scholarly journals CYCLE STRATEGY OF LOCKDOWN AND ECONOMIC ACTIVITY DURING THE PANDEMIC COVID-19

Anales AFA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 150-156
Author(s):  
F. E. Cornes ◽  
◽  
G. A. Frank ◽  
C. O. Dorso ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Start Up

The investigation focuses on an on-off protocol for relieving the COVID-19 widespread. The protocol establishes a working period of 4 days for all the citizens, followed by 8 days of lock-down. We further propose splitting people into smaller groups that accomplish the on-off protocol, but shifted in time. This procedure is expected to regularize the overall economic activity. Our results show that either the protocol and the splitting procedure relieve the spreading. However, the latter seems to be better for economic reasons. Our simulations further show that the start-up time is a key issue for the success of the implementation.

scholarly journals Innowacyjność sieci franczyzowych

2012 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
pp. 168-181
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Świętek
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Know How ◽  
Unique Character ◽  
Current State ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Modern Business ◽  
Franchise Networks ◽  
Organizational Innovations ◽  
Degree Of Innovation

A lasting success of business activities regardless of their location, nature, size and industry isnow dependent on the degree of innovation. Innovation is a way for modern enterprises to survive in thechanging market, and a response to customer needs, including their formation, but also seeking waysto develop the internal businesses, particularly in its organization and ideas. Innovation today cannotbe limited to the creation of new technological solutions, and then their implementation into industrialproduction. A particular kind of a modern business model, which has been recently developing inPoland and which is an example of an innovative organization in many fields, is the franchise, the focusof this article.In the article, the principles of operation and the current state of development of franchise networksin Poland is explained, and then the innovative features of franchise business in general, resultingfrom franchise agreements, are analyzed. In the final part of the article, examples of innovations arepresented: technological, market and organizational innovations, used in various franchise industries.In the article, the author also pays attention to the unique character of the franchise system, basedon assistance and transfer of know-how to its franchisees by the entrepreneur, which reduces therisk arising from the start-up of new economic activity, and affects the fast and multi-dimensionaldevelopment of franchise networks.

scholarly journals Status of Start-ups in Hills and Planes of Uttarakhand: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-99
Author(s):  
Narendra Kumar ◽  
Dr. L. K. Singh
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Equal Opportunities ◽  
Plane Region ◽  
Balanced Growth ◽  
Home Town ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Healthy Growth ◽  
Start Ups

The start-up ecosystem plays a critical role in the growth & development of a society. The reason behind creation of Uttarakhand as a separate state is to have a balanced growth of people in Hills. The start-up policy is a phenomenon that ensures balanced growth by offering equal opportunities to all the segments of the society. Start-up encourages people to initiate and contribute in the economic activity at their home town and to be vocal for local. In this paper start-up ecosystem in Uttarakhand is analysed. The objective of the study is to status and comparisons of start-ups between Hills and Plane region of Uttarakhand. This study will help to design the policy to healthy growth of start-ups in rural and hilly zones of the state. Start-ups that qualify the parameters of start-up policy of Uttarakhand are taken for the study.

The Hired Gun as Facilitator: Lawyers and the Suppression of Business Disputes in Silicon Valley

1996 ◽  
Vol 21 (03) ◽  
pp. 679-712 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark C. Suchman ◽  
Mia L. Cahill
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Silicon Valley ◽  
High Technology ◽  
Law Firms ◽  
Legal Regime ◽  
Local Practices ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Local Law

This article draws on interview data from California's Silicon Valley to explore the role of local business attorneys in shaping the market for high-technology start-up financing. Far from exerting a disruptive or disputatious influence on business relations, Silicon Valley lawyers actively facilitate the functioning of the region's venture capital sector. In particular, attorneys intervene in the start-up process to absorb, suppress, and avert crucial uncertainties that might otherwise elevate transaction costs, imperil economic activity, and foster interorganizational discord. Local law firms moderate the hazards of new-company financing in at least three distinct ways: (1) by directly absorbing economic uncertainties in individual transactions; (2) by constructing, preserving, and reproducing normative and cognitive understandings within the community as a whole; and (3) by incorporating these local practices into the external legal regime.

scholarly journals THE IMPACT OF CHINESE BUSINESS ON MARKET ENTRY IN GHANA AND SENEGAL

Africa ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 83 (4) ◽  
pp. 646-669 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence Marfaing ◽  
Alena Thiel
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Market Entry ◽  
Market Order ◽  
Ethnographic Fieldwork ◽  
Chinese Migrants ◽  
Chinese Business ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Religious Networks ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Situation

ABSTRACTIn this article we analyse the currently observable changes in the norms and orders that regulate market entry in the Ghanaian and Senegalese trade sectors. We portray the three distinct ways in which – facilitated by the presence of independent Chinese migrants – previously excluded actors are now able to enter the market, without needing to rely on the networks that typically mediate access to start-up capital needs – such as selling space, marketing skills and, not least, capital stock. Creatively appropriating the new situation, these previously excluded actors have thus found in the Chinese presence a means of bypassing restrictive economic, social and religious networks. In-depth ethnographic fieldwork in 2011 and 2012 has revealed that while aspiring traders from Ghana and Senegal applaud the newly opened pathways to gainful economic activity, more established local merchants in the urban centres of both countries feel and express, in contrast, a discontent with the growing Chinese presence – as they see their role as gatekeepers of the market order being increasingly undermined.

Starting Business Out of Unemployment: How Do Supported Self-employed Individuals Perform?

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ondřej Dvouletý
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Public Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Active Labour Market Policy ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Active Labour ◽  
And Performance

AbstractThe study empirically contributes to the discussion on the effects of start-up subsidies for unemployed individuals as a part of the active labour market policy. The article provides insights into the survival and performance of the subsidized businesses in the Czech Republic. The study follows up cohorts of self-employed individuals that were supported during years 2009–2017. The obtained findings show that a vast majority of the supported businesses were still officially active 2 years after the allocation of the start-up subsidy, and even later. The firm-level data further relieve that most of the individuals starting a business out of unemployment stay solo (only less than four per cent of self-employed individuals employ besides themselves at least one employee) and the economic outcomes of the subsidized businesses, measured as annual turnover, are rather modest. The empirical results further showed that higher intensity of public support is negatively associated with business closure and positively with employment and turnover categories. The study concludes that the start-up subsidy for unemployed succeeded in activating unemployed individuals to pursue an economic activity, although further research concerning other outcome variables such as personal income, job satisfaction and well-being is needed.

scholarly journals Refugees who mean business: Economic activities in and around the Rohingya settlements in Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mateusz J Filipski ◽  
Gracie Rosenbach ◽  
Ernesto Tiburcio ◽  
Paul Dorosh ◽  
John Hoddinott
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Small Enterprises ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Start Up ◽  
The World ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Advance Knowledge

Abstract Refugee sites throughout the world are loci of economic activity, including small enterprises, but limited information exists on these. We advance knowledge by collecting and analysing data on 326 enterprises operating inside and outside Rohingya settlements in southeastern Bangladesh. We find the following: refugees have access to a diverse array of active businesses; Bangladeshis and Rohingya both operate businesses and the two communities interact through transactions in local goods, services, inputs, and labour markets; lending plays an important role in sustaining these economies, as approximately 50 per cent of transactions are on credit; Rohingya-run enterprises face greater challenges than their local counterparts: their businesses are smaller and less profitable, and refugee workers are paid lower wages than local workers; and about half of the difference in performance between Rohingya and Bangladeshis can be explained by levels of start-up capital, scale, location, and education.

Second Start-up of Special Economic Zones in Russia

2010 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
P. Pavlov
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Negative Experience ◽  
Development Control ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Start Up ◽  
New Type ◽  
Development Concept ◽  
Economic Zones

In this article, problems and possibilities concerning the repeated introduction of the SEZ project to the Russian economy are considered. It is suggested to improve the legal organizational regulation of this institute on the basis of negative experience investigation regarding the previous SEZ, such as free economic zones. The author shows that the success of the quickest new type zones formation process will depend on creation and implementation of a single SEZ development concept. This concept will include the issues of the SEZ formation principles determination, zones areal location, their infrastructure development, control of the access to SEZ, arranging of business and economic activity in the zones.

Economic Activity

1967 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. C. Harcourt ◽  
P. H. Karmel ◽  
R. H. Wallace
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity
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