scholarly journals Dynamics of maximum oxygen consumption in middle-distance runners in a one-year training cycle

2021 ◽  
pp. 94-98
Author(s):  
Dariа Piatnytska ◽  
Olga Sokoliuk ◽  
Liudmyla Shesterova ◽  
Irina Luchentsova
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Relative Reduction ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
High School Athletics ◽  
Training Cycle ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Preparatory Stage ◽  
One Year ◽  
Women In Sports

Purpose of the work: to study the dynamics of the indexes of maximal oxygen consumption in a one-year cycle of training in skilled runners who combine 800 and 400 m distances. Methods and materials: theoretical analysis and generalization of literary sources, analysis of documentary materials, submaximal Valunda-Schestrand test (PWC170), pedagogical experiment and methods of mathematical statistics. The research was conducted on the basis of the School of High School athletics of Kharkov. There were 5 boys and 5 girls who are 17-23 years old (4 - Candidates Master of Sports and 6 – athletes of the first category). In the course of the work it was established that the indexes of maximal oxygen consumption of athletes is changing with the growth of their training. It was found that the boys’ level of maximal oxygen consumption changes more significantly in the process of their training than in the process of girls’ training. This can be explained by lower aerobic productivity (power), which is reflected in lower results of women in sports with predominant manifestation of endurance. This factor explains the relative reduction of record results with increasing distance. It is marked that under the influence of training loads of a special preparatory stage of the preparatory period, the indices of maximal oxygen consumption of girls did not change.

Running economy and its correlation to performance and fitness variables in recreationally-trained distance runners

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
B.N. Bozzini ◽  
J.K. Pellegrino ◽  
A.J. Walker ◽  
B.A. McFadden ◽  
A.N. Poyssick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Running Economy ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Fat Percentage ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Physiological Capacity

Specific physiological attributes such as maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) and running economy (RE) have been suggested to help predict long distance performance in endurance athletes. Despite this, investigations of RE have yielded conflicting results, particularly when comparing elite and recreational runners. The purpose of this study was to illustrate correlations between RE, expressed as submaximal oxygen consumption at a given speed, and time trial (TT) performance in addition to various fitness markers in endurance-trained individuals. Trained distance runners (n=21) performed a battery of tests over three sessions to provide measurements of RE at 2.68 m/s (RE2.68) and 4.25 m/s (RE4.25), TT performance, VO2max, velocity at ventilatory threshold (VVT), and body composition. Pearson-product moment correlations, defined as weak (r≥0.25), moderate (r≥0.45), and strong (r≥0.65), were calculated among all measures and significance was set at P<0.05. The findings suggested that faster TT performance was significantly (P<0.05) correlated to a higher VO2max (r=-0.86) and lower body fat percentage (BF%; r=0.78). However, TT performance displayed only a weak trend to RE4.25 (r=-0.40, P=0.07) and was not correlated to RE2.68 (r=0.15; P>0.05). Additionally, better RE4.25 (i.e. decreased submaximal oxygen consumption) was associated with a lower VO2max (r=0.66, P<0.05) and an increased BF% (r=-0.46, P<0.05). RE2.68 revealed no significant relationships with these measures. Comparable to their elite counterparts, higher aerobic capacity is strongly linked to performance in recreational distance runners, though in this cohort RE only weakly related to performance at the faster velocity. Finally, the inverse relationship between markers of overall fitness and RE suggests that enhanced RE may be an adaptive response to a limited physiological capacity in this population.

Comparison of energy expenditure elevations after submaximal and supramaximal running

1997 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 661-666 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Laforgia ◽  
R. T. Withers ◽  
N. J. Shipp ◽  
C. J. Gore
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Energy Expenditure ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Oxygen Cost ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Total Oxygen ◽  
Rest Periods ◽  
Excess Postexercise Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Continuous Running

Laforgia, J., R. T. Withers, N. J. Shipp, and C. J. Gore.Comparison of energy expenditure elevations after submaximal and supramaximal running. J. Appl. Physiol. 82(2): 661–666, 1997.—Although exercise intensity has been identified as a major determinant of the excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), no studies have compared the EPOC after submaximal continuous running and supramaximal interval running. Eight male middle-distance runners [age = 21.1 ± 3.1 (SD) yr; mass = 67.8 ± 5.1 kg; maximal oxygen consumption (V˙o 2 max) = 69.2 ± 4.0 ml ⋅ kg−1 ⋅ min−1] therefore completed two equated treatments of treadmill running (continuous running: 30 min at 70%V˙o 2 max; interval running: 20 × 1-min intervals at 105%V˙o 2 max with intervening 2-min rest periods) and a control session (no exercise) in a counterbalanced research design. The 9-h EPOC values were 6.9 ± 3.8 and 15.0 ± 3.3 liters ( t-test: P = 0.001) for the submaximal and supramaximal treatments, respectively. These values represent 7.1 and 13.8% of the net total oxygen cost of both treatments. Notwithstanding the higher EPOC for supramaximal interval running compared with submaximal continuous running, the major contribution of both to weight loss is therefore via the energy expended during the actual exercise.

Leptin is related to body fat content in male distance runners

1996 ◽  
Vol 271 (5) ◽  
pp. E938-E940 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Hickey ◽  
R. V. Considine ◽  
R. G. Israel ◽  
T. L. Mahar ◽  
M. R. McCammon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Acute Exercise ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Detectable Effect ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Body Fat Content

Leptin, the product of the ob gene, has been reported to be related to body fat in humans (Considine et al. N. Engl. J. Med. 334: 292, 1996). However, little is known about the physiology of this putative satiety signal in humans. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether leptin is related to body fat content in relatively lean endurance-trained adults. In addition, the effect of acute exercise on circulating leptin concentration was studied. Thirteen male runners, whose mean age, height, weight, %fat, and maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max) were 32.2 +/- 2.5 yr, 176.2 +/- 1.6 cm, 71.9 +/- 6.9 kg, 9.7 +/- 0.9%, and 62.9 +/- 2.2 ml.kg-1.min-1, respectively, were studied. Blood samples were obtained after an overnight fast and again immediately after the completion of a 20-mile run at 70% VO2max under controlled environmental conditions. Serum leptin was closely related to fat mass (r = 0.92) in the runners. Acute exercise had no detectable effect on serum leptin levels (PRE = 2.19 +/- 0.32 ng/ml, POST = 2.14 +/- 0.36 ng/ml). These data indicate that, even at a biological extreme of body fat, circulating leptin concentration is closely related to fat content. Furthermore, the data suggest that, in trained individuals with low leptin concentrations, acute exhaustive exercise has no immediate effect on circulating leptin concentration.

scholarly journals Physical fitness of paramedic students during vocational training - a follow-up study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Heikki Paakkonen ◽  
Joachim Ring ◽  
Jyrki Kettunen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Physical Fitness ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Home Exercise ◽  
One Year

<p align="left">Introduction: Paramedics’ work includes periods of physically light activity, but also involves short periods of relatively intense physical activity.  Even during their studies paramedic students’ days involve a lot of sitting, i.e. physically sedentary behaviour. We initiated a programme to motivate paramedic students to be physically active during their studies. In this study we report physical fitness among paramedic students who for one year participated in brief physical activity counselling consisting of both verbal and a written individually tailored exercise program</p><p align="left">Methods: A total of 40 paramedic students (26 female, 14 male) had participated voluntarily in a physical activity programme alongside their studies. Subjects’ maximal oxygen consumption and muscle strength were measured at baseline and at one-year follow-up. According to the results of the baseline tests all students were given an individual exercise programme, which included aerobic and muscle strength training.</p><p align="left">Results: Sixty-five percent (26/40) of the students participated in the follow-up examinations. At baseline male students had higher mean maximal oxygen consumption (VO<sub>2Max</sub>) and, as expected, greater absolute muscle strength than their female counterparts (all p-values &lt;0.05). During the follow-up females had improved their VO<sub>2Max</sub> on average by 2.4 ml/kg/min. Furthermore, females on average improved the number of squats  by 4.2 [95% Confidence Interval (CI) 0.01 to 8.33] repetitions, and males improved the number of push-ups (mean improvement 4.8, 95% CI 1.93 to 7.57), and left arm grip strength (mean improvement 4.0 kg, 95% CI 1.39 to 6.53).</p><p align="left">Conclusions: It seems to be possible to maintain, and even slightly improve paramedic students’ physical fitness with a self-directed, guided, home exercise programme. This approach could enhance prospective paramedics’ willingness to develop the necessary physical qualities long-term throughout their clinical careers. </p>

scholarly journals Prevalence of ACSL (rs6552828) polymorphism among runners

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Sigal Ben-Zaken ◽  
Yoav Meckel ◽  
Dan Nemet ◽  
Alon Eliakim
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Genetic Basis ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Professional Athletes ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
The Common

The ACSL A/G polymorphism is associated with endurance trainability. Previous studies have demonstrated that homozygotes of the minor AA allele had a reduced maximal oxygen consumption response to training compared to the common GG allele homozygotes, and that the ACSL A/G single nucleotide polymorphism explained 6.1% of the variance in the VO2max response to endurance training. The contribution of ACSL single nucleotide polymorphism to endurance trainability was shown in nonathletes, however, its potential role in professional athletes is not clear. Moreover, the genetic basis to anaerobic trainability is even less studied. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to examine the prevalence of ACSL single nucleotide polymorphism among professional Israeli long distance runners (n=59), middle distance runners (n=31), sprinters and jumpers (n=48) and non-athletic controls (n=60). The main finding of the present study was that the ACSL1 AA genotype, previously shown to be associated with reduced endurance trainability, was not higher among sprinters and jumpers (15%) compared to middle- (16%) and long-distance runners (15%). This suggests that in contrast to previous studies indicating that the ACSL1 single nucleotide polymorphism may influence endurance trainability among non-athletic individuals, the role of this polymorphism among professional athletes is still not clear.

β-Adrenergic receptor number in human lymphocytes is inversely correlated with aerobic capacity

1998 ◽  
Vol 274 (6) ◽  
pp. E1106-E1112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nobuharu Fujii ◽  
Sachiko Homma ◽  
Fumio Yamazaki ◽  
Ryoko Sone ◽  
Takeshi Shibata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
Adrenergic Receptor ◽  
Ventilatory Threshold ◽  
Human Lymphocytes ◽  
Mrna Level ◽  
Maximal Oxygen Consumption ◽  
Subsequent Degradation ◽  
Intracellular Compartments ◽  
Model Cell

In the present study, the relationships between β-adrenergic receptor (β-AR) expression and aerobic capacity evaluated by maximal oxygen consumption ([Formula: see text]) and oxygen consumption level at ventilatory threshold (V˙o 2@VT) were investigated. Seventeen physically untrained and 25 trained men participated in the study. After supine resting, the peripheral blood was sampled for preparation of lymphocytes, the model cell used to analyze the β-AR state. The total number of β-AR in lymphocytes (β-ARtotal) was inversely correlated with theV˙o 2 max( r = −0.368; P < 0.05) and theV˙o 2@VT ( r = −0.359; P < 0.05). Similar relationships were also observed between the number of β-AR in cell surface and both V˙o 2 max( r = −0.491; P < 0.05) andV˙o 2@VT ( r = −0.498; P < 0.05). However, no correlation was obtained between the number of β-AR in intracellular compartments and eitherV˙o 2 max orV˙o 2@VT. The β2-AR mRNA level quantified by the use of competitive reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was inversely correlated withV˙o 2@VT ( r = −0.567; P < 0.05) and positively correlated with β-ARtotal( r = 0.521; P < 0.05). These findings suggest that the β-AR number in lymphocytes is inversely correlated with aerobic capacity. This relationship may be explained by downregulation of β-AR, including internalization with subsequent degradation of the receptors and inhibition of the β-AR biosynthesis.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document