The Relationship between Fall-related Activity Restriction and Functional Fitness in Elderly Women.

ABSTRACT Objectives: to identify the main doubts regarding the immediate postoperative care of patients with orofacial clefts undergoing orthognathic surgery. Methods: cross-sectional, quantitative study, developed in a public and tertiary hospital, between November 2017 and May 2018. Data collection occurred through interviews during the preoperative nursing consultation. An instrument was used to describe doubts, which later were grouped according to the subject. Results: 48 patients participated. The doubts referred to sun exposure (56%), food/mastication (48%), the relationship between intermaxillary block-breathing-vomiting (48%), oral hygiene (31%), physical activity restriction (27%), nasopharyngeal cannula, removal of surgical stitches, hospitalization time and speech/communication (23%), bleeding, cryotherapy, facial massage, aesthetic and functional results, healing, edema/ecchymosis, postoperative pain, and changes in facial sensitivity (21%). Conclusions: the doubts were related to food, the period of convalescence, care for the surgical wound, postoperative complications, and medications.

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The Relationship between Health Literacy and Physical Activity Level of Elderly Women in the City of Urmia

Journal of Health Literacy ◽

10.18869/acadpub.jhl.2.1.12 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 12-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Friborz Fathi ◽

Morteza Rezaee Sofi ◽

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Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Health Literacy ◽

Physical Activity Level ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Activity Level ◽

The Relationship ◽

The City

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Enhancing GABAergic Tone in the Rostral Nucleus of the Solitary Tract Reconfigures Sensorimotor Neural Activity

10.1101/2020.02.20.958199 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Joshua D. Sammons ◽

Caroline E. Bass ◽

Jonathan D. Victor ◽

Patricia M. Di Lorenzo

Keyword(s):

Neural Activity ◽

Inhibitory Activity ◽

Nucleus Tractus Solitarius ◽

Artificial Saliva ◽

Experimental Chamber ◽

Response Patterns ◽

Related Activity ◽

Electrophysiological Recordings ◽

Rostral Nucleus ◽

The Relationship

ABSTRACTRecent work has shown that most cells in the rostral, gustatory portion of the nucleus tractus solitarius (rNTS) in awake, freely licking rats show lick-related firing. However, the relationship between taste-related and lick-related activity in rNTS remains unclear. Here, we tested if GABA-derived inhibitory activity regulates the balance of lick- and taste-driven neuronal activity. Combinatorial viral tools were used to restrict expression of ChR2-EYFP to GAD1+ GABAergic neurons. Viral infusions were bilateral in rNTS. 2-4wks later, an optical fiber attached to 8-16 drivable microwires was implanted into the rNTS. After recovery, water-deprived rats were presented with taste stimuli in an experimental chamber. Trials were 5 consecutive taste licks [NaCl, KCl, NH4Cl, sucrose, MSG/IMP, citric acid, quinine, or artificial saliva (AS)] separated by 5 AS licks on a VR5 schedule. Each taste lick triggered a 1s train of laser light (25Hz; 473nm; 8-10mW) in a random half of the trials. In all, 113 cells were recorded in the rNTS, 50 responded to one or more taste stimuli without GABA enhancement. Selective changes in response magnitude (spike count) within cells shifted across unit patterns but preserved inter-stimulus relationships. Cells where enhanced GABAergic tone increased lick coherence conveyed more information distinguishing basic taste qualities and different salts than other cells. In addition, GABA activation significantly amplified the amount of information that discriminated palatable vs. unpalatable tastants. By dynamically regulating lick coherence and remodeling the across-unit response patterns to taste, enhancing GABAergic tone in rNTS reconfigures the neural activity reflecting sensation and movement.Significance StatementThe rostral nucleus tractus solitarius (rNTS) is the first structure in the central gustatory pathway. Electrophysiological recordings from the rNTS in awake, freely-licking animals show that cells in this area have lick- as well as taste-related activity, but the relationship between these characteristics is not well understood. Here, we showed evidence that GABA activation can dynamically regulate both of these two properties in rNTS cells to enhance the information conveyed, especially about palatable vs. unpalatable tastants. These data provide insights into the role of inhibitory activity in the rNTS.

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