technique and intraocular lens implant within posterior chamber. Follow up to 3 months. Results: 70 eyes, the percentage of men and women was not different from 54.2% (38 male) compared to 45.8% (32 female). The mean age was 80 ± 8.74, from 58 to 99 years. The disease was mainly found in the age group over 70 years old with over 80% (51.5%). Visual acuity before surgery was very poor under 3m CF (count finger) for 68.6% (48/70). Visual acuity over 1/10 was only a small amount with 2.8% (2 eyes). Pseudoexfoliation was the most common reason complications of mydriasis with 32/70 eyes (45.7%) and 22/70 eyes (31.4%) for age. The preoperative pupilarysizewas mostly small with 63/70 eyes (90.0%), non-dilated pupils (7/70 eyes) (10.0%). Average pupil size was 3.34 mm (2 - 4mm). Iris condition: iris atrophy 20/10 eyes (28.6%), iris synechiae 11/10 (15.7%), irregular iris muscle with 51, 4% and good iris muscle accounted for 48.6%. Grade of cataract: Grade III: 31/70 eyes (44.3%), Grade IV: 32/70 eyes (45.7%), Grade II: 5/70 eyes (7.1%) and V:2/70 eyes (2.9%). Pupil expander technique: OVD injection with 42/70 eyes (60%), using iris hook with 23/70 eyes (32.9%). Pupillary size before and after intervention has changed from 3.7mm to 4.48mm. Conclusions: Iris expander techniques have been shown to have good dilated pupils: 60.0% OVD injection, iris hook was 32.9%, other methods 7.1% One-week visibility of good visual acuity was higher than that of postoperative one day (12.2%) and increased at 1 month and 3 months (20.0%). Very good visual acuity was not available and low vision group was 1.4% after 3 months. Key words: cataract surgery; phacoemusification, small pupil

STUDY CLINICAL FEATURE AND RESULT OF TREATMENT PHACOMORPHIC GLAUCOMA

2015 ◽  
pp. 71-75
Author(s):  
Van Nam Phan ◽  
Ba Ken Tran
Keyword(s):  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Corneal Edema ◽  
Clinical Feature ◽  
Anterior Chamber Angle ◽  
Male Population ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Operative Complications ◽  
Before And After

Purpose: Study clinical feature of phacomorphic glaucoma. To evaluate the result of treatment phacomorphic glaucoma. Method: The retrospective, interventional study on 36 cases with phacomorphic glaucoma who underwent treated at Hue Central Hospital from 6/2010 to 6/2011. Standard of research: visual, IOP, before and after surgery, accompanying lesions and post-operative complications. The surgery is considered successful when postoperative IOP less than 21 mmHg. Results: Age 50-59 presented 30.5 percent, ≥ 60 presented 91.7 percent. There was a slight female preponderance (66.7%) compared to the male population (33.3%) which implies a statistically marginally significant difference. However there was no statistical significance difference when compared by the two subgroups. Patient in country presented 61,1% and city presented 38,9%. The duration between the onset of pain and surgery from 0 to < 5 days (77.8%), from 6 to 10 (16.7%) and >10 days presented 5.5%. The preoperative intraocular pressure 35 to 45mmHg (47.2%), 46-55 (30.6%), 56-65 (13.9%) and more than 65 presented 8.3%. The visual acuity preoperation less than 1metre count finger (94.5%), less than 3 metre count finger presented 5.5%. Close anterior chamber angle presented 80.6% and shallow was presented 19.4%. Corneal edema presented 100%, iritis presented 94.4%, dilated pupil larger 5mm presented 83.3%, Synchynea iris and cataract presented 72.2%. ECCE, implantation IOL combined trabeculectomy presented 11.1%, Phaco, implantation IOL combined trabeculectomy presented 69,5%, ECCE implantation IOL presented 5.6%, Phaco, implantation IOL presented 13.8%. Postoperative visual acuity from 1/10 to 5/10 presented 72.2%, no case have VA larger than 5/10. Postoperative 3 months VA 1/10 to 5/10 presented 72.2%, larger VA 5/10 presented 8.3%. Postoperative 3 months intraocular pressure ≤ 21mmHg presented 91.7%, 22 to 24mmHg presented 8.3%, no case have IOP ≥25mmHg. Postoperative edema presented 58.3%, iritis presented 58.3%. Key words: phacomorphic Glaucoma

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