scholarly journals Seasonal influences on the levels of particulate Cd, Cr and Pb in Kuantan River, Pahang

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamaruzzaman Yunus ◽  
Fikriah Faudzi ◽  
Mohd Fuad Miskon ◽  
Mokhlesur Rahman ◽  
Asnor A. S.
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Correlation Matrix ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Toxic Element ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Particulate Metals ◽  
Temporal And Spatial

Introduction: Temporal and spatial variations of selected toxic element distributions were studied in the Kuantan River waters. Methods: Water samples from 9 sampling stations were taken from downstream of the estuary towards the upstream of the Kuantan River during the rainy and dry season. Particulate Cd, Cr and Pb were filtered, dried, weighed and analyzed using Teflon Bomb digestion processes. Results: The concentration of particulate Cd, Cr and Pb were in the range of ND to 14.480 mg L-1 , 6.047 to 271.497 mg L1 and 0.646 to 174.859 mg L-1 , respectively. The distribution of the elements in suspended particulate matter was found influenced by the rainy season and dry season. Particulate metals obtained mostly higher in May 2012 (dry season) while Cd and Cr were found above the limits authorize by the International Commission for the Protection of the Rhine against Pollution (ICPR). Conclusions: Correlation matrix between various parameters revealed that most of the parameters were found to bear a statistically significant correlation with each other.

scholarly journals Impact of Old and Recent Gold Mining Sites on Mercury Fluxes in Suspended Particulate Matter, Water and Sediment in French Guiana

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (21) ◽  
pp. 7829
Author(s):  
Jennifer Hellal ◽  
Jörg Schäfer ◽  
Régis Vigouroux ◽  
Laurent Lanceleur ◽  
Valérie Laperche
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Gold Mining ◽  
French Guiana ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Mining Sites ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Current Impact ◽  
Tailing Ponds

In 2006 the use of mercury (Hg) was banned for gold mining in French Guiana. However, mining of old placers could mobilize Hg accumulated in soils and sediment. This study aimed to measure the current impact of a mining concession (Boulanger site) on the Hg load in the watershed. Turbidity, Total Mercury (THg), and Monomethylmercury (MMHg) were measured in water, suspended particulate matter (SPM), river sediment and sediments from old tailing ponds along a river section of 30 km up and downstream from a mining concession in French Guiana during a dry and a rainy season. Total dissolved Hg (THgD) concentrations varied little from up- to down-stream but were all higher (fourfold on average) during the rainy season (3.2 to 4.4 ng L−1), than during the dry season and consistent with previous data known for the Amazonian area. Dissolved MMHg (MMHgD) represented up to 30% of THgD during the dry season, which is higher than previous results (typically around 2%). Mercury concentrations in sediments were highest in the vicinity of areas affected by old (before 2006) rather than new gold mining practices. Even though Hg was banned in 2006, present gold mining practices still release natural Hg and Hg inherited from older mining practices into the watershed.

scholarly journals SEDIMENT AND SUSPENDED PARTICULATE MATTER OF JAKARTA BAY, INDONESIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iwan G. Tejakusuma ◽  
Seno Adi ◽  
M.S Nugrahadi ◽  
Rahmania D. ◽  
T. Yanagi
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Anthropogenic Influence ◽  
Northern Coast ◽  
Sediment Distribution ◽  
Black Clay ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Shell Fragments

Jakarta Bay is a semi enclosed bay located in the northern coast of Jakarta Metropolitan City. Hydrologically 13 rivers flowing in the Jakarta region and there are three big rivers with significant discharge to the Jakarta Bay namely Citarum, Ciliwung, and Cisadane Rivers. Jakarta, as Indonesian capital city with population of 8.725.630 inhabitants, and another 15 million people live in the surrounded suburban of Jakarta, creates a significant anthropogenic impact to the environmental system. Limited infrastructures, such as no sewerage system and lack of industrial waste management, cause the rivers in this region have over their carrying capacity.Seventeen sampling stations were determined in the Jakarta Bay, consisting of 5 stations at the river mouths (estuaries) and other 12 stations in the bay spreading from the coastal to offshore areas. Water and sediment samples were taken during 2 monsoonal or seasonal variations, August 2006 for dry season and February 2007 for rainy season respectively. Additionally, samples were also taken in May 2007.Sediment distribution in the estuary consists mostly of black clay. The sediments clays were bad smell. In the coastal region and in the dry season, the sediments consists of black clay and at one sampling site (station S3) the sediment was bad smell. However, all sampling sites became bad smell in the rainy season. In the inner bay area, sediments were greyish green sandy clay with some shell fragments. In the outer bay, the sediments were dominated by greyish green clayey sand with some shell fragments. The black clay with bad smell is indicative of anthropogenic influence from Jakarta River Basin. C/N ratio of the sediments in the dry season ranged from 1 to about 4.2 where in the estuaries (at stations M1, M2 and M4) the ratio were higher compared to the inner and outer bays. The C/N ratio of suspended particulate matter ranged from the lowest ratio of 0.7 to the highest ratio of 17.7 at the bottom layer and lesser ranged of 0.7 to 9.8 at  surface layer. POC concentrations ranged between 50-650 µM and 50-900 µM, in February and May, respectively. High concentrations of POC exists along the coastline or estuaries then decreasing toward the sea. POC is distributed widely in February than that in May due to higher discharge from the rivers. The average TOC concentrations in February is lower than that in May, but the TOC load in February was much higher than that in May due to the big differences of river discharge and because the samples were taken a week after the big flood in Jakarta area (February 4th - 6th, 2007). Total organic carbon fluxes from the river to the bay in February and May 2007 were 107.6 T /day C and 42.7 T /day C, respectively. Key words : sediment, anthropogenic influence, C/N Ratio, POC, TOC, flux

scholarly journals Monitoring And Distribution Of Organochlorine Pesticides, Polychlorinated Biphenyls And Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons In Surface River Water And Suspended Particulate Matter

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-129
Author(s):  
M.V. MILYUKIN ◽  
M.V. Gorban ◽  
M.M. Skrynnyk
Keyword(s):  
Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Polychlorinated Biphenyls ◽  
Organochlorine Pesticides ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Aromatic Hydrocarbons ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
River Waters ◽  
Suspended Particulate ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

The monitoring results of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in Ukranian and world surface river waters were summarized. Total concentrations of OCPs, PCBs and PAHs in surface waters of Ukrainian rivers (Dnieper and Dniester) were 1.4–17.1; 2.8–57.2; 7.5–378.6 ng/dm3 , respectively. These pollution levels are medium on a global scale. Higher concentrations were recorded in the surface water of China, India and other Asian countries. Distribution of these organic ecotoxicants between water and suspended particulate matter (dispersionphase distribution) was analyzed and it was shown that in the majority of river waters ≥50% of them are associated with suspended particles. By the case of River Dnieper antibate correlations between watersoluble parts of individual OCPs, PCBs and PAHs and coefficient of their hydrophobicity were recorded. These correlations were presented graphically. In addition, relevant correlation coefficients and criterions of probability were calculated. The clearest correlation was established for PCBs.

scholarly journals Contamination Levels of Organochlorine and Organophosphorous Pesticide Residues in Water and Sediment from River Owena, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Yetunde A. Adeshina ◽  
Akinnawo Solomon ◽  
Aiyesanmi F. Ademola
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Pesticide Residues ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Sediment Samples ◽  
Water And Sediment ◽  
Organophosphorous Pesticide ◽  
Contamination Levels

River Owena functions as the source of water for the Owena dam which supplies drinking water to the communities in the region, the river also plays an important economic role in irrigation and fish farming in the region. But there has been an indiscriminate used of pesticide because residents of the study area are not well orientated concerning the negative impact of pesticide in the environment. Analysis of organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticide residues was carried out in water and sediment from river Owena, the objective of the research is to determine the contamination levels of organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticide in the water and sediment of river Owena. Analysis was carried out using gas chromatography coupled with electron capture detector in order to identify and quantify the concentration of organochlorine and organophosphorous pesticide in the water and sediment samples from river Owena. Analysis revealed the contamination of water and sediment with organophosphorous pesticide residues at different contamination levels in both dry and rainy season, while a low levels of organochlorine pesticide residues only during the dry season. The TOPP for sediment samples ranges from 1.045mg/L during the dry season and 2.279mg/L during the rainy season, while the TOPP for water samples ranges from 7.163mg/L during the dry season to 7.83mg/L during the rainy season. The TOCP values ranges from 1.288mg/L to 0.015mg/L for sediment and water samples respectively during the dry season, while organochlorine pesticides were not detected during the rainy season. The occurrence and seasonal variation of organophosphorous pesticide residues in river Owena can be attributed to the intense agricultural and urban activities in the vicinity of river Owena. 

scholarly journals Genotoxicity and Mutagenicity of Suspended Particulate Matter of River Water and Waste Water Samples

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 1036-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Reifferscheid ◽  
Britta v. Oepen
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
River Water ◽  
Suspended Particulate Matter ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Suspended Particulate

Suspended particulate matter of samples of river water and waste water treatment plants was tested for genotoxicity and mutagenicity using the standardized umu assay and two versions of the Ames microsuspension assay. The study tries to determine the entire DNA-damaging potential of the water samples and the distribution of DNA-damaging substances among the liquid phase and solid phase. Responsiveness and sensitivity of the bioassays are compared.

scholarly journals Effects of Depth and Seasons on the Physicochemical and Bacteriological Quality of Selected Well Water Samples in Awka Urban, Anambra State, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-28
Author(s):  
M. U. Orji ◽  
S. C. Onuorah ◽  
M. O. Ifemeje ◽  
O. R. Umeh
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Salmonella Typhi ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Frequency Of Occurrence ◽  
Proteus Vulgaris ◽  
Anambra State ◽  
Dry Seasons

Background: The people of Awka urban show an increasing trend of using well water resulting to unreliable and quality-compromised water supply. Aim: Effects of depth and seasons on the physicochemical and bacteriological quality of selected well water samples in Awka urban, Anambra State was conducted to determine their quality and suitability for domestic uses. A total of thirty shallow and deep well water samples were collected during the rainy and dry seasons. Methods: Physicochemical analysis was carried out using standard analytical methods. The total bacterial count was determined by dilution method. Results: Some of the physicochemical parameters (PH, dissolved oxygen, nitrate, cadmium, lead and arsenic) exceeded the World Health Organization maximum containment levels indicating that the samples were unfit for domestic uses. The bacterial counts ranged from 2.66 to 3.26 logcfu/ml during the rainy season and 2.54 to 3.20 logcfu/ml during the dry season. The total coliform counts also exceeded the W.H.O levels. Citrobacter freundii, Shigella flexneri, Serratia marcescens, Proteus vulgaris, Vibrio cholerae, Salmonella typhi, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis were isolated during both seasons and identified using standard analytical procedures. The bacterium that had the highest frequency of occurrence during the rainy season was Citrobacter freundii (16.55%) while Salmonella typhi had the highest frequency of occurrence during the dry season (17.69%) respectively. Proteus vulgaris had the least frequency of occurrence 5.41% and 4.62% during the rainy and dry seasons respectively. The results were analyzed statistically using two-way analysis of variance. Higher bacterial counts were recorded in rainy season and shallow wells than dry season and deeper wells. Conclusion: The presence of these bacteria above admissible limits showed that the water lacked proper water management services and may be harmful to humans. There is therefore a need to monitor the well water quality by employing better sanitary practices and subjecting the waters through various forms of water treatments before use to help prevent disease outbreak.

scholarly journals Heavy Metals in Water, Soils and Sediments of La Villa River Basin- Panama

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
José Villarreal Núñez ◽  
Adolfo Santo Pineda ◽  
Jhon Villalaz Pérez ◽  
Iván Ramos Zachrisson
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Dry Season ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
South Central ◽  
Rectangular Area

Determine the concentration of heavy metals in water, sediments, and crops within the La Villa river basin, Herrera and Los Santos provinces, republic of Panama. La Villa river Basin, south central of Panama, in the rainy season of 2016 (May to November) and in the dry season of 2017 (December to April). Twenty two sediments and water samples were taken using the systematic method which consists of selecting sampling points at uniform distances and crops in upper, middle and lower basin. The selected sampling was confined to a preferably rectangular area of 10.0 m x 30.0 m, on which the sub-samples were taken with a number of 15 on each grid, at 0.20m depth. For collecting the water samples, a rod with a clean plastic bottle was introduced against the current of the river. The digestion of sediments and crops to determine the concentration of heavy metals (As, Pb, Cr, Ni, Cu, Mn, Zn and Cd) was carried out according to USEPA (25) method (3051A) (SW-846). In the sediments, in the rainy season, Cu (upper and lower basin) and Mn (all levels) values were found above the USEPA Standards. In the dry season, high values of Mn were found in the middle and lower basin, Cr in the upper and lower basin and As in all areas of the basin. In the rainy and dry seasons, high levels of Mn, Zn, Cr, Cd and Pb were found in the waters of the rivers that make up the basin. The main crops at each height of the basin were analyzed, determining high levels of As and Cr in the upper basin, in the middle and lower basin Cr and Cd. It is necessary to monitor the concentration of heavy metals in sediments of La Villa river basin because 90% of the agrochemicals that enter the country is destined for agriculture. Each Panamanian consumes (does not ingest) 3 kg of agrochemicals annually, exceeding six times the amount used in Central America.  Due to their geological origin, these soils are rich in copper, manganese and arsenic, latter being associated with iron oxides and sulfides but there is also great influence of anthropogenic activities, agriculture and industries. Some metals such as lead and arsenic showed low solubility in water but showed high concentration in sediments. Chromium and cadmium present in crops come from water.

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