Inadequate Dietary Intakes: Among Pregnant Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer K. Fowler ◽  
Susan E. Evers ◽  
M. Karen Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Eating Behaviours ◽  
Prenatal Health ◽  
Canadian City ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
Health Project

Purpose: Eating behaviours were assessed among pregnant women in a mid-sized Canadian city. Methods: As part of the Prenatal Health Project, we interviewed 2313 pregnant women in London, Ontario. Subjects also completed a food frequency questionnaire. Recruitment took place in ultrasound clinics at 10 to 22 weeks of gestation. The main outcome measures were number of daily servings for each food group, measured against the minimum number recommended by the 2007 Eating Well with Canada’s Food Guide (CFG), the proportion of women consuming the recommended number of servings for each and all of the four food groups, and factors associated with adequate consumption. We also determined the number of servings of “other foods.” Analysis included descriptive statistics and logistic regression, all at p<0.05. Results: A total of 3.5% of women consumed the recommended number of servings for all four food groups; 15.3% did not consume the minimum number of servings of foods for any of the four food groups. Women for whom this was their first pregnancy were less likely to consume the recommended number of servings from all four food groups (odds ratio=0.41; confidence interval=0.23, 0.74). Conclusions: Very few pregnant women consumed food group servings consistent with the 2007 recommendations. Strategies to improve dietary behaviours must focus on the establishment of healthy eating behaviours among women of reproductive age.

scholarly journals Do the Dietary Intakes of Pregnant Women Attending Public Hospital Antenatal Clinics Align with Australian Guide to Healthy Eating Recommendations?

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 2438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaylee Slater ◽  
Megan E. Rollo ◽  
Zoe Szewczyk ◽  
Lee Ashton ◽  
Tracy Schumacher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Dietary Guidelines ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Nutrient Intakes ◽  
South Wales

The maternal diet influences the long-term health status of both mother and offspring. The current study aimed to compare dietary intakes of pregnant women compared to food and nutrient recommendations in the Australian Guide to Healthy Eating (AGHE) and Nutrient Reference Values (NRVs). Usual dietary intake was assessed in a sample of women in their 3rd trimester of pregnancy attending antenatal outpatient clinics at John Hunter Hospital, Newcastle, New South Wales (NSW). Dietary intake was measured using the Australian Eating Survey, a validated, semi-quantitative 120-item food frequency questionnaire. Daily food group servings and nutrient intakes were compared to AGHE and NRV targets. Of 534 women participating, none met the AGHE recommendations for all food groups. Highest adherence was for fruit serves (38%), and lowest for breads and cereals (0.6%). Only four women met the pregnancy NRVs for folate, iron, calcium, zinc and fibre from food alone. Current dietary intakes of Australian women during pregnancy do not align with national nutrition guidelines. This highlights the importance of routine vitamin and mineral supplementation during pregnancy, as intakes from diet alone may commonly be inadequate. Future revisions of dietary guidelines and pregnancy nutrition recommendations should consider current dietary patterns. Pregnant women currently need more support to optimise food and nutrient intakes.

Nutritional Status of Rural Pregnant Women of Haryana State, Northern India

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudesh Jood ◽  
Saroj Bishnoi ◽  
Neelam Khetarpaul
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Fats And Oils ◽  
Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Green Leafy Vegetables ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Daily Food ◽  
Limited Food ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

Average daily food intakes of 90 rural pregnant women belonging to arid, semi-arid and wet zones of Haryana State, Northern India have been determined. As a result of questionnaires and interviews, food intake for three consecutive days were collected. Intakes of cereals, pulses, roots and tubers, other vegetables and sugar and jaggery by the respondents were significantly lower than the prescribed Indian Recommended Dietary Intakes (RDI). The consumption of milk and milk products and fats and oils was significantly higher than that of RDI whereas, green leafy vegetables and fruits were the most limited food items. As the diets of rural pregnant women were inadequate with respect to some food groups, which resulted in lower intake of protein, β-carotene and ascorbic acid. Despite their poor intake their weights and heights were not much below the standards. BMI classification projected that only about one fourth of the respondents were underweight. There is pressing need to educate rural pregnant women regarding their increased nutritional requirements.

scholarly journals Underreporting of energy intake among Japanese women aged 18–20 years and its association with reported nutrient and food group intakes

2004 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 911-917 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitomi Okubo ◽  
Satoshi Sasaki
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Female Population ◽  
Reporting Accuracy ◽  
Diet History Questionnaire

AbstractObjectives:To evaluate the ratio of energy intake to basal metabolic rate (EI/BMR) among young female Japanese adults, and to compare the lifestyle and dietary characteristics between relatively low and high reporters.Design:Dietary intakes were assessed over a 1-month period with a validated, self-administered, diet history questionnaire, and lifestyle variables were assessed by a second questionnaire designed for this survey. The ratio of EI/BMR was calculated from reported energy intake and estimated basal metabolic rate.Subjects:In total, 1889 female Japanese university students aged 18–20 years who were enrolled in dietetics courses.Results:Ninety-five per cent of the subjects were classified into a non-obese group (body mass index (BMI) <25 kg m−2; mean±standard deviation (SD): 20.8±2.6 kg m−2). EI/BMR was 1.43±0.40 (mean±SD). Sixty-eight per cent of the subjects showed an EI/BMR level below the possibly balanced value of 1.56, 37% showed EI/BMR below the minimum survival value of 1.27 and 2% of the subjects showed EI/BMR exceeding the maximum value for a sustainable lifestyle of 2.4. BMI, body weight and BMR decreased significantly with the increase in EI/BMR (P<0.001). The percentage of energy from carbohydrate was significantly higher, whereas those from fat and protein were significantly lower, among the lower EI/BMR groups. As for food groups, a significantly declining trend from the lowest to the highest EI/BMR groups was observed for cereals.Conclusion:Underreporting, rather than overreporting, of energy intake was predominant in this relatively lean Japanese female population. BMI was the most important factor affecting the reporting accuracy of energy intake.

scholarly journals Energy, Nutrient and Food Intakes of Male Shift Workers Vary According to the Schedule Type but Not the Number of Nights Worked

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 919
Author(s):  
Sophie Bucher Della Torre ◽  
Pascal Wild ◽  
Victor Dorribo ◽  
Brigitta Danuser ◽  
Francesca Amati
Keyword(s):  
Eating Habits ◽  
Night Shift ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Pooled Analysis ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Shift Workers ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Schedule Type ◽  
Night Shifts

Shift work is associated with increased risk of chronic diseases due to circadian rhythm disruptions and behavioral changes such as in eating habits. Impact of type of shifts and number of night shifts on energy, nutrient and food intake is as yet unknown. Our goal was to analyze shift workers’ dietary intake, eating behavior and eating structure, with respect to frequency of nights worked in a given week and seven schedule types. Eating habits and dietary intakes of 65 male shift workers were analyzed in three steps based on 365 24-h food records: (1) according to the number of nights, (2) in a pooled analysis according to schedule type, and (3) in search of an interaction of the schedule and the timing of intake. Mean nutrient and food group intake during the study period did not depend on the number of nights worked. Amount and distribution of energy intake as well as quality of food, in terms of nutrient and food groups, differed depending on the type of schedule, split night shifts and recovery day (day after night shift) being the most impacted. Shift workers’ qualitative and quantitative dietary intakes varied between different schedules, indicating the need for tailored preventive interventions.

scholarly journals Maternal Diet During Pregnancy and Blood Cadmium Concentrations in an Observational Cohort of British Women

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 904
Author(s):  
Caroline M. Taylor ◽  
Rita Doerner ◽  
Kate Northstone ◽  
Katarzyna Kordas
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Maternal Diet ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Varied Diet ◽  
Observational Cohort ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
The Uk

Few studies have investigated the extent to which diet predicts body Cd concentrations among women of reproductive age, and pregnant women in particular. The aim of this study was to examine diet as a predictor of blood Cd concentrations in pregnant women participating in the UK Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Whole blood samples were analysed for Cd (median 0.26 (IQR 0.14–0.54) µg/L). Dietary pattern scores were derived from principal components analysis of data from a food frequency questionnaire. Associations between dietary pattern scores and foods/food groups with blood Cd ≥ median value were identified using adjusted logistic regression (n = 2169 complete cases). A health conscious dietary pattern was associated with a reduced likelihood of B-Cd ≥0.26 µg/l (OR 0.56 (95% CI 0.39–0.81)). There were similarly reduced likelihoods for all leafy green and green vegetables (0.72 (0.56–0.92) when consumed ≥4 times/week vs ≤1 to ≥3 times/week) and with all meats (0.66 (0.46–0.95) when consumed ≥4 times/week vs ≤ once in 2 weeks). Sensitivity analysis excluding smokers showed similar results. The evidence from this study provides continued support for a healthy and varied diet in pregnancy, incorporating foods from all food groups in accordance with national recommendations, without the need for specific guidance.

Inverse relation between fruit and vegetable intake and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus

2019 ◽  
Vol 89 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 37-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Parvin Mirmiran ◽  
Somayeh Hosseinpour-Niazi ◽  
Lida Moghaddam-Banaem ◽  
Minoor Lamyian ◽  
Azita Goshtasebi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Vegetable Consumption ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Fruit And Vegetable

Abstract. Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the association of intakes of fruit, vegetable and dairy with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Methods: This prospective study was conducted over a 17 month period, on a random sample of pregnant women (n = 1026), aged 18–45 y, in their first half of pregnancy, attending prenatal clinics in five hospitals’ affiliated to universities of medical sciences in different districts of Tehran, Iran. Dietary intakes were assessed during gestational age ≤ 6 weeks using a 168-item validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire. Between 24 and 28 weeks of gestation, all pregnant women underwent a scheduled 100 g 3-h oral glucose tolerance test. Diagnosis of GDM was based on criteria set by the American Diabetes Association. Results: Of 1026 study participants, 71 had GDM, with a mean age and pre-pregnancy BMI of 26.7 ± 4.3 y and 25.4 ± 4.5 Kg/m2, respectively. High fruit and vegetable intakes were negatively associated with GDM risk. Compared with women who consumed < 2.1 servings/day, odds ratio (ORs) for those who consumed ≥ 4.9 servings/day was 0.44 (95% CI: 0.20–0.93), after adjustment for confounding factors. Fruit and vegetable intakes were significantly and inversely associated with the GDM; ORs (95% CIs) for GDM among participants with the highest, compared to the lowest quartiles were 0.48 (0.18–0.89) for fruit and 0.46 (0.22–0.99) for vegetables intake. No association was found between dairy products and GDM. Conclusions: Fruit and vegetable consumption in women of reproductive age have beneficial effects in the prevention of GDM.

scholarly journals Canadians’ Dietary Intake from 2007 to 2011 and across Different Sociodemographic/Lifestyle Factors Using the Canadian Health Measures Survey Cycles 1 and 2

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zeinab Hosseini ◽  
Susan J. Whiting ◽  
Hassan Vatanparast
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Milk Products ◽  
Objective Health ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Canadian Health ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits ◽  
Canadian Health Measures Survey

Background. Nutrition is an important factor that impacts health, yet in Canada, there have been only a few surveys reflecting dietary intakes. The Canadian Health Measures Survey (CHMS) is a national survey that includes both food intake data as targeted questions and objective health measures. The aim of this research was to determine how food group intake data reported in CHMS is related to food group intakes from Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS) (2004). A secondary objective was to examine the dietary status of Canadians across sociodemographic levels. Methods. The CHMS Cycles 1 and 2 food group intake data (meat and alternatives; milk products; grains; vegetables and fruits; dietary fat consumption; and beverages) of Canadians (6–79 years, n=11,387) were descriptively compared to previously reported intake of Canadians from CCHS 2.2 in 2004. Further, Canadians’ food intakes were assessed across sociodemographic characteristics. Results. The CHMS dietary intake data from vegetables and fruits and from milk products groups were similar to the dietary intake reported from CCHS 2.2. For the other food groups, the difference in intakes suggested CHMS data by FFQ were not complete. However, similar patterns in food intakes with regards to age/sex and income were observed in both surveys. Conclusion. Not all food groups measured in CHMS provide complete dietary intake data as compared to CCHS 2.2, yet CHMS food group intakes provide valuable information when it comes to evaluating dietary intake across different population groups.

scholarly journals The Overall Plant-based Diet Index During Pregnancy and Risk of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus: A Prospective Cohort Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 574-574
Author(s):  
Huanzhuo Wang ◽  
Li Huang ◽  
Chunrong Zhong ◽  
Renjuan Chen ◽  
Xuezhen Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Oral Glucose ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Family History Of Diabetes

Abstract Objectives The overall plant-based diet index (PDI) has been demonstrated to be protective against type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the general population. Whether the PDI was linked to gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is unclear. We aimed to assess the association of the PDI with GDM incidence in Chinese pregnant women. Methods A total of 2099 pregnant women from the Tongji Maternal and Child Health Cohort (TMCHC) were included in the present study. Dietary data were collected at 13–28 wks of pregnancy by using a validated semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). Food groups including cereals, fruits, vegetables, nuts, beans, vegetable oil, dairy, eggs, meat, and fish, were ranked into quintiles and given positive (1–5 for plant food groups) or reverse (5–1 for animal food groups) scores. The PDI was obtained by summing the 10 food group scores, with a theoretical range of 10 to 50. GDM was diagnosed by the 75-g 2-h oral glucose tolerance test at 24–28 wks. Cubic-restricted spline function and logistic regression analyses were used to examine the association between the PDI during pregnancy and GDM. Results GDM was reported by 8.1% of the 2099 pregnancies. The PDI score ranged from 17 to 43 (theoretical range: 10–50), the mean (SD) was 30.2 (4.4). After adjusting for maternal age, ethnicity, education, income, parity, gravidity, family history of diabetes, total energy intake per day, and other pre-pregnancy information such as body mass index (BMI), smoking status, drinking status, exercise, and sleep quality, a linear association between the PDI and GDM risk was demonstrated by the restricted cubic splines (P for overall association = 0.024, P for nonlinearity = 0.370). Compared to the lowest quartile 1 of PDI, ORs (95% CI) were 0.91 (0.59, 1.42) for quartile 2, 0.91 (0.58, 1.41) for quartile 3, and 0.52 (0.30, 0.89) for quartiles 4 (P for trend = 0.040) in the adjusted model. Conclusions Our study suggests that higher PDI is associated with a substantially lower risk of developing GDM, which indicates that adopt plant-based diets during pregnancy could be an easy avenue to reduce GDM risk. Funding Sources Funding was received from the National Program on Basic Research Project of China (NO.2013FY114200) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (HUST2016YXZD040) for Nianhong Yang.

scholarly journals Pregnant Women in Four Low-Middle Income Countries Have a High Prevalence of Inadequate Dietary Intakes That Are Improved by Dietary Diversity

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Lander ◽  
K. Hambidge ◽  
Jamie Westcott ◽  
Gabriela Tejeda ◽  
Tshilenge Diba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Total N ◽  
Middle Income Countries ◽  
Low Middle Income Countries ◽  
Dietary Data

Background: Up-to-date dietary data are required to understand the diverse nutritional challenges of pregnant women living in low-middle income countries (LMIC). To that end, dietary data were collected from 1st trimester pregnant women in rural areas of Guatemala, India, Pakistan, and Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) participating in a maternal lipid-based nutrient supplement (LNS) Randomized Controlled Trial to examine dietary diversity (DD), usual group energy and nutrient intakes, and prevalence of inadequate dietary intakes. Methods: Two 24-h dietary recalls were conducted in ~240 pregnant women/site (total n = 966) prior to 12-week gestation. Adequate DD was assessed, i.e., ≥5 major food groups consumed within the past 24 h. Median, Q1, Q3 intakes (without LNS) of energy, macronutrients, 12 micronutrients, and phytate were examined. The “at risk” prevalence of inadequate intakes were based on international guidelines for pregnant women. Results: Dietary patterns varied widely among sites, with adequate DD reported: 20% (Pakistan), 25% (DRC), 50% (Guatemala), and 70% (India). Significantly higher intakes of most key nutrients were observed in participants with adequate DD. More than 80% of women in all sites had inadequate intakes of folate, vitamin B12, and choline, and >80% of women in India and DRC also had inadequate intakes of calcium, thiamine, riboflavin, and vitamin B6. Conclusions: Our data highlight the likely need for micronutrient supplementation in pregnancy, specifically multi-micronutrient interventions, and support the value of increasing DD as part of sustainable long-term nutrition programs for women of reproductive age in these poor rural settings in LMIC.

scholarly journals Minimum Dietary Diversity for Women of Reproductive Age (MDD-W) Data Collection: Validity of the List-Based and Open Recall Methods as Compared to Weighed Food Record

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 2039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giles T. Hanley-Cook ◽  
Ji Yen A. Tung ◽  
Isabela F. Sattamini ◽  
Pamela A. Marinda ◽  
Kong Thong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Weighted Kappa ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Group Diversity ◽  
Minimum Dietary Diversity ◽  
Recall Methods

Minimum dietary diversity for women of reproductive age (MDD-W) was validated as a population-level proxy of micronutrient adequacy, with indicator data collection proposed as either list-based or open recall. No study has assessed the validity of these two non-quantitative proxy methods against weighed food records (WFR). We assessed the measurement agreement of list-based and open recall methods as compared to WFR (i.e., reference method of individual quantitative dietary assessment) for achieving MDD-W and an ordinal food group diversity score. Applying a non-inferiority design, data were collected from non-pregnant women of reproductive age in Cambodia (n = 430), Ethiopia (n = 431), and Zambia (n = 476). For the pooled sample (n = 1337), proportions achieving MDD-W from both proxy methods were compared to WFR proportion by McNemar’s chi-square tests, Cohen’s kappa, and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis. Ordinal food group diversity (0–10) was compared by Wilcoxon matched-pairs signed-rank tests, intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC), and weighted kappa. MDD-W food groups that were most frequently misreported (i.e., type I and II errors) by the proxy methods were determined. Our findings indicate statistically significant differences in proportions achieving MDD-W, ordinal food group diversity scores, and ROC curves between both proxy methods and WFR (p < 0.001). List-based and open recall methods overreported women achieving MDD-W by 16 and 10 percentage points, respectively, as compared to WFR (proportion achieving MDD-W: 30%). ICC values between list-based or open recall and WFR were 0.50 and 0.55, respectively. Simple and weighted kappa values both indicated moderate agreement between list-based or open recall against WFR. Food groups most likely to be misreported using proxy methods were beans and peas, dark green leafy vegetables, vitamin A-rich fruit and vegetables, and other fruits. Our study provides statistical evidence for overreporting of both list-based and open recall methods for assessing prevalence of MDD-W or ordinal food group diversity score in women of reproductive age in low- and middle-income countries. Operationalizing MDD-W through qualitative recall methods should consider potential trade-offs between accuracy and simplicity.

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