scholarly journals Reconciling Architectural Design with Seismic Codes

Prostor ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1 (61)) ◽  
pp. 42-55
Author(s):  
Cengiz Özmen
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Design Principles ◽  
Seismic Codes ◽  
Architectural Analysis

Seismic codes include strict requirements for the design and construction of mid-rise reinforced concrete residential buildings. These requirements call for the symmetric and regular arrangement of the structural system, increased cross-sections for columns, and the introduction of shear walls to counteract the effects of lateral seismic loads. It is challenging for architects to reconcile the demands of these codes with the spatial arrangement and commercial appeal of their designs. This study argues that such reconciliation is possible through an architectural analysis. First, the effectiveness of applying the seismic design principles required by the codes is demonstrated with the comparative analysis of two finite element models. Then three pairs of architectural models, representing the most common floor plan arrangements for such buildings in Turkey, are architecturally analyzed before and after the application of seismic design principles in terms of floor area and access to view. The results demonstrate that within the context defined by the methodology of this study, considerable seismic achievement can be achieved in mid-rise reinforced concrete residential buildings by the application of relatively few, basic design features by the architects.

Research Situation on the Performance-Based Seismic Design Method for Reinforced Concrete Structure

2010 ◽  
Vol 163-167 ◽  
pp. 1757-1761
Author(s):  
Yong Le Qi ◽  
Xiao Lei Han ◽  
Xue Ping Peng ◽  
Yu Zhou ◽  
Sheng Yi Lin
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Seismic Evaluation ◽  
Seismic Codes ◽  
Performance Based Seismic Design ◽  
Capacity Calculation ◽  
Seismic Design Method

Various analytical approaches to performance-based seismic design are in development. Based on the current Chinese seismic codes，elastic capacity calculation under frequent earthquake and ductile details of seismic design shall be performed for whether seismic design of new buildings or seismic evaluation of existing buildings to satisfy the seismic fortification criterion “no damage under frequent earthquake, repairable under fortification earthquake, no collapse under severe earthquake”. However, for some special buildings which dissatisfy with the requirements of current building codes, elastic capacity calculation under frequent earthquake is obviously not enough. In this paper, the advanced performance-based seismic theory is introduced to solve the problems of seismic evaluation and strengthening for existing reinforced concrete structures, in which story drift ratio and deformation of components are used as performance targets. By combining the features of Chinese seismic codes, a set of performance-based seismic design method is established for reinforced concrete structures. Different calculation methods relevant to different seismic fortification criterions are adopted in the proposed method, which solve the problems of seismic evaluation for reinforced concrete structures.

NONLINEAR ANALYSIS OF A BARBELL-SHAPED CROSS SECTION WALL USING FIBER SLICE

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae-Han Jun ◽  
Pyeong-Doo Kang
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Analytical Model ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Axial Load ◽  
Nonlinear Response ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Lateral Loads ◽  
Fiber Element ◽  
Shaped Cross Section

Reinforced concrete shear walls are effective for resisting lateral loads imposed by wind or earthquakes. This study investigates the effectiveness of a wall fiber element in predicting the flexural nonlinear response of reinforced concrete shear walls. Model results are compared with experimental results for reinforced concrete shear walls with barbell-shaped cross sections without axial load. The analytical model is calibrated and the test measurements are processed to allow for a direct comparison of the predicted and measured flexural responses. Response results are compared at top displacements on the walls. Results obtained in the analytical model for barbell-shaped cross section wall compared favorably with experimentally responses for flexural capacity, stiffness, and deformability.

scholarly journals Seismic Fragility of Ordinary Reinforced Concrete Shear Walls with Coupling Beams Designed Using a Performance-Based Procedure

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4075
Author(s):  
Seong-Ha Jeon ◽  
Ji-Hun Park
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic ◽  
Shear Force ◽  
Nonlinear Dynamic Analysis ◽  
Shear Walls ◽  
Analytical Models ◽  
High Rise ◽  
Collapse Probability

The seismic performance of ordinary reinforced concrete shear walls, that are commonly used in high-rise residential buildings in Korea (h < 60 m), but are prohibited for tall buildings (h ≥ 60 m), is evaluated in this research project within the framework of collapse probability. Three bidimensional analytical models comprised of both coupled and uncoupled shear walls exceeding 60 m in height were designed using nonlinear dynamic analysis in accordance with Korean performance-based seismic design guidelines. Seismic design based on nonlinear dynamic analysis was performed using different shear force amplification factors in order to determine an appropriate factor. Then, an incremental dynamic analysis was performed to evaluate collapse fragility in accordance with the (Federal Emergency Management Agency) FEMA P695 procedure. Four engineering demand parameters including inter-story drift, plastic hinge rotation angle, concrete compressive strain and shear force were introduced to investigate the collapse probability of the designed analytical models. For all analytical models, flexural failure was the primary failure mode but shear force amplification factors played an important role in order to meet the requirement on collapse probability. High-rise ordinary reinforced concrete shear walls designed using seven pairs of ground motion components and a shear force amplification factor ≥ 1.2 were adequate to satisfy the criteria on collapse probability and the collapse margin ratio prescribed in FEMA P695.

scholarly journals Seismic Behavior of a Class of Mixed Reinforced Concrete-Steel Buildings Subjected to Near-Fault Motions

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (12) ◽  
pp. 172
Author(s):  
Paraskevi K. Askouni ◽  
George A. Papagiannopoulos
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Seismic Response ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Seismic Behavior ◽  
Time History ◽  
Steel Buildings ◽  
Seismic Codes ◽  
Near Fault ◽  
Non Linear ◽  
Story Drift

This paper investigates the seismic behavior of a class of mixed reinforced concrete­–­steel buildings. In particular, mixed buildings constructed by r/c (reinforced concrete) at their lower story(ies) and structural steel at their upper story(ies) are studied from the viewpoint of their wide application in engineering praxis. The need to investigate the seismic behavior for this type of mixed buildings arises from the fact that the existent literature is small and that modern seismic codes do not offer specific seismic design recommendations for them. To study the seismic behavior of mixed r/c-steel buildings, a 3-D numerical model is employed and five realistic r/c-steel mixed buildings are simulated. Two cases of the support condition, i.e., fixed or pinned, of the lowest steel story to the upper r/c one are examined. The r/c and steel parts of the mixed buildings are initially designed as separate structures by making use of the relevant seismic design guidelines of Eurocode 8, and then the seismic response of these buildings is computed through non-linear time-history analyses. The special category of near-fault seismic motions is selected in these time-history analyses to force the mixed r/c-steel buildings under study to exhibit a strong non-linear response. Seismic response indices in terms of inter-story drift ratio, residual inter-story drift ratio and peak floor absolute accelerations are computed. The maximum values of these indices are discussed by comparing the two aforementioned kinds of support conditions and checking the satisfaction of specific seismic performance limits. Conclusions regarding the expected seismic behavior of mixed r/c-steel buildings under near-fault seismic motions are drawn. Finally, the need to introduce specific design recommendations for mixed r/c-steel buildings in modern seismic codes is stressed.

Performance-Based Research of Existing Reinforced Concrete Building Structure Seismic Evaluation and Reinforcement Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 513-517 ◽  
pp. 3500-3503
Author(s):  
Li Na Pei
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Seismic Evaluation ◽  
Seismic Codes ◽  
Performance Targets ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Moderate Earthquake ◽  
Story Drift ◽  
Capacity Calculation ◽  
New Buildings

Based on the current seismic codes, the elastic capacity calculation under frequent earthquake and ductile details of seismic design should be used for both seismic design of new buildings and seismic evaluation of existing buildings to satisfy the seismic fortification criterion, namely/no damage under frequent earthquake, repairable under moderate earthquake, and no collapse under severe earthquake0. For the evaluation, rebuilding and extending of existing structures which dissatisfy the ductile details of current seismic codes, the elastic capacity calculation under frequent earthquake is obviously not enough. In this paper, the advanced performance-based seismic theory is introduced while story drift ratio and deformation of component are used as performance targets to solve the problems of seismic evaluation and strengthening for existing reinforced concrete structures.

Repair costs of reinforced concrete building components: from actual data analysis to calibrated consequence functions

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 353-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciro Del Vecchio ◽  
Marco Di Ludovico ◽  
Andrea Prota
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Seismic Design ◽  
Residential Buildings ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Computer Tools ◽  
Repair Costs ◽  
Concrete Building ◽  
Damage States ◽  
Building Components ◽  
Simplified Procedures

Modern seismic design and the retrofitting of buildings necessarily need to account for expected economic losses. Available refined and simplified procedures implemented in automatic computer tools allow for probabilistic loss assessments. These mostly rely on consequence functions derived by simulating the repair actions needed to restore a component to its pre-earthquake condition. However, due to the lack of data, only a few studies have benchmarked theoretical loss assessments with actual repair costs monitored in the aftermath of earthquake events. This paper analyses the actual repair costs of a database of 120 reinforced concrete residential buildings damaged by the 2009 earthquake in L’Aquila, Italy. The repair cost distributions and the correlation with observed earthquake damage are provided at the building and component levels. The repair costs of drift- and acceleration-sensitive components are also reported. This study outlines that repairing hollow clay brick infills and partitions that are typical of the Mediterranean construction standard constitutes the majority of total repair costs. Reliable consequence functions calibrated on actual cost data are proposed for different damage states.

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